Mechanical Inspection Guide AUGUST 2011 MECHANICAL INSPECTION GUIDE 1 Mechanica

Mechanical Inspection Guide AUGUST 2011 MECHANICAL INSPECTION GUIDE 1 Mechanical Inspection Guide Mechanical Inspection Guide Mechanical Inspection Guide MECHANICAL INSPECTION GUIDE 2 MECHANICAL INSPECTION GUIDE 3 Mechanical Inspection Guide Mechanical Inspection Guide Legal Deposit: 4th quarter 1999 Bibliothèque nationale du Québec ISBN — 2-550-33776-X Published by the Quebec Safety League under the supervision of the Société de l’assurance automobile du Québec, which is responsible for the content. August 2011 Reproduction in whole or in part of this publication and its communica- tion by whatever means is allowed, on condition this is strictly for non- commercial ends and the source is clearly indicated. © Société de l’assurance automobile du Québec Please address suggestions or comments to: Service de la sécurité et de l’ingénierie des véhicules Société de l’assurance automobile du Québec C.P. 19600, C-4-21 333, boulevard Jean-Lesage Québec (Québec) G1K 8J6 Mechanical Inspection Guide MECHANICAL INSPECTION GUIDE 4 MECHANICAL INSPECTION GUIDE AVANT-PROPOS 5 Mechanical Inspection Guide As part of its highway safety mandate, the Société de l’as- surance automobile du Québec established a mechanical inspection program for road vehicles. The present guide sets forth the inspection procedures and standards applicable to most vehicles. Designed as a quick reference tool for mechanics and highway carrier enforcement officers, it describes mechanical inspection procedures as well as the minor and major defects most likely to be encountered. The contents of this guide are drawn from the Highway Safety Code and the Regulation respecting safety stan- dards for road vehicles. We therefore encourage users to consult the Code and Regulation for all legal questions. FOREWORD We would like to thank the Direction de la coordination des opérations de contrôle routier and the following asso- ciations for their invaluable advice: ❚Association du camionage du Québec ❚Association des propriétaires d’autobus du Québec ❚Association des mandataires en vérification mécanique ❚Association du transport écolier du Québec Foreword MECHANICAL INSPECTION The SAAQ has implemented various measures to protect the public against the risks inherent in use of the road, one of which is to ensure that vehicles using Québec roads are mechanically safe. Therefore, certain types of vehicle are required to undergo a sporadic or periodic mechanical inspection. Limits of the technical appraisal The technical appraisal is a legal requirement. It consists of a visual inspection of the compo- nents listed in this guide. To find out whether your vehicle is mechanically safe, we highly rec- ommend that you submit it to a mechanical inspection by your mechanic as well. MECHANICAL INSPECTION GUIDE TABLE OF CONTENTS 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS General Information 8 Section 1 LIGHTS AND SIGNALS 9 1.1 Headlights, lights and reflectors 9 1.2 Electric cable, plug, connection, 12 socket, battery 1.3 Headlight alignment 13 Section 2 STEERING SYSTEM 19 General information 19 2.1 Steering wheel 19 2.2 Steering column and slip joint 20 2.3 Steering box or rack and pinion 21 2.4 Steering linkage 22 2.5 Power steering 24 2.6 King pin 25 2.7 Ball joints 26 Section 3 FRAME, UNDERBODY AND COUPLING DEVICE 29 3.1 Frame and underbody 29 3.2 Load space 31 3.3 Landing gear 31 3.4 Sliding bogie 32 3.5 Upper coupler 33 3.6 King pin 33 3.7 Turntable platform 34 3.8 Fifth wheel 34 3.9 Other coupling devices 36 Section 4 SUSPENSION 39 Section 5 BRAKES 47 General Information 47 5.1 Parking brake 47 5.2 Hydraulic braking system 48 5.3 Anti-lock braking system 52 5.4 Electromagnetic braking system 52 5.5 Air braking system and components 53 5.6 Working order of air braking system 54 5.7 Working order of mechanical 56 components and air braking system 5.8 Disc brakes 59 5.9 Drum brakes 61 Section 6 FUEL AND ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEMS 63 6.1 Fuel system 63 6.2 Engine control system 65 Section 7 EXHAUST SYSTEM 67 Section 8 WINDOWS AND REARVIEW MIRRORS 69 8.1 Windows 69 8.2 Rearview mirrors 70 Section 9 ACCESSORIES 71 9.1 Sun visor 71 9.2 Horn 71 9.3 Windshield wipers and washer fluid 71 9.4 Heater system and defroster 72 9.5 Engine start out of gear 72 9.6 Speedometer and odometer 72 9.7 Indicator lights or gauges on school buses 72 9.8 Retractable stop sign in school buses 73 9.9 Clutch control 73 9.10 First-aid kit and chemical fire 73 extinguisher in school buses 9.11 Crossing control arm on school buses 73 9.12 Drive shaft 73 Table of Contents ■ Minor defect ■ Major defect Passenger vehicles and light trucks only: Trailers and semi-trailers only: Straight-body trucks only: Truck tractors only: School buses and minibuses only: Motor coaches only: City buses only: Dump trucks only: MECHANICAL INSPECTION GUIDE TABLE OF CONTENTS 7 Section 10 TIRES AND WHEELS 75 10.1 Tires 75 10.2 Wheels 78 Section 11 BODY 81 General Information 81 11.1 Engine hood 81 11.2 Tilt cab 82 11.3 Bumpers 82 11.4 Cab door 83 11.5 Door or cover of load space 83 11.6 Cab floor 83 11.7 Load space 83 11.8 Air bag and seat belts 84 11.9 Seats and bench seats 84 11.10 Service and exit doors 85 11.11 Emergency exit 85 11.12 Interior equipment 86 11.13 Equipment for transporting 86 persons with disabilities Appendix 1 Pressure Conversion Table 87 Appendix 2 Length Conversion Table 88 Appendix 3 Special Information Regarding Windows 89 Alphabetical index 90 English/French Glossary 91 French/English Glossary 92 KEY A pictogram in the margin means that this provision applies to this category of vehicle only. Key MECHANICAL INSPECTION GUIDE GENERAL INFORMATION 8 PRECEDENCE OF MANUFACTURER’S STANDARDS UNITS OF MEASUREMENT CONDITIONS FOR MECHANICAL INSPECTION SAFETY RULE The inspection procedures and compliance criteria described in this guide may not apply to certain vehicles, in which case the vehicle manufacturer’s standards shall take precedence. General Information Imperial measures are indicated in parentheses for infor- mation purposes and have no legal substance. An inspection agent may refuse to inspect a vehicle where dirt or other obstructing matter (ice, grease, rust, etc.) pre- vents a complete visual inspection of all vehicle compo- nents. The vehicle must be without a load. The client may clean his vehicle himself and then come back for an inspection or, with the client’s permission and at his expense, the agent may clean the dirty or obstructed components before proceeding with the inspection. To ensure that the vehicle does not move unexpectedly during inspection, wheel chocks should be placed in front of and behind the drive axle on the driver’s side of the vehi- cle or, in the case of a tandem axle, between the axles. Put the gearshift lever in “N” (Neutral), release the parking brake and turn the ignition switch to the “ON” position. Never go underneath a vehicle with its engine running. General Information LIGHTS AND SIGNALS SECTION 1 9 PARTS AND PROCEDURES DESCRIPTION OF DEFECT Perform a visual inspection of the following headlights and lights to make sure they are in proper working order. Check each position using the control lever. Make sure the headlights, lights and reflectors are firmly attached to their anchorage by gently pushing them in all directions. N.B.: Subject to restrictions expressly provided for in the Highway Safety Code, owners may install additional lights or headlights on their vehicle provided those required by the Code are present and of the proper colour (e.g. amber lights at the rear of semi-trailers that remain lit except when flashing). N.B.: See the drawings at the end of this section for the placement and colour of required lights. General Information: ■ The required headlights, lights or reflectors are not present or are not mounted in the locations designed for that purpose. ■ A headlight or light does not function or does not shine with the intensity specified by the manufacturer. ■ A headlight, light, lens or reflector is missing, broken or cracked so as to let water in, or is loose, dis- coloured, painted over or of the wrong colour. ■ A device or material is mounted on or affixed to the vehicle, a headlight, light or lens so as to hide or dim the light. a) Headlights Make sure the high and low beams are functioning properly. If the vehicle is equipped with retracting headlight bases or headlight shutters, make sure they are working properly as well. Check headlight alignment using either a screen as described on pages (13 and 14) or specially designed instruments provided with the vehicle (e.g. levels). ■ One of the headlights is not the required colour (white). ■ The high-beam indicator light does not work. ■ Headlight alignment does not comply with standards. ■ A headlight cover or shutter does not open properly, does not completely withdraw to expose the head- lights or does not remain in the fully open position when the headlights are on. ■ The vehicle does not have at least one low-beam headlight that works. 1.1 HEADLIGHTS, LIGHTS AND REFLECTORS Section 1 Lights and Signals Section 1 Lights and Signals Section 1 Lights and Signals LIGHTS AND SIGNALS SECTION 1 10 PARTS AND PROCEDURES DESCRIPTION OF DEFECT b) Front and rear parking lights and rear reflectors N.B.: The rear of uploads/Societe et culture/ inspection-guide.pdf

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