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Plastics guide INSTITUTE FOR AGRICULTURE AND TRADE POLICY ?? FOOD AND HEALTH PROGRAM Smart Plastics Guide Healthier Food Uses of Plastics For Parents and Children Plastics are widely used to store and package foods and beverages Uses include disposable an

INSTITUTE FOR AGRICULTURE AND TRADE POLICY ?? FOOD AND HEALTH PROGRAM Smart Plastics Guide Healthier Food Uses of Plastics For Parents and Children Plastics are widely used to store and package foods and beverages Uses include disposable and reusable containers plastic wraps cutlery water bottles and baby bottles Plastic is convenient lightweight unbreakable and relatively inexpensive However there are both environmental and health risks from the widespread use of plastics Environmental problems Most plastics are made from petroleum a non-renewable and mostly imported resource Plastic packaging also creates unnecessary waste Although plastic is lightweight it is bulky so it takes up a large volume of land ?ll space Health risks Use of plastics in cooking and food storage can carry health risks especially when hormone-disrupting chemicals from some plastics leach into foods and beverages Plastic manufacturing and incineration creates air and water pollution and exposes workers to toxic chemicals Choose less polluting products to reduce exposure to chemcials from plastics What plastic labels mean Not all containers are labeled and a recycling symbol on a product doesn ? t mean it ? s recyclable Commonly only and with narrow necks are recyclable but some communities recycle other plastics with narrow necks Check with your local municipality or waste disposal company PETE Polyethylene terephthalate ethylene used for soft drink juice water detergent cleaner and peanut butter containers HDPE High density polyethylene used in opaque plastic milk and water jugs bleach detergent and shampoo bottles and some plastic bags PVC or V Polyvinyl chloride used for cling wrap some plastic squeeze bottles cooking oil and peanut butter jars detergent and window cleaner bottles LDPE Low density polyethylene used in grocery store bags most plastic wraps and some bottles PP Polypropylene used in most Rubbermaid deli soup syrup and yogurt containers straws and other clouded plastic containers including baby bottles PS Polystyrene used in Styrofoam food trays egg cartons disposable cups and bowls carryout containers and opaque plastic cutlery Other Usually polycarbonate used in most plastic baby bottles -gallon water bottles ??sport ? water bottles metal food can liners clear plastic ??sippy ? cups and some clear plastic cutlery New bio-based plastics may also be labeled PVC The toxic plastic Polyvinyl chloride also known as vinyl or PVC poses risks to both the environment and human health PVC is also the least recyclable plastic ? Vinyl chloride workers face elevated risk of liver cancer ? Vinyl chloride manufacturing creates air and water pollution near the factories often located in low-income neighborhoods ? PVC needs additives and stabilizers to make it useable For example lead is often added for strength while plasticizers are added for exibility These toxic additives contribute to further pollution and human exposure ? Dioxin in air emissions from PVC manufacturing and disposal or from incineration of PVC products settles on grasslands and accumulates in meat and dairy products and ultimately in human tissue Dioxin is a known carcinogen Low-level exposures are associated with decreased birth weight learning and behavioral problems