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Nikolaev the story of dicere

The Story of Latin d cere Alexander Nikolaev nikolaev fas harvard edu According to a widespread view notably set forth in Benveniste ?? the root de ?? - originally meant ? to show to point out ? and secondarily developed the meaning ? to speak ? in Italic Lat d cere Osc deíkum ? to say ? Umbr deitu ? announce ? Benveniste argued that the use of de ?? - in the legal language played a decisive role in this process cf medes-di - Osc meddís s ? judge ? and ??e ??es-di - Lat i dex ? id ? Germanic cognates seem to support Benveniste ? s view Mod German zeihen ? to accuse ? The purpose of this paper is to o ?er an alternative to the current orthodoxy based on some hitherto unnoticed peculiar uses of de ?? - in several poetic traditions as well as some new etymologies Preliminaries the meaning of Latin d cere The verb d c ? is not quite synonymous with loquor ? speak talk ? rather d c ? generally belongs to the solemn language of poetry and oratory where it becomes closely allied with can ? Cic Orat quamquam aliud videtur oratio esse aliud disputatio nec idem loqui esse quod dicere ac tamen utrumque in disserendo est disputandi ratio et loquendi dialecticorum sit oratorum autem dicendi et ornandi Although a speech is one thing and a debate another and disputing is not the same as speaking and yet both are concerned with discourse ?? debate and dispute are the function of the logicians the orator ? s function is to speak ornately Catul a hymeneal sung by young men and women alternatively iam veniet virgo iam dicetur hymenaeus Hymen o Hymenaee Hymen ades o Hymenaee ? non temere exsiluere canent quod vincere par est Hymen o Hymenaee Hymen ades o Hymenaee now will come the bride now will be sung the Hymenaeus Hymen O Hymenaeus Hymen come O Hymenaeus nor without intent have they leapt forth what they will sing it is our task to surpass Hymen O Hymenaeus Hymen come O Hymenaeus This aspect of the semantics of d cere has been noticed before e g Jahn Newman it provides a convenient starting point for the present inquiry since in other Indo-European traditions the re exes of the root de ?? - are used in a surprisingly similar way Indo-Iranian da ?? ?- Vedic di ?- Avestan dis- While the meaning ? to show to point out ? is amply represented among the Sanskrit re exes of Indo-Iranian da ?? ?- the verbal root di ?- is sometimes found construed with nouns meaning ? song of praise ? RV prá távyaso námaükti ? turásya ahám p ? ?á utá v ?yór adik ?i y ? ? r ? ?dhas ? codit ? ? mat n ? ? ? y ? ? v ? ?jasya dravi ?od ? ? utá tmán I di ?-ed this homage to mightiest victorious