RFID Selection Guide Interested in more product highlights and market updates f

RFID Selection Guide Interested in more product highlights and market updates from EBV Elektronik? Subscribe for our newsletter at www.ebv.com/newsletter. aBOUT EBV Elektronik EBV Elektronik, an Avnet (NYSE: AVT) company, was founded in 1969 and is the leading specialist in European semiconductor distribution. EBV maintains its successful strategy of personal commitment to customers and excellent services. 220 Technical Sales Specialists provide a strong focus on a selected group of long-term manufacturing partners. 110 continuously trained Application Specialists offer extensive application know-how and design expertise. Warehouse operations, complete logistics solutions and value-added services such as programming, taping & reeling and laser marking are fulfilled by Avnet Logistics, EBV’s logistical backbone and Europe’s largest service centre. EBV operates from 59 offices in 27 countries throughout EMEA (Europe – Middle East – Africa). For more information about EBV Elektronik, please visit www.ebv.com. 2 What is RFID? First of all, RFID is the abbreviation for Radio Frequency IDentification. An RFID system serves to identify • People (access control) • Objects (logistics) • Places (transport systems) • Transactions (payment systems) RFID essentially performs the same tasks as the widespread barcode or magnetic strip, but offers several advantages as a successor technology: • No direct line of sight required • Read/Write functionality • Different memory sizes / technologies available • Security features available • Multiple tags can be read simultaneously • Works in harsh environment How does RFID work? RFID technology is based on the transfer of data by means of electromagnetic fields – in other words, by radio. Information about an object is stored on a data carrier, known as a transponder or tag, which is attached to the object. This transponder consists of an antenna and a chip containing the individual object data. This information can either be All statements are without any engagement. Subject to modifications and amendments. | P-049-E-09-2010-v1 Version 1, September 2010 RFID Selection Guide Foreword The increasing flow of goods globally, more and more demanding requirements for traceability, and the necessity for more efficient production processes call for an information system with which packages or products can be clearly and reliably identified and accompanied by specific data. RFID offers these capabilities. As a result, an increasing number of companies are relying on this technology, which is already being used in billions of applications including those for car immobilisers, tickets for buses and stadia or for building access control. These applications have one thing in common, that is that they are supported by an overall concept for various hardware components and software. EBV, with its considerable product portfolio and an extensive network of partners, can fulfill an important role here. The EBV specialists can assist in determining the potential of RFID especially for small and medium-sized businesses by helping with the selection of the correct components and work with the users to develop a tailored system solution. EBV’s international presence in EMEA is important in this respect, as it enables the selection of the right products and partners even beyond national borders. Our RFID specialists receive on-going training and, where necessary, have access to the expertise of our partners, component manufacturers and systems vendors. We are intermediaries for the necessary RFID technology and required expertise as well as being system providers with comprehensive solutions. These capabilities benefit small and large corporations alike. We want to make the introduction of RFID technology that much easier. Only then can the full potential of RFID technology be reached. Christian Krieber Vertical Segment Manager for RFID – Europe Together with our supplier and partner network, EBV is able to offer a comprehensive solution for our customers. On top of supplying the right hardware, we can offer the support of our partners if special software or system integration is needed. For our customers this means to have a single point of contact, starting from the design-in phase up to the roll- out of a product or installation. EBV is RFID. End Consumer Application Consultancy Systems & Software Integration HW Integ- ration Sys Ref Des Tag/Label Reader Terminal Inlay Reader Module Reader IC Die/Wafer 3 object-related data or simply a unique serial number that creates the connection to the actual data in a database. As with the barcode, the data carrier is attached to the object and allows the information to be read at any time or altered as desired. To do this, the tag communicates with the read/ write station, commonly known as the reader. Active/passive There are generally two types of transponders: active and passive. Active transponders have their own power supply in the form of a battery. This enables them to transmit at higher power levels and thus be read or written at greater distances (up to and over 100 m). As a result, these tags are relatively large and, due to the technology, more expensive than passive transponders. Passive transponders obtain their energy from the electro- magnetic field of the reading device. This means that they do not require their own power supply, which makes these transponders very small and economical. The right frequency for every application As well as their technology – active or passive – RFID systems also differ in terms of the frequency range in which they operate. There are three well established frequencies worldwide. Low frequency (LF): <135 kHz High frequency (HF): 13.56 MHz Ultra high frequency (UHF): 850...960 MHz The type of application determines the frequency range. The right hardware for every application Hardware requirements differ from application to application. Apart from factors such as price, size and antenna type, there are other decisions to be made such as whether to develop a reader in-house based on a reader IC or to buy ready-made modules or even ready-made readers. Whatever the application, EBV can supply the appropriate hardware. The selected frequency range also has a decisive influence on the appearance of the actual data carriers – the transponders. Common formats are: • Glass • Coin-shaped • Rod • Cards • Key fobs • Labels • Inlays • IC housings Low frequency systems These systems are particularly well-suited to industrial use. The tags generally consist of wire coils and are embedded in a stable glass or plastic housing. 100 kHz LF MF HF VHF UHF 120 ~ 134 kHz 13.56 MHz 2.45 GHz 1 MHz 10 MHz 100 MHz 1 GHz 10 GHz Low Frequency (ISO11784/5, ISO14223) High Frequency (ISO15693, ISO14443, ISO18000-3) UHF (ISO18000-6, EPC Gen2) 850 ~ 960 MHz (Europe/US/Japan) 5.8 GHz Characteristics • Well-defined magnetic field • Works well near metal • Able to read through materials • Unaffected by water • Low data rates • Tags are more expensive than those for higher frequencies Antenna Transponder Read/Write Station Contact EBV’s RFID Specialists rfid@ebv.com www.ebv.com/rfid Order ‘The Quintessence of RFID Technology’: www.ebv.com/tqrfid 4 Summary Frequency LF 120 ~ 134 kHz HF 13.56 MHz UHF 850 ~ 960 MHz Read Range 0.5 ~ 1 m < 1 m > 3 m Cost Relatively expensive Less expensive Least expensive Penetration of Materials Excellent Poor Affected by Water? No To some extent Yes Antenna Coil Coil Dipole, Slot Data Rate Slower Faster Reading Multiple Tags Poor Good Very Good Applications Immobilisers, industrial- identification “Pharma”, libraries brand protection, tickets, payments, passports Pallet/case tracking, tolls bag- gage tracking, PCB tracking Important points when selecting Reading Distance • Proximity (<10 cm) • Vicinity (<1 m) • Long Range (>1 m) Material • The higher the frequency, the higher the influence of the material (water) • Metal environment? Memory • UID (serial number) • R/W (Read/Write) • OTP (One Time Programmable) • Multipage (several independent pages) • Segmentation/File Structure Frequency • 125/134 kHz (ISO11784/85) • 13.56 MHz (ISO15693, ISO14443) • 868/915 MHz (EPC) Security • Plain communication • Password protected read or write • Mutual authentication • Encrypted communication • Mutual authentication with encrypted communication and password protected read/write for different sectors Project scale • Quantity/Price of reader • Quantity/Price of tag High frequency systems These systems are characterised by greater ranges and higher reading speeds. Due to the higher data rate, tags with more storage and/or security functions are used here. The design of these transponders is relatively simple and they are therefore cheap to produce. 100 kHz LF MF HF VHF UHF 120 ~ 134 kHz 13.56 MHz 2.45 GHz 1 MHz 10 MHz 100 MHz 1 GHz 10 GHz Low Frequency (ISO11784/5, ISO14223) High Frequency (ISO15693, ISO14443, ISO18000-3) UHF (ISO18000-6, EPC Gen2) 850 ~ 960 MHz (Europe/US/Japan) 5.8 GHz Characteristics • Well-defined magnetic field • Signal passes through most materials, with the exception of metals – some attenuation occurs • Capable of simultaneous reading of multiple tags • Tags are mainly in label/ticket (flat) format UHF systems UHF systems are primarily used in warehousing and goods tracking, as they enable very high data transfer rates and long ranges of up to six metres. Due to the low amount of space required for the dipole antenna, this technology is also ideal for tracking circuit boards. Formats in a miniature IC housing can uploads/Industriel/ rfid-guide.pdf

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