R GROOVED PIPING SYSTEM – DESIGN DATA VICTAULIC ® IS AN ISO 9001 CERTIFIED COMP

R GROOVED PIPING SYSTEM – DESIGN DATA VICTAULIC ® IS AN ISO 9001 CERTIFIED COMPANY ® REGISTERED TRADEM ARK OF VICTAULIC – © COPYRIGHT 1998 VICTAULIC – PRINTED IN U.S.A. 1554 REV C 26.02 Victaulic Company of America • Phone: 1-800-PICK-VIC (1-800-742-5842) • Fax: 610-250-8817 • e-mail:pickvic@victaulic.com Victaulic Company of Canada • Phone: 905-884-7444 • Fax: 905-884-9774 • e-mail: viccanada@victaulic.com Victaulic Europe • Phone:32-9-381-1500 • Fax: 32-9-380-4438 • e-mail: viceuro@victaulic.be Victaulic America Latina • Phone: 610-559-3300 • Fax: 610-559-3608 • e-mail: vical@victaulic.com Victaulic Asia Pacific • Phone: 65-6235-3035 • Fax: 65-6235-0535 • e-mail: vicap@victaulic.com All materials, including pipe, machinery, structures and buildings experience dimension changes as a result of changes in temperatures. This report covers considerations for accommodating thermal expansion and contraction. Movement due to other causes (e.g.: seismic, etc.) must be added to pipe line thermal growth. Pipe subjected to temperature changes will be placed in a condition of stress, exerting potentially damaging reactive forces and moments on components or equipment. Three common methods of accommodating this pipe movement are to 1) provide an expansion joint; 2) allow the system to “free- float” whereby the pipe would be allowed to move in a desired direction through the use of anchoring and/or guidance, if necessary, taking into account the capability of branch connection or changes in direction which may have resultant harmful bending moments; or 3) utilize the linear movement/deflection capabilities of flexible grooved couplings. The selection of either of these methods is dependent on the type of piping system and the designer's preference. Since it is impossible to predict all system designs, it is the intent here to call attention to the mechanical advantages of the grooved piping method and how it can be used to the piping system designer's benefit. These examples are presented to stimulate thought and should not be considered as recommendations for a specific system. The first step in accommodating thermal movement is to compute the exact change in the linear length of the piping system over the distance of interest, along with a suitable safety factor. The actual expansion of 100-foot pipe lengths has been computed at different temperatures for the most common piping materials (carbon steel, stainless steel and copper tubing) and are shown in Table 1. These values should not be applied to pipe of alternate materials as they will vary. Expansion coefficients may vary 5% or more when obtained from different sources and should be taken into account. An example illustrating the use of Table 1 follows: Given: 240-foot long carbon steel pipe Maximum operating temperature = 220°F (104°C) Minimum operating temperature = 40°F (4°C) Temperature at time of installation = 80°F (26°C) Note: To assure the maximum life for the service intended, proper gasket selection is essential. Reference should always be made to the latest Victaulic Gasket Selection Guide for recommendations. Calculation: From Table 1, carbon steel pipe expansion 220°F (104°C) 1.680" per 100 ft. of carbon steel pipe 40°F (4°C) 0.300" per 100 ft. of carbon steel pipe Difference: 1.380" per 100 ft. of carbon steel pipe for temperatures 40°F to 220°F Therefore, 240-feet of pipe = 240 (1.380) = 3.312" 100 This 3.312" of movement should have a suitable safety factor applied, which varies as determined by the system designer, to account for any errors in predicting operating extremes, etc. These examples were calculated without a safety factor applied. To determine the positioning of the expansion joint at the time of installation: Installation to cold condition (80°F to 40°F) 80°F (26°C) 0.580" per 100 ft. 40°F (4°C) 0.300" per 100 ft. Difference: 0.280" per 100 ft. or 0.672" per 240 ft. Installation to hot condition (80°F to 220°F) 220°F(104°C) 1.680" per 100 ft. 80°F(26°C) 0.580" per 100 ft. Difference: 1.100" per 100 ft. or 2.640" per 240 ft. Therefore, the expansion joint is to be set up with at least the capability to allow 0.672" of pipe contraction and at least 2.640" of pipe expansion when installed at 80°F (26°C). TABLE 1 T em p. °F/°C Therm al Expansion of Pipe Inches per 100 ft. m m per 100 m eters T em p. °F/°C Therm al Expansion of Pipe Inches per 100 ft. m m per 100 m eters Carbon Steel Copper Stain. Steel Carbon Steel Copper Stain. Steel –40 –0.288 –0.421 –0.461 180 1.360 2.051 2.074 –40 –24,0 –35,1 –38,4 82 113,2 170,9 172,9 –20 –0.145 –0.210 – 0.230 200 1.520 2.296 2.304 –28 –12,1 –17,4 –19,0 93 126,6 191,3 191,9 0 0 0 0 212 1.610 2.428 2.442 –17 0 0 0 100 134,2 202,4 203,4 20 0.148 0.238 0.230 220 1.680 2.516 2.534 –6 12,5 19,7 19,0 104 140,1 209,7 211,3 32 0.230 0.366 0.369 230 1.760 2.636 2.650 0 19,0 30,5 30,8 110 146,7 219,8 220,8 40 0.300 0.451 0.461 260 2.020 — — 4 24,9 37,7 38,4 126 168,3 — — 60 0.448 0.684 0.691 280 2.180 — — 15 37,4 57,1 57,7 137 181,8 — — 80 0.580 0.896 0.922 300 2.350 — — 26 48,2 74,8 76,8 148 195,9 — — 100 0.753 1.134 1.152 320 2.530 — — 37 62,7 94,5 96,1 160 211,0 — — 120 0.910 1.366 1.382 340 2.700 — — 48 75,8 113,9 115,2 171 225,1 — — 140 1.064 1.590 1.613 350 2.790 — — 60 88,6 132,6 134,5 176 232,6 — — 160 1.200 1.804 1.843 71 100,1 150,3 153,6 Calculating and Accommodating Pipe Line Thermal Growth 2 Calculating and Accommodating Pipe Line Thermal Growth 26.02 ACCOMMODATING PIPE THERMAL GROWTH Victaulic offers the designer basic methods for accommodating pipe movement due to contraction and/or expansion. 1. Victaulic Style 150 Mover ® Expansion Joint 2. Free-Floating System 3. Victaulic flexible grooved couplings utilizing their linear movement and deflection capabilities. 4. Expansion loops utilizing Victaulic flexible couplings and fittings. These devices offer economical and attractive solutions to problems of thermal movements. The following sections provide product information and suggestions which show the mechanical advantages of the grooved piping method. Since it is impossible to predict all system designs, it should be noted that these suggestions are not considered as recommendations for a specific system. 1. Victaulic Style 150 Mover ® Expansion Joint The Victaulic Style 150 Mover Expansion Joint is a slip-type expansion joint which can provide up to 3" (76 mm) axial movement, accommodating pipe expansion and/or contraction. (See 09.04) As with all types of expansion joints, the designer should guard against damaging conditions for which these devices cannot accommodate, such as temperatures or pressures outside the product recommended range or motions which exceed the product’s capability. For proper operation of the expansion joint, the piping system should be divided into separate expansion/contraction sections with suitable supports, guides and anchors to direct axial pipe movement. Anchors can be classified as main or intermediate for the purpose of force analysis. Main anchors are installed at terminal points, major branch connections, or changes of piping direction. The forces acting on a main anchor will be due to pressure thrust, velocity flow and friction of alignment guides and weight support devices. Intermediate anchors are installed in long runs to divide them into smaller expanding sections to facilitate using less complex expansion joints. The force acting on the intermediate anchor is due to friction at guides, weight of supports or hangers, and the activation force required to compress or expand an expansion joint. Pipe alignment guides are essential to ensure axial movement of the expansion joint. Whenever possible, the expansion joint should be located adjacent to an anchor within four (4) pipe diameters. The first and second alignment guides on the opposite side of the expansion joint should be located a maximum distance of four (4) and fourteen (14) pipe diameters, respectively. Additional intermediate guides may be required throughout the system for pipe alignment. If the expansion joint cannot be located adjacent to an anchor, install guides on both sides of the unit, as mentioned. THE DATA PROVIDED IS INTENDED FOR USE AS AN AID TO QUALIFIED DESIGNERS WHEN PRODUCTS ARE INSTALLED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LATEST AVAILABLE VICTAULIC PRODUCT DATA. TABLE 2 RECOMMENDED PIPE ALIGNMENT GUIDE SP A CING Pipe Size Maxim um Distance to 1st Guide or Anchor Inches/m m Approxim ate Distance Between 1st to 2nd Guide Inches/m m Nom inal Diam eter Inches/m m Actual Outside Diam eter Inches/m m 1 1.315 4" 1' - 4" 25 33,7 101,6 406,4 1 1 / 4 1.660 5" 1' - 5" 32 42,4 127,0 431,8 1 1 / 2 1.900 6" 1' - 9" 40 48,3 152,4 533,4 2 2.375 8" 2' - 4" 50 60,3 203,2 711,2 2 1 / 2 2.875 10" 2' - 11" 65 73,0 254,0 889,0 3 3.500 1' - 0" 3' - 6" 80 88,9 304,8 1066,8 3 1 / 2 4.000 1' - 2" 4' - 1" 90 101,6 355,6 1244,6 4 4.500 1' - 4" 4' - 8" 100 114,3 406,4 1422,4 5 5.563 1' - 8" 5' - 8" 125 141,3 508,0 1727,2 6 6.625 2' - uploads/s3/ victaulic-piping-guide-pdf 1 .pdf

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