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Africa and the discovery of america iii

CCORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME OF THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND GIVEN IN BY HENRY WILLIAMS SAGE C CCornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text http www archive org details cu C C C C C C CAFRICA AND THE DISCOVERY of AMERICA VOLUME III By LEO WIENER PROFESSOR OF SLAVIC LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES AT HARVARD UNIVERSITY AUTHOR OF A COMMENTARY TO THE GERMANIC LAWS AND MEDIAEVAL DOCUMENTS CONTRIBUTIONS TOWARD A HISTORY OF ARABICO GOTHIC CULTURE HISTORY OF YIDDISH LITERATURE HISTORY OF THE CONTEMPORARY RUSSIAN DRAMA ANTHOLOGY OP RUSSIAN LITERATURE INTERPRETATION OF THE RUSSIAN PEOPLE TRANSLATOR OF THE WORKS OF TOLSTOY CONTRIBUTOR TO GERMAN RUSSIAN FRENCH ENGLISH AND AMERICAN PHILOLOGICAL PERIODICALS ETC ETC INNES SONS - N TWELFTH ST PHILADELPHIA PA MCMXXII CCopyright by Innes Sons CTABLE OP CONTENTS Page FOREWORD SOURCES QUOTED IX-XII XlII-XXI I THE HISTORY OF COPPER AND IRON - II THE GYPSIES IN EUROPE - III THE GYPSIES IN AFRICA - IV AFRICAN FETISHISM AND TOTEMISM - V THE BORI - VI FETISHISM AND SUFISM VII THE CARAIBS - - VIII THE AREYTO - IX FEATHERS AND MASKS - X THE CARAIB SOCIAL ORDER - XI THE BORATIO - XII THE MANDINGO ELEMENTS IN THE MEXI- CAN CIVILIZATION - XIII THE MEXICAN NEW YEAR - XIV CONCLUSIONS WORD INDEX - - SUBJECT INDEX - CLIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Griots African Dancing plates J Tarring and Feathering in Brazil plates Asante Stool African Almaizar Sudanic Armor Arabic Blazonry plates Mexican Blazonry Fetish Nama The Long-Nosed God Kuare Ceremonies African Chastisement Dasiri Tree Plate of the Bacabs Arabic adwal Mexican adwal Sudanic Rock Inscriptions plates Tuxtla Statuette plates The Spider in Mound-builder gorgets adwal Design in Africa plates Cadwal Design in Mound-builder gorgets plates adwal Design in Mexico plates Mexican Game of PatoUi Nanauatzin the Mexican God of Syphilis African Three-Pointed Altar plates The Rain God Tlaloc Conical Hat plates African Ball Game Arabic Hockey Sticks Mexican Ballground plates Opp Page O CFOREWORD No archaeologist no historian no philologist will be more startled by the data collected in this book than I have been in their discovery While I to a certain extent foresaw the end toward which the presence of Africans in America before Columbus must ultimately lead in the social and religious orders I did not allow myself in my ?rst two volumes to be in uenced by any such considerations but con ?ned myself to an analysis of the documentary evidence as to the American origin of cotton tobacco the bread roots and wampum When it became necessary similarly to subject the spiritual culture of the New World to a comparative study it turned out that the di ?culties in the way were far more serious than when I undertook to brush aside the accumulated misconceptions in regard to the material civihzation of pre-Columbian times Not only was the documentary proof scanty