BRITISH OVERSEAS STUDENT SOCIETYwww.muboss.cz HISTOLOGY:SLIDEGUIDEEdition One C

BRITISH OVERSEAS STUDENT SOCIETYwww.muboss.cz HISTOLOGY:SLIDEGUIDEEdition One Contents: 01. Labium oris (lip) 02. Apex linguae (top of tongue) 03. Papilla circumvallata 04. Tonsilla lingualis 05. Palatum molle 06. Tonsilla palatina 07. Tooth 08. Glandula parotis 09. Glandula submandibularis 10. Glandula sublingualis 11. Oesophagus 12. Cardia 13. Fundus ventriculi 14. Pylorus 15. Duodenum 16. Intestinum tenue 17. Intestinum crassum 18. Appendix 19. Hepar (liver) 20. Vesica fellea (gall bladder) 21. Pancreas 22. Epiglottis 23. Larynx 24. Trachea 25. Pulmo (lung) 26. Ren (kidney) 27. Urethra 28. Vesica urinalis (urinary bladder) 29. Testis 30. Epididymis 31. Funiculus spermaticus (spermatic cord) 32. Glandula vesiculosa (seminal vesicle) 33. Prostata 34. Penis 35. Ovarium, corpus luteum 36. Tuba uterina – ampulla 37. Tuba uterina – isthmus 38. Uterus – proliferative phase 39. Uterus – secretory phase 40. Vagina 41. Labium minus 42. Hypophysis cerebri 43. Epiphysis 44. Glandula thyreoidea 45. Glandula parathyreoidea 46. Corpus suprarenale 47. Thymus 48. Artery and Vein 49. Aorta 50. Vena cava 51. Myocardium 52. Lymphonodus 53. Lien (spleen) 54. Skin from the top of finger 55. Skin from the axilla 56. Skin with hairs 57. Nail 58. Mamma non lactans 59. Mamma lactans 60. Cortex cerebri 61. Cerebellum 62. Medulla spinalis (spinal cord) 63. Ganglion 64. Peripheral nerve 65. Anterior segment of the eye 66. Posterior segment of the eye 67. Palpebra 68. Auricle 69. Umbilical cord 70. Placenta 1. Labium oris Musculus Obicularis Oris is present (skeletal muscle) On the external surface is the skin with its adnexa On the inner surface is the mucosa (stratified squamous epithelium + lamina propria) and submucosa with mixed glands “Labial glands“). 2. Apex lingua Underneath the papillae, there are mucous and serous glands, pockets of adipose tissue, and a layer of skeletal muscle and connective tissue. The skeletal muscle is arranged in three different planes, which allows the tongue to perform a number of complex movements. 3. Papilla Circumvallata Surrounded by a deep furrow, where Ebners Glands open. Epithelia covering papilla (stratified squamous non-keratinizing). Taste buds are located on the lateral sides, in the epithelium. 4. Tonsilla lingualis A lymphatic structure that contains abundant germinal centers where immune cells undergo differentiation. Surface is covered with stratified squamous epithelium. 5. Soft palate: On the nasal side it is possible to see: – pseudostratified epithelium - lamina propria - submucosa with mixed glands “Nasal Glands“ 5. Soft palate: On the oral side it is possible to see: – lining mucosa of the mouth cavity - submucosa with mucous glands “Palatine Glands“ 5. Hard palate: Covered by masticatory mucosa (stratified squamous epithelium) Note bone at the top, mucosa at the bottom and a large amount of salivary tissue between. A short distance from the lamina propria there is a large duct. 6. Tonsilla palatina The tonsils share some histological features with lymph nodes: 1. Cells in the tonsils are supported by a fine network of reticular fibres 2. High-endothelial (postcapillary ~) venules function in the "homing" of circulating lymphocytes - this is actually a shared feature of all lymphoid tissues and organs. The palatine tonsils are surrounded by a thick hemicapsule of connective tissue, which delimits them from the pharyngeal muscle and facilitates their removal in tonsillitis. 7. Tooth Pulp – jelly-like connective tissue with blood capillaries and fine nerve fibers. Odontoblasts are located on the external surface. Dentin –shows fine striation, caused by dentin tubules (contain the cytoplasmic processes of odontoblasts); dentin is stained in red or red- violet color, except thin layer near the odontoblasts – predentin (is not calcified) and peripheral layer below cementum and enamel (is irregularly calcified), dentin is pale in this layers. Enamel – is not present in decalcified tooth (it dissolves during decalcification). Cementum – covers the root(s) of the tooth; the thickest layer is on the root apex(es); it is not possible to distinguish primary (acellular) and secondary (cellular; with cementocytes) cementum in the light microscope. Periodontium – bundles of collagenous fibers, which hold the dental root in bone alveolus (rarely present in slides). 8. Parotid Gland A, Serous acini; B, Striated ducts; C, Ecretory duct Parotid gland – only serous (alveolar = acinar) gland Only serous intercalated – striated – interlobular – main The gland is internally divided into lobules. Blood vessels and nerves enter the glands at the hilum and gradually branch out into the lobules. Consists of paired glands surrounded with a connective tissue capsule; septa running from the capsule separate the glandular parenchyma into lobes and lobules. Blood vessels, nerves and interlobular ducts are found in the connective tissue of septa. Parenchyma is composed of intralobular ducts and secretory portions of glands. They consists of connective tissue = capsule + septa and parenchyma of lobules = ducts + secretory portions 9.Submandibular Gland A, Mucous acini; B, Serous acini mixed (80 % serous) serous acini mucouse tubuli intercalated – striated – interlobular – main 10. Sublingual gland A, Mucous acini of sublingual gland mixed (80 % mucous) mucous tubuli + lunuly of Ginuzzi only: interlobular – main 11. Oesophagus The esophagus consists of three layers: mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis. The mucosa consists of epithelial lining containing nonkeratinizing, stratified squamous epithelium with a layer of basal and parabasal cells. This layer is naturally required to proliferate more often than other layers of the oesophagus in accordance to necessary cell loss. The sublayer, lamina propria, contains vessels, connective tissue, lymphatics, inflammatory cells and esophageal cardiac glands which are mucus secreting glands. The submucosa contains dense connective tissue with both lymph and blood vessels. Further esophageal mucus secreting glands are contained in the submucosa. The outer layer, the muscularis, consists of two muscle layers. The inner muscle layer fibers are arranged circumferentially and the outer layer, longitudinally. 12. Cardia On histological examination, the junction can be identified by the following transition.  nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium in the esophagus  simple columnar epithelium in the stomach The cardiac glands can be seen in this region. They can be distinguished from other stomach glands (fundic glands and pyloric glands) because the glands are shallow and simple tubular. 13.Fundus ventriculi (vertical section to the surface of mucosa, HE) A. Tunica mucosa – see areae gastricae and foveolae gastrice 1. lamina epithelialis mucosae – tall, simple columnar epithelium with secretory granules in the cell apexes, 2. lamina propria mucosae – areolar connective tissue with tubular glands - gll. gastricae propriae. In each gland, basis (near lamina muscularis mucosae), body and neck is distinguished; the gland is opened into the gastric pit throughout the neck. The cells of gll. gastricae: – chief cells - (pepsinogenous) - located predominantly at the basis, they have prismatic shape and basophilic cytoplasm, – parietal cells - (HCl cells) - in the body and below the neck, the cells are round triangular, their cytoplasm is strongly eosinophilic, – the cell of neck - light and columnar in the neck (their product is mucus), – endocrine cells - cannot be identified in slides stained with HE, 3. lamina muscularis mucosae – 2 layers of smooth muscle cells (inner - circular, outer - longitudinal). B. Tela submucosa - areolar connective tissue with vessels and nerves. C. Tunica muscularis (externa) – 3 layers of smooth muscle cells: oblique, circular and longitudinal layer. D. Tunica serosa: 1. simple squamous epithelium - mesotel, 2. lamina propria serosae – thin layer of collagenous connective tissue. 14. Pylorus deeper gastric pits, reticular conn. tissue, pyloric glands 15. Duodenum (longitudinal section through the wall, HE) A. Tunica mucosa – typical organization: villi intestinales; crypts of Lieberkühn 1. lamina epithelialis mucosae –simple columnar epithelium composed of absorptive cells and secretory cells (see descrition of the intestinum tenue) 2. lamina propria mucosae - reticular connective tissue with lymphatic nodules (formes underlying tissue of intestinal villi and surrounds the crypts of Lieberkühn), 3. lamina muscularis mucosae – smooth muscle tissue. B. Tela submucosa – loose connective tissue whith mucous glands – Brunner´s glands (an important signe of this part of small intestine!). C. Tunica muscularis (externa) - 2 layers of smooth muscle cells: inner circular and outer longitudinal. D. Tunica serosa – see description of the stomach. 16. Intestinum tenue - jejunum (longitudinal section through the wall, HE) Prior to study in microscope see plicae semicirculares Kerckringi, which are formed by mucosa and submucosa. A. Tunica mucosa – typical organization of the surface: villi intestinales - intestinal villi (their axis is made up of reticular connective tissue of lamina propria mucosae) with central lymphatic vessel (lacteal vessel) in each villus; crypts of Lieberkühn - tubular invagination among villi, their bases reach lamina muscularis mucosae: 1. Lamina epithelialis mucosae – tall, simple columnar epithelium composed of absorptive cells - enterocytes and secretory cells: – goblet cells - thei have cup-like shape, flattened nucleus and very pale cytoplasm containing mucus, goblet cells are diffused in the epithelium and their number increased in aboral direction, – cells of Paneth - round triangular or pyramidal shape, spherical nucleus, eosinophilic granules in cytoplazm, the cells are located only in basis of crypts of uploads/Ingenierie_Lourd/ histology-slide-guide.pdf

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• Publié le Mar 22, 2021
• Catégorie Heavy Engineering/...
• Langue French
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