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Higher Education Avoiding plagiarism and cheating A guide for students at Swinb

Higher Education Avoiding plagiarism and cheating A guide for students at Swinburne University of Technology (2nd edition) Marcia Devlin Higher Education Division A g u i d e f o r s t u d e n t s a t S w i n b u r n e U n i v e r s i t y o f Te c h n o l o g y I 1 How to use this guide This guide on plagiarism has been especially written for you – new and returning Swinburne students. It contains advice, ideas and resources to assist you in avoiding plagiarism while studying at Swinburne. The contents have come from a range of sources, including students and staff at the university. This guide has been written and given to you because plagiarism is a very serious matter that can result in very unpleasant consequences for your studies and career. Please take the time to understand the issues and advice given. The guide is quite long, but necessarily so because plagiarism is a complex issue and there are many components that need careful explanation and discussion. You are not expected to read the whole guide in one sitting, so use the Table of Contents on the next page, and the suggestions below, to help guide your reading. Specific suggestions for reading this guide Most students will probably find it helpful to start with the first section, ‘What is plagiarism?’ This provides a clear explanation of the main concepts of plagiarism and will help you recognise what plagiarism is. This section also contains frequently asked questions by students (with answers). The guide then provides specific advice on how to avoid plagiarism. Most students will find section 2.1, ‘General strategies for avoiding plagiarism’ helpful. After that, the specific parts of the guide most relevant to you will depend on the assessment you have been set for the subjects in which you are enrolled. For example, if you have been asked to participate in group work, section 2.3, ‘Specific strategies to ensure copying does not occur in group work’, will probably be helpful. Similarly, if your assessment requires scholarly research and writing, it would probably be wise to read section 2.4, ‘Specific strategies to avoid copying from the Internet and other text sources’, carefully. Avoiding plagiarism and cheating A guide for students at Swinburne University of Technology 2 I A v o i d i n g P l a g i a r i s m a n d C h e a t i n g Further advice and resources If plagiarism is an area that you have not heard much about before, it might be helpful for you to use other resources as well as this guide. Talk to your tutor or lecturer, or make use of the free and confidential services within Swinburne that are designed to help you learn how to undertake and produce work of an appropriate standard which is not plagiarised (see section 2.1.5 ‘Seek appropriate guidance and help early’). There are also many websites that have been created to help you develop the skills you will need to undertake scholarly work at a university level – these are listed in section 4, ‘Helpful resources’. All the best with your study at Swinburne! © 2005, Marcia Devlin, Higher Education Division, Swinburne University This Guide may be copied and used within Swinburne University of Technology. A g u i d e f o r s t u d e n t s a t S w i n b u r n e U n i v e r s i t y o f Te c h n o l o g y I 3 Table of contents 1. What is plagiarism? 5 1.1 Helpful definitions within the academic context 5 1.2 What does plagiarism look like? 7 1.3 Frequently asked questions (and answers) 12 2. How can I avoid plagiarism? 13 2.1 General strategies for avoiding plagiarism 13 2.1.1 Take responsibility for your learning 13 2.1.2 Educate yourself about plagiarism 14 2.1.3 Manage your time well, right from the start 14 2.1.4 Find out what is required to complete each assessment task 14 2.1.5 Seek appropriate guidance and help early 14 2.1.6 Ask for more time or Special Consideration if necessary 16 2.2 Specific strategies to avoid copying between students 16 2.2.1 Avoid copying from others 16 2.2.2 Specific advice for I. T. students 17 2.2.3 Ensure other students do not copy from you 18 2.3 Specific strategies to ensure copying does not occur in group work 19 2.3.1 Group work questions and answers 20 2.3.2 General advice for avoiding plagiarism in group work 20 2.4 Specific strategies to avoid copying from the Internet and other text sources 22 2.4.1 ‘Quoting’: Using the precise words of someone else to support your ideas or the point you are making 23 2.4.2 ‘Paraphrasing’: Reporting the ideas of someone else in your own words 23 2.4.3 How do I acknowledge that I have used someone else’s work or ideas? 24 2.4.3.1 The Harvard system 24 2.4.3.2 The Cambridge system 25 2.4.4 Why do I have to use these complicated methods and rules? 25 2.5 A final word on plagiarism 26 3. A final word on cheating 27 4. Helpful resources 28 4.1 Swinburne library 28 4.2 Ten useful websites 28 Avoiding plagiarism and cheating A guide for students at Swinburne University of Technology 4 I A v o i d i n g P l a g i a r i s m a n d C h e a t i n g A g u i d e f o r s t u d e n t s a t S w i n b u r n e U n i v e r s i t y o f Te c h n o l o g y I 5 This guide explains what is meant by plagiarism at Swinburne University of Technology (Higher Education). It also provides guidance on how to avoid plagiarism and cheating when undertaking assessment tasks. The information, suggestions and advice that follow will be useful to all students enrolled in university courses at Swinburne. The contents of this guide may be especially useful if you are an international student and unfamiliar with Australian university education assessment practices. 1. What is plagiarism? P u t s i m p l y, p l a g i a r i s m i s c h e a t i n g . In essence, plagiarism is ‘stealing’ intellectual material. It can take many forms. Three of these forms are discussed in this guide. Before these three types of plagiarism are discussed in detail, it will be helpful to clarify some definitions. 1.1 Helpful definitions within the academic context The words discussed below have particular meanings in an academic context, that is they have a particular meaning when used in relation to university study generally, and plagiarism in particular. All the words below are used more loosely in common speech, where they have different meanings to the ones here. Here are the meanings of the six most important terms: Quote: To quote is to reproduce, in your own written work, the precise words that someone else has written or spoken. A quotation (or ‘quote’) is the reproduction of original material within your work. (See section 2.4.1 for more detail about how to quote properly). Paraphrase: To paraphrase means to re-phrase or rewrite, in your own words, the words or ideas of others within your own written work. A paraphrase is the rephrased or rewritten material within your own work. (See section 2.4.2 for more detail about how to paraphrase properly). Avoiding plagiarism and cheating A guide for students at Swinburne University of Technology 6 I A v o i d i n g P l a g i a r i s m a n d C h e a t i n g Reference: This word has three meanings, all of which are important. The first is a verb: to reference is to provide an acknowledgement, within your assignment, that the words used, or the ideas written about, in your work are not your own and belong to someone else. (See section 2.4.3 for more detail about how to do this properly). The second meaning is also a verb: to reference is to provide an acknowledgement, at the end of your assignment, of the original sources from which your quotes and paraphrases were taken. This second acknowledgement usually comes in the form of a list of all the original sources used for your assignment. Ask your tutor, lecturer or Subject Convenor for guidelines or examples that show how to do this in each subject. The third meaning is a noun: each of the original sources you have used is called a ‘reference’. Cite: This word usually has the same meaning as ‘Reference’. You ‘cite’ a uploads/Litterature/ plagiarism-guide.pdf