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Alexander foundations in north iranian lands die alexandergruendungen in den nordiranischen laendern

COLLOQUIA ANTIQUA ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? THE PERIPHERY OF THE CLASSICAL WORLD IN ANCIENT GEOGRAPHY AND CARTOGRAPHY Edited by ALEXANDER V PODOSSINOV PEETERS LEUVEN ?? PARIS ?? WALPOLE MA CTABLE OF CONTENTS Series Editor ? s Introduction ?? Gocha R Tsetskhladze VII Preface ?? Alexander V Podossinov IX List of Illustrations XI CHAPTER Introduction The Periphery of the Classical World as Seen from the Centre Mastering the Oikoumene Alexander V Podossinov CHAPTER Sail-free via Malea üpèr Maléan The Wind from Kaikos in the Cultural and Military Context of the Eastern Mediterranean of the Second Half of the nd Millennium BC Nikolai N Kazansky CHAPTER Centre et périphérie dans les mappemondes grecques Francesco Prontera CHAPTER Mapping the Edges of the Earth Approaches and Car- tographical Problems Pascal Arnaud CHAPTER The Oxus and the Caspian Sea in the Ancient Geo- graphy of the Classical World Igor V Pyankov CHAPTER Figuren eines Erdteils Das Afrika der Alten Pietro Janni CHAPTER Pomponius Mela ? s Chorography and Hellenistic Scien- ti ?c Geography Dmitry A Shcheglov CHAPTER Die Alexandergründungen in den Nordiranischen L? n- dern im Lichte der geographischen Tradition der Antike Marek Jan Olbrycht CVI TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER The Northern Black Sea Region in the Geography of Strabo Lubov I Gratsianskaya CHAPTER The Indians in Northern Europe On the Ancient Roman Notion of the Con ?guration of Eurasia Alexander V Podossinov CHAPTER Goidelic Hydronyms in Ptolemy ? s Geography Myth behind the Name Grigory V Bondarenko List of Contributors Index CCHAPTER DIE ALEXANDERGRÜNDUNGEN IN DEN NORDIRANISCHEN L? NDERN IM LICHTE DER GEOGRAPHISCHEN TRADITION DER ANTIKE Marek Jan OLBRYCHT Abstract The present study deals mainly with Alexander ? s foundations in the northern part of the Iranian plateau In BC he initiated a large colonisation programme in Iran and Central Asia extended thereafter into India and Mesopotamia The focus here is principally on the following foundations Alexandropolis in Parthia Alexandria in Margiana Alexandria in Areia Herakleia in Areia Alexandria in Sakastan Alexandria Alexandropolis in Arachosia In the Babylonian and western Iranian satrapies Alexander left large occupation garrisons and military commanders strategoi This model was changed in Parthia with the appearance of the episkopoi ?? the king had basically given up on the system of occupation forces headed by strategoi This was the case with most of the satrapies of eastern Iran except Arachosia Colonisation in Asia was part of a grand political programme which Alexander proclaimed in BC in Parthia where the ?rst Asian colony was established Alexandropolis His chief aim in colonising Asia was to assure the military cohesion of his empire This is indicated with particular clarity by Curtius naming garrisons praesidia and newly founded cities urbes as the king ? s main strongholds In creating new cities Alexander saw them not only as military outposts but planned for them to develop into large centres of trade Das Studium der Kolonisation Alexanders des Gro? en im Orient besonders im iranischen und mittelasiatischen Raum d h in