Remerciez-le!

Remerciez @Admin pour avoir partagé cet document gratuitement, de la manière la plus simple, en partageant sur les réseaux sociaux.

Engineering & Piping Design Guide Manual No. E5000 October 15, 2003 SMITH FIBER

Engineering & Piping Design Guide Manual No. E5000 October 15, 2003 SMITH FIBERCAST Fiberglass Reinforced Piping Systems INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION Smith Fibercast fiberglass reinforced epoxy and vinyl ester resin piping systems possess excellent corrosion resistance and a combination of mechanical and physical properties that offer many advantages over traditional piping systems. Smith Fibercast is recognized worldwide as a leading supplier of pip- ing systems for a wide range of chemical and industrial appli- cations. This manual is provided as a reference resource for some of the specific properties of Smith Fibercast’s piping systems. It is not intended to be a substitute for sound engineering prac- tices as normally employed by professional design engineers. Smith Fibercast has an international network of distributors and trained field personnel to advise on proper installation techniques. It is recommended they be consulted for assis- tance when installing Smith Fibercast piping systems. This not only enhances the integrity of the piping system, but also increases the efficiency and economy of the installation. Additional information regarding installation techniques is provided in the following Smith Fibercast installation manu- als: Manual No. F6000 Pipe Installation Handbook for Tapered Bell & Spigot Joints Manual No. F6080 Pipe Installation Handbook for Straight Socket Joints and Butt & Wrap Joints Manual No. F6300 Pipe Installation Handbook for Marine-Offshore Piping GENERAL POLICY STATEMENT It is the policy of Smith Fibercast to improve its products con- tinually. In accordance with that policy, the right is reserved to make changes in specifications, descriptions, and illustra- tive material contained in this manual as conditions warrant. The information contained herein is general in nature and is not intended to express any warranty of any type whatsoever nor shall any be implied. In providing this technical informa- tion, Smith Fibercast has not been retained as and does not assume the role of engineering consultant to any user or cus- tomer. Smith Fibercast does not accept and specifically dis- claims any responsibility or warranty for the design, specifica- tion, installation, or design performance of any fiberglass piping system. We suggest that you visit our website or con- tact your distributor representative to verify that the litera- ture and technical information is current. SAFETY This safety alert symbol indicates an important safety message. When you see this symbol, be alert to the possibility of personal injury. PIPING SYSTEMS Epoxy Resin Systems: · Z-CORE® (High Performance Resin) · CENTRICAST PLUS® RB-2530 · CENTRICAST® RB-1520 · GREEN THREAD® · GREEN THREAD Performance Plus · MARINE-OFFSHORE · GREEN THREAD 175 · GREEN THREAD 175 Conductive · GREEN THREAD 250 · GREEN THREAD 250 Cconductive · GREEN THREAD 250 Fire Resistant · RED THREAD® II · RED THREAD II Performance Plus · RED THREAD II JP · SILVER STREAK® (FGD Piping) · CERAM CORE® (Ceramic-lined Piping) · F-CHEM® (Custom Piping) · HIGH PRESSURE Line Pipe and Downhole Tubing* Vinyl Ester Systems: · CENTRICAST PLUS CL-2030 · CENTRICAST CL-1520 · CHEM THREAD® · F-CHEM (Custom Piping) Secondary Containment Systems: · DUALCAST® · CLAM SHELL * Available from FIBER GLASS SYSTEMS, A Varco Company, San Antonio, Texas Phone: (210) 434-5043 · FAX: (210) 434-7543 Website: http://www.starfiberglass.com ©Copyright 1982-2003, Varco L.P. ® and ™ Trademarks of Varco I/P, Inc. Smith Fibercast has developed a computer program specifically for our fiberglass products. This software program called Success By Design is available on our website at http://www.smithfibercast.com. i Engineering & Piping Design Guide Introduction ........................................................................i Piping System Selection...................................................1 SECTION 1 – Flow Properties .........................2 Preliminary Pipe Sizing ........................................................2 Detailed Pipe Sizing A. Liquid Flow ...............................................................2 B. Loss in Pipe Fittings..................................................4 C. Open Channel Flow...................................................5 D. Gas Flow....................................................................5 SECTION 2 – Above Ground System Design Using Supports, Anchors & Guides .................7 Piping Support Design A. Support Bracket Design ............................................7 B. Typical Guide Design................................................8 C. Anchor Design...........................................................9 D. Piping Support Span Design....................................11 SECTION 3 – Temperature Effects ................12 System Design.....................................................................12 Thermal Properties and Characteristics.............................12 Fundamental Thermal Analysis Formulas A. Thermal Expansion and Contraction......................13 B. Anchor Restraint Load............................................13 C. Guide Spacing..........................................................13 Flexibility Analysis and Design A. Directional Change Design .....................................13 B. Expansion Loop Design ..........................................14 C. Expansion Joint Design ..........................................14 D. Heat Tracing............................................................15 E. Thermal Conductivity .............................................16 F. Thermal Expansion in Buried Pipe.........................16 G. Pipe Torque due to Thermal Expansion.................16 SECTION 4 – Pipe Burial ................................17 Pipe Flexibility.....................................................................17 Burial Analysis A. Soil Types.................................................................17 B. Soil Modulus ...........................................................18 Trench Excavation and Preparation A. Trench Size..............................................................18 B. Trench Construction ...............................................18 C. Maximum Burial Depth ..........................................19 D. Roadway Crossing ..................................................19 Bedding and Backfill A. Trench Bottom........................................................20 B. Backfill Materials....................................................20 C. Backfill Cover..........................................................20 D. High Water Table ...................................................20 SECTION 5 – Other Considerations ..............21 A. Abrasive Fluids..............................................................21 B. Low Temperature Applications ....................................21 C. Pipe Passing Through Walls or Concrete Structures.......................................................21 D. Pipe Bending .................................................................21 E. Static Electricity............................................................22 F. Steam Cleaning.............................................................22 G. Thrust Blocks ................................................................22 H. Vacuum Service ............................................................22 I. Valves ...........................................................................22 J. Vibration .......................................................................23 K. Fluid (Water) Hammer.................................................23 L. Ultraviolet (U.V.) Radiation and Weathering..............23 M. Fungal, Bacterial, and Rodent Resistance ...................23 SECTION 6 – Specifications and Approvals ..................................................24 A. Compliance with National Specifications ....................24 B. Approvals, Listings, and Compliance with Regulations...........................................................24 APPENDICES Appendix A Useful Formulas..........................................27 Appendix B Conversions ................................................30 LIST OF TABLES Table 1.0 Typical Applications............................................1 Table 1.1 Flow Resistance K Values for Fittings................4 Table 1.2 Typical Liquid Properties ...................................4 Table 1.3 Typical Gas Properties........................................6 Table 2.0 Minimum Support Width ...................................7 Table 2.1 Saddle Length .....................................................8 Table 4.0 Recommended Bedding and Backfill................18 Table 4.1 Nominal Trench Widths....................................18 Table 6.0 ASTM 2310 Classification.................................24 Table 6.1 Classifying Fiberglass Flanges to ASTM D4024 ................................................25 Table 6.2 Classifying Fiberglass Pipe Using ASTM D2310 and Specifying Pipe Using ASTM D2996 and D2997.........................................................26 TABLE OF CONTENTS ii Engineering & Piping Design Guide PRODUCT SELECTION and APPLICATION PRODUCT SYSTEM SELECTION When selecting a piping system for a particular application, it is important to consider the corrosive characteristics of the media to which the pipe and fittings will be exposed, the nor- mal and potential upset temperatures and pressures of the system, as well as other environmental factors associated with the project. Fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) piping sys- tems provide excellent corrosion resistance, combined with high temperature and pressure capabilities, all at a relatively low installed cost. Smith Fibercast engineers, using epoxy, vinyl ester, and polyester resins, have developed a compre- hensive array of piping systems designed to meet the most de- manding application requirements. Piping systems are avail- able with liners of varying type and thickness, with molded, fabricated, or filament wound fittings, ranging in size from 1" to 84"(25 to 2134 mm) in diameter. TYPICAL APPLICATIONS Fiberglass piping is used in most industries requiring corro- sion resistant pipe. FRP piping is used in vent and liquid ap- plications that operate from -70°F to 300°F (-57°C to 149°C). Smith Fibercast piping systems use high grade resins that are resistant to acids, caustics or solvents. Abrasion resistant ma- terials can be used in the piping inner surface liner to en- hance wear resistance to slurries. Table 1.0 is a brief list of the many applications and industries where fiberglass piping has been used successfully. See Smith Fibercast Bulletin No. E5615 for a complete chemical resistance guide. Smith Fibercast piping systems can be installed in accordance with the ASME B 31.3 piping code. Second party listings from regulatory authorities such as Factory Mutual, NSF, UL/ULC, and marine registrars are in place on several of these piping systems. Industry Applications Chemical Petro Marine Pharma- Food Power Pulp and Waste Water Mining and Process Chemical Offshore ceutical Processing Plants Paper Treatment Metal Refining Aeration X Brine Slurry X Bottom Ash X Chemical Feed X X X X X X X Column Piping X Condensate Return X X X X X X X Conduit X X X X Cooling Water X X X X X Disposal Wells X X X X X DownholeTubing X X X & Casing Effluent Drains X X X X X X X X X Fire Mains X X X X X Flue Gas Desulfur- X ization Guttering & Down- X X X X spouts Oily Water X X X Scrubber Headers X X X Seawater X X X Slurry X X Vents X X X X X X X X Water X X X X X X X X Waste Treatment X X X X X X X X Buried Gasoline X TABLE 1.0 Typical Fiberglass Pipe Applications by Industry 1 Engineering & Piping Design Guide SECTION 1. FLOW PROPERTIES The smooth interior surface of fiberglass pipe, combined with inside diameters larger than steel or thermoplastic pipe of the same nominal diameter, yield significant flow advantages. This section provides design techniques for exploiting the flow capacity of fiberglass pipe. PRELIMINARY PIPE SIZING The determination of the pipe size required to transport a given amount of fluid is the first step in designing a piping system. Minimum recommended pipe diameters. Clear Liquids Eq. 1 Corrosive or erosive fluids Eq. 2 Where: d = Pipe inner diameter, inch Q = Flow rate, gal/min (gpm) Sg = Fluid specific gravity, dimensionless p = Fluid density, lb/ft3 Recommended maximum fluid velocities Clear fluids Eq. 3 Corrosive or uploads/s3/ design-guide-frp.pdf