Remerciez-le!

Remerciez @Admin pour avoir partagé cet document gratuitement, de la manière la plus simple, en partageant sur les réseaux sociaux.

Office of the Pro Vice-Chancellor (Business) College of Business: Guidelines fo

Office of the Pro Vice-Chancellor (Business) College of Business: Guidelines for referencing and presentation in written reports and essays Version: 4 Approved: April 2010 Review date: Not later than December 2011 Contents 1. Introduction 2 2. Referencing 4 2.2.1 Paraphrasing 4 2.2.2 Direct quotes 4 2.3.1 Referencing internet sources 5 2.4.1 Printed material and multimedia 10 2.4.2 Electronic journal articles 20 2.4.5 Order of entries in a reference list 22 3. Plagiarism 25 3.1.1 What constitutes plagiarism? 25 3.1.2 What is the penalty for plagiarism? 25 4. Essay writing 28 A Step By Step Guide to Essay Writing 28 Step 1 Choose your topic 28 Step 2 Read the instructions, relating to your assessments as set down in your Course Guide 28 Step 3 Analyse the topic 28 Step 5 Starting your research 30 Step 6 Mind mapping 30 Step 7 Focus your research 30 Step 8 Draw up a detailed plan 32 Step 9 Writing the Essay 32 Step 10 Writing the first draft 34 Step 11 Editing your final draft 35 5. Report Writing 36 A step by step guide to report writing 37 Step 1 Choose your topic 37 Step 2 Read the instructions relating to your assessments as set down in your Course Guide 37 Step 3 Analyse the topic 37 Step 4 Brain storm – what do you already know about the issue? 37 Step 5 Starting your research 37 Step 6 Mind mapping 37 Step 7 Focus your research 38 Step 8 Draw up a detailed plan 39 Step 9 Writing the report 40 Step 10 Using your plan to start writing 43 Step 11 Writing the first draft 43 Step 12 Formatting your report 44 Reference list 48 Bibliography 48 Glossary 49 Acknowledgements 50 Tables Table Title Page Table 1 Referencing styles – type of author 6 Table 2 Referencing styles – no author 6 Table 3 Referencing styles – books 7 Tables 4a-d Referencing styles 10 Table 5 Order of entries in a reference list 22 Table 6 Other referencing systems 23 Table 7 Commonly used abbreviations in referencing 24 Table 8 Direct use of another person's work without citation 26 Table 9 Paraphrasing without citation 26 Table 10 Piecing together texts and linking them 26 Table 11 Integrating ideas from multiple sources 27 Table 12 How to avoid accusations of plagiarism 27 Table 13 Action/instruction words used in assessment tasks 29 Table 14 Mind mapping for essays 30 Table 15 Checklist for essays 34 Table 16 Mind mapping for reports 38 Table 17 Sections of a report 40 Table 18 Examples of the language used in the different sections of a report 45 Table 19 Formal versus informal language 45 Table 20 Report writing checklist 47 Table 21 Glossary 49 1. Introduction The written word is the basis of business communication today, whether in a formal business report, a letter, informal memo or email. As a business professional, you will be judged by how well and how clearly you use words to communicate. As well as teaching technical business skills in a broad range of disciplines, RMIT Business is also committed to help you develop appropriate business writing skills for the University assessments you will be required to submit. This document is intended for RMIT Business TAFE and undergraduate students, although postgraduate students are encouraged to use it as a starting point. It details how to format your written work and demonstrates: • the differences between academic essays and business reports; • guidelines for their preparation; • how to ensure you meet the technical requirements; • how to cite references; • how to avoid plagiarism. You will find a set of broad guidelines to help overcome common problems with grammar, formatting, and use of abbreviations. This document is intended as an integral reference on matters of style and method. It will also help you further develop your written communication skills. The RMIT Business Guidelines are based on the Style manual for authors, editors and printers (2002), referred to here as Style manual (2002) which is published on behalf of the Commonwealth of Australia, and is the Commonwealth Government’s preferred style. The Style manual (2002) can be used to provide guidance on areas which are not covered in the RMIT Business document, but if there is any inconsistency you should follow the RMIT Business document. There may be certain other style requirements published in a course guide or indicated by the lecturer in charge. Examples used in this guide are presented in text boxes to make them easy to follow. Example of correct in-text reference using quotes ‘Whilst this work has been developing in the USA it had very different beginnings in Britain ‘ (Wright 1982, p. 51). Additional support and assistance with essay writing, writing style, and referencing can be found by viewing the Learning Lab <www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/lsu>. 1.1 Getting started Do not leave the task until the last minute. You are urged to consider the following advice in relation to written assessments: • Start thinking about the topic as soon as it has been selected and list the questions you believe you should try to answer. • Do background reading, but keep checking the set topic to ensure that you stay focused. • Place the topic of your answer within the appropriate context. For example, an essay question on the macroeconomic policies of a particular country will require you to define ‘macroeconomic’ before you can write about policies in different countries. So you may need to complete background reading before commencing the specific reading related to your written task. • What do you need to fully answer the question? Do you need to collect data, source more reading materials, analyse new or existing data? Where will you source this information? • Allow time to secure essential references, remembering most libraries often do not have sufficient multiple copies of references. Learn quickly to get the relevant information for your assignment, using the table of contents, chapter summaries, indexes and reviews. Always record the details of the publications in full for inclusion in your notes or plan in case you decide to refer to a source in your essay. • You should use all available research resources including the Internet and other electronic sources, to both save time and allow you to conduct international research and data gathering from home or work. However, in using these new technologies you must ensure that database resources, web pages, email, electronic discussion lists, etc. are properly acknowledged (see chapter 3 for electronic document referencing). 1.2 Editing Do not leave editing until the last minute, but leave sufficient time to rewrite work to improve your expression. Remove irrelevant or redundant material. Refine arguments to be more concise and forceful, and to remedy any other deficiencies. Hint: Often, the best way to ensure your writing flows systematically is to read your work aloud. Your natural pauses become your punctuation and paragraph breaks, and sometimes, while reading aloud, it becomes obvious what needs to be deleted and what is missing from your analysis. 1.3 Confidentiality If you include confidential and/or controversial material and do not wish your essay or report to be viewed by people other than RMIT staff, you should discuss this with your lecturer or course coordinator. 1.4 Referencing What is referencing? • Referencing means acknowledging someone else’s work or ideas. It is sometimes called ‘citing’ or ‘documenting’ another person’s work. • Referencing is a basic University requirement. As an RMIT Business student, you are required to use the Harvard referencing system as outlined in the following pages. This author date system is based on the Australian Government 2000, Style manual for authors, editors and printers, 6th edn, John Wiley & Sons, Australia. Note: The Harvard system has many variations. You must use this version known as the AGPS style. We have created an interactive website to assist you in the pursuit of referencing to the required standard. The site contains examples you can read as well as self help exercise with the information presented in a just in time format. It would be beneficial fore you to bookmark the RMIT Business online referencing resource. Why reference? • To draw on the ideas, language, data, and/or facts of others. (You are expected to read and research widely.) • To provide depth and support to academic work through citation of theories or key writers whose work supports your answer, argument, or contention. • To demonstrate knowledge of current thinking in the field. • To support academic writing, essays, business reports, and oral presentations. • To demonstrate your ability to synthesis and analyse ideas sourced through your research. • To acknowledge work from others that you have quoted, summarised, paraphrased, synthesised, discussed or mentioned in your assignments. • To provide a list of the publication details so that your readers can locate the source if necessary. • To demonstrate the level and breadth of research undertaken by a student. References used correctly will benefit your work and may add uploads/Industriel/ referencing-guide-rmit.pdf