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Gams users guide 1 GAMS ?? A User ? s Guide Tutorial by Richard E Rosenthal c GAMS Development Corporation Washington DC USA C CTable of Contents Introduction Motivation Basic Features of GAMS General Principles Documentation Portability User Interface Mo

GAMS ?? A User ? s Guide Tutorial by Richard E Rosenthal c GAMS Development Corporation Washington DC USA C CTable of Contents Introduction Motivation Basic Features of GAMS General Principles Documentation Portability User Interface Model Library Organization of the Book A GAMS Tutorial by Richard E Rosenthal Introduction Structure of a GAMS Model Sets Data Data Entry by Lists Data Entry by Tables Data Entry by Direct Assignment Variables Equations Equation Declaration GAMS Summation and Product Notation Equation De ?nition Objective Function Model and Solve Statements Display Statements The ? lo l up m ? Database Assignment of Variable Bounds and or Initial Values Transformation and Display of Optimal Values GAMS Output Echo Prints Error Messages Reference Maps Equation Listings Model Statistics Status Reports Solution Reports Summary GAMS Programs Introduction The Structure of GAMS Programs Format of GAMS Input Classi ?cation of GAMS Statements C TABLE OF CONTENTS Organization of GAMS Programs Data Types and De ?nitions Language Items Characters Reserved Words Identi ?ers Labels Text Numbers Delimiters Comments Summary Set De ?nitions Introduction Simple Sets The Syntax Set Names Set Elements Associated Text Sequences as Set Elements Declarations for Multiple Sets The Alias Statement Multiple Names for a Set Subsets and Domain Checking Multi-dimensional Sets One-to-one Mapping Many-to-many Mapping Summary Data Entry Parameters Scalars Tables Introduction Scalars The Syntax An Illustrative Example Parameters The Syntax An Illustrative Examples Parameter Data for Higher Dimensions Tables The Syntax An Illustrative Example Continued Tables Tables with more than Two Dimensions Condensing Tables Handling Long Row Labels Acronyms The Syntax Illustrative Example Summary Data Manipulations with Parameters Introduction The Assignment Statement Scalar Assignments Indexed Assignments Using Labels Explicitly in Assignments CTABLE OF CONTENTS Assignments Over Subsets Issues with Controlling Indices Extended Range Identi ?ers in Assignments Acronyms in Assignments Expressions Standard Arithmetic Operations Indexed Operations Functions Extended Range Arithmetic and Error Handling Summary Variables Introduction Variable Declarations The Syntax Variable Types Styles for Variable Declaration Variable Attributes Bounds on Variables Fixing Variables Activity Levels of Variables Variables in Display and Assignment Statements Assigning Values to Variable Attributes Variable Attributes in Assignments Displaying Variable Attributes Summary Equations Introduction Equation Declarations The Syntax An Illustrative Example Equation De ?nitions The Syntax An Illustrative Example Scalar Equations Indexed Equations Using Labels Explicitly in Equations Expressions in Equation De ?nitions Arithmetic Operators in Equation De ?nitions Functions in Equation De ?nitions Preventing Unde ?ned Operations in Equations Data Handling Aspects of Equations Model and Solve Statements Introduction The Model Statement The Syntax Classi ?cation of Models Model Attributes The Solve Statement The Syntax Requirements for a Valid Solve Statement Actions Triggered by the Solve Statement Programs with Several Solve Statements Several Models C TABLE OF CONTENTS Sensitivity or Scenario Analysis Iterative Implementation of Non-Standard Algorithms Making New Solvers Available with GAMS GAMS Output Introduction The Illustrative Model Compilation Output Echo Print of the Input File The Symbol Reference Map The Symbol Listing Map The Unique Element Listing - Map Useful Dollar Control Directives Execution Output Output