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Opvl guide A Guide for Using Primary Source or Original Source Documents OPVL ?? Origins Purpose Values Limitations Courtesy of the UAIS IB program in Utica MI Origin Purpose Value and Limitation OPVL is a technique for analyzing historical documents It i

A Guide for Using Primary Source or Original Source Documents OPVL ?? Origins Purpose Values Limitations Courtesy of the UAIS IB program in Utica MI Origin Purpose Value and Limitation OPVL is a technique for analyzing historical documents It is used extensively in the International Baccalaureate curriculum and testing materials and is incredibly helpful in teaching students to be critical observers Origin In order to analyze a source you must ?rst know what it is Sometimes not all of these questions can be answered The more you do know about where a document is coming from the easier it is to ascertain purpose value and limitation The de ?nition of primary and secondary source materials can be problematic There is constant debate among academic circles on how to de ?nitively categorize certain documents and there is no clear rule of what makes a document a primary or a secondary source Primary ?? letters journals interviews speeches photos paintings etc Primary sources are created by someone who is the ?? ?rst person ? these documents can also be called ??original source documents ? The author or creator is presenting original materials as a result of discovery or to share new information or opinions Primary documents have not been ?ltered through interpretation or evaluation by others In order to get a complete picture of an event or era it is necessary to consult multiple ??and often contradictory ??sources Secondary ?? materials that are written with the bene ?t of hindsight and materials that ?lter primary sources through interpretation or evaluation Books commenting on a historical incident in history are secondary sources Political cartoons can be tricky because they can be considered either primary or secondary Tertiary ?? sources that consist of information which is a distillation and collection of primary and secondary sources Examples might include almanacs bibliographies also considered secondary chronologies dictionaries and encyclopedias also considered secondary and textbooks also can be secondary In some academic disciplines the distinction between a secondary and tertiary source is relative Other questions must be answered beyond whether the source is primary or secondary and will give you much more information about the document that will help you answer questions in the other categories Who created it Who is the author When was it created When was it published Where was it published Who is publishing it Is there anything we know about the author that is pertinent to our evaluation C Purpose This is the point where you start the real evaluation of the piece and try to ?gure out the purpose for its creation You must be able to think as the author of the document At this point you are still only focusing on the single piece of work you are evaluating Why does this document exist Why did the author create this piece of work What is the intent Why did the author choose this particular format Who is the intended audience Who was the author thinking would receive this What