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2 espeland amp yung quantification

SSI Social Science InformationEspeland and Yung research-article Special Issue Ethical dimensions of quanti ?cation Wendy Espeland Northwestern University USA Vincent Yung Northwestern University USA Social Science Information Vol ?? ? The Author s Article reuse guidelines sagepub com journals-permissions httpDs O dIo i o r g journals sagepub com home ssi Abstract The ethical dimensions of quanti ?cation are seldom analysed We examine three ethical features that are characteristic of quanti ?cation ?? its capacity to express or mediate power focus attention and shape opportunity structures We do so in the context of three recent examples of new types of quanti ?cation university rankings the racial classi ?cation of Asians in the US and facial recognition algorithms Our examples highlight the importance of understanding the varied and complex ways that quanti ?cation creates and organizes social relations and the e ?ect of this on multiple forms of inequality Keywords algorithms census ethics quanti ?cation rankigs Résumé Les dimensions éthiques de la quanti ?cation sont rarement étudiées Nous analysons ici trois particularités éthiques qui sont caractéristiques de la quanti ?cation ?? sa capacité à donner du pouvoir ou à servir d ? intermédiaire à ce dernier sa capacité à attirer notre attention et en ?n sa capacité à façonner des structures d ? opportunité Notre étude s ? appuie sur trois exemples récents de nouvelles formes de quanti ?cation les classements des universités la classi ?cation raciale des personnes asiatiques aux ÉtatsUnis et les algorithmes de reconnaissance faciale Nos exemples soulignent à quel point il est important de comprendre les manières diverses et complexes avec lesquelles la quanti ?cation crée et organise les relations sociales et leur e ?et sur les formes multiples d ? inégalité Corresponding author Vincent Yung Northwestern University ?? Sociology Chicago Avenue Evanston IL USA Email vincentyung u northwestern edu CEspeland and Yung Mots-clés algorithmes classements éthique quanti ?cation recensement Introduction Ethical questions engage with what people ought to do what actions bene ?t society the rights and obligations we owe one another and questions of fairness Because we use quanti ?cation to assess merit allocate scarce resources and represent ourselves to each other quanti ?cation demands an ethics But it is ethical consequences that are often neglected Espeland Espeland Stevens Sauder Espeland Espeland Sauder In this article we describe some broad features of numbers that call for an analysis of their ethical implications and focus on three ethical dimensions of quanti ?cation power attention and opportunity We illustrate these ethical dimensions with three contemporary examples including university rankings the racial classi ?cation of Asians in the US census and facial recognition algorithms These examples show how power is expressed and mediated through quanti ?cation and how it is justi ?ed who can participate in designing and implementing new quantitative technologies how discretion is curtailed and the terms under which groups advocate defend or resist the imposition of quanti ?cation With the dizzying pace at which new sources of data and new methods for analysing and exploiting