Pilot’s Guide KTA870/ KMH880 B Traffic Advisory System/ Multi-Hazard Awareness

Pilot’s Guide KTA870/ KMH880 B Traffic Advisory System/ Multi-Hazard Awareness System Rev. 0 006-18265-0000 N The information contained in this manual is for reference use only. If any information contained herein conflicts with similar information contained in the Airplane Flight Manual Supplement, the information in the Airplane Flight Manual Supplement shall take precedence. WARNING Prior to export of this document, review for export license requirement is needed. COPYRIGHT NOTICE ©2000 Honeywell International Inc. Reproduction of this publication or any portion thereof by any means without the express written permission of Honeywell International Inc. is prohibited. For further information contact the Manager, Technical Publications; Honeywell; One Technology Center; 23500 West 105th Street; Olathe, Kansas 66061. Telephone: (913) 782-0400. KTA 870/KMH 880 Pilot's Guide Preliminary Rev 0 006-18265-0000 1 SYSTEM COMPONENTS TRAFFIC DISPLAYS: KMD 850 Compatible Radar Indicators via GC 362A, Compatible EFIS. TAS CONTROLS KMD 850 CP 66B TCAS I Controller Discretes KTA 870 & KA 815 W/ OPTIONAL OMNI. System Components KMU 820/KTA 810 Block Diagram 2 Preliminary Rev 0 006-18265-0000 INTRODUCTION TAS (an acronym formed from the phrase Traffic Advisory System) is an airborne system used for detecting and tracking aircraft near your own aircraft. TAS includes a TAS processor, antennas, a traffic dis- play and a means to control the system. The TAS processor and antennas detect and track other aircraft by interrogating their transponders. Aircraft detected, tracked, and displayed by TAS are referred to as Intruders. TAS analyzes the transponder replies to determine range, bearing and relative altitude, if the Intruder is report- ing altitude. Should the TAS processor determine that a possible colli- sion hazard exists, it issues visual and aural advisories to the crew. The visual advisory is shown by symbols on the traffic display. Complementing the traffic display, TAS provides appropriate synthe- sized voice announcements in the cockpit. A complete list of traffic symbols and announcements is given in the Theory of Operation and Symbology section of this Pilot’s Guide. TAS is unable to detect any Intruding aircraft without an operat- ing transponder. TAS can detect and track aircraft with either an ATCRBS (operating in Mode A or C) or Mode S transpon- ders. The traffic display shows the Intruding aircraft’s position. TAS identi- fies the relative threat of each Intruder by using various symbols and colors. The Intruder’s altitude, relative to your own aircraft’s altitude, is annunciated if the Intruder is reporting altitude. A trend arrow is used to indicate if the Intruder is climbing or descending more than 500 feet per minute. TAS traffic may be displayed on a weather radar indica- tor, on a dedicated TAS display, on a TAS compatible EFIS Display Unit or a TA/VSI (combination traffic display and vertical speed instru- ment). TAS modes and functions are controlled by switches located on a TAS control panel or in combination with various other controls. A description of controls is given in the Controls and Displays section of this Pilot’s Guide. ATC procedures and the “see and avoid concept” will continue to be the primary means of ensuring aircraft separation. However, if com- munication is lost with ATC, TAS adds a significant backup for colli- sion avoidance. Introduction KTA 870/KMH 880 Pilot's Guide Preliminary Rev 0 006-18265-0000 3 TAS: • Is compatible with the ATC System • Determines if a threat exists from ATCRBS or Mode S Transponder equipped aircraft • Provides display and audio announcement to the crew - Position information displayed on a traffic display - Synthesized voice • Incorporates sensor inputs and sophisticated algorithms to minimize nuisance visual and aural annunciations. EGPWS: Introduction 4 Preliminary Rev 0 006-18265-0000 Theory of Operation and Symbology THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK KTA 870/KMH 880 Pilot's Guide Preliminary Rev 0 006-18265-0000 5 SECTION I : THEORY OF OPERATION AND SYMBOLOGY SECTION I DESCRIBES TAS AND EGPWS THEORY OF OPERA- TION AND SYMBOLOGY. Theory of Operation and Symbology 6 Preliminary Rev 0 006-18265-0000 TAS OPERATION TAS monitors the airspace surrounding your aircraft by interrogating the transponder of the Intruding aircraft. The interrogation reply enables TAS to compute the following information about the Intruder: 1. Range between your aircraft and the Intruder. 2. Relative bearing to the Intruder. 3. Altitude and vertical speed of the Intruder, if the Intruder is reporting altitude. 4. Closing rate between the Intruder and your aircraft. Using this data TAS predicts the time to, and the separation at, the Intruder’s Closest Point of Approach (CPA). Should TAS predict that certain safe boundaries may be violated, it will issue a Traffic Advisory (TA) to alert the crew that closing traffic is nearby. TAS SENSITIVITY LEVEL TAS separates the surrounding airspace into two altitude layers. A different sensitivity threshold level for issuing TAs (traffic advisories) is applied to each altitude layer. Lower altitudes have less sensitive TA threshold levels to prevent unnecessary advisories in the higher traffic densities anticipated at lower flight levels, i.e., terminal areas. TAS has two sensitivity levels (SL) which are described in Table 1, TAS Sensitivity Levels. SL A is invoked using the following order of precedence: (1) when the TAS aircraft is below 2,000 feet AGL (if equipped with radio altimeter) OR (2) when the landing gear is Extended (no radio altimeter installed). SL B occurs under all other flight conditions. Table 2, Typical Traffic Advisory Conditions for Sensitivity Levels describes what conditions will cause a TA to be issued. If aircraft is not equipped with either a radio altimeter or retractable landing gear, TAS will stay in SL B at all times. Sensitivity Level DESCRIPTION SL A In sensitivity level A, TAS performs surveillance and tracking func- tions and provides traffic advisories. The conditions for sensitivity level A are any one of the following: (1) Own aircraft is in-flight and is below 2,000 feet AGL, if a radio altimeter is installed. (2) Own aircraft is in-flight and the Landing Gear is extended, if a radio altimeter is NOT installed. Theory of Operation and Symbology KTA 870/KMH 880 Pilot's Guide Preliminary Rev 0 006-18265-0000 7 SL B In sensitivity level B, TAS performs surveillance and tracking functions and provides traffic advisories. The conditions for sen- sitivity level B are based on own aircraft in-flight and: (1) If radio altitude source is installed and own aircraft altitude is above 2,000 feet AGL (radio altitude). (2) If radio altitude source is NOT installed and own aircraft has Landing Gear Retracted. (3) If the aircraft has a fixed landing gear and no radio altimeter is installed. Table 1: TAS Sensitivity Levels Sensitivity Level CONDITIONS FOR TRAFFIC ADVISORIES (TAs) SL A The following conditions cause TAS to generate a TA in sensitivi- ty level A: • TAS calculates that if current closing rate is maintained, sepa- ration of less than 600 feet in altitude between own and Intruder will occur in 20 seconds. • Separation between own and Intruder is less than 600 feet in altitude and less than 0.20 nautical mile range. • NAR (Non-Altitude Reporting) Intruder is within 15 seconds or 0.20 nautical mile range. SL B The following conditions cause TAS to generate a TA in sensitivi- ty level B: • TAS calculates that if current closing rate is maintained, separa- tion of less than 800 feet in altitude between own and Intruder will occur in 30 seconds. • Separation between own and Intruder is less than 800 feet in altitude and less than 0.55 nautical miles in range. • NAR (Non-Altitude Reporting) Intruder is within 20 seconds or 0.55 nautical mile range. Standby or Fail • TAs are not generated. Mode Table 2: Typical Traffic Advisory Conditions for Sensitivity Levels Theory of Operation and Symbology 8 Preliminary Rev 0 006-18265-0000 TAS SURVEILLANCE VOLUMES Surveillance volume is that volume of airspace within which other air- craft with Mode S or ATCRBS transponders are tracked by own air- craft’s TAS. (1) Range Tracking Volumes The shape and size of the range tracking volume is dependent on whether tracking is occurring on a directional or OMNI antenna and attenuation levels applied to the transmitted pulses from the TAS processor’s transmitter. The typical range tracking volume is pictured as a circle. The maximum range for TAS is 20 nm. TAS reduces range tracking volumes in high density areas to reduce the number of receptions to be processed by TAS and for interference limiting. TAS can track as many as 45 aircraft and displays up to 30 of them. (2) Altitude Tracking Volumes TAS tracks other transponder equipped aircraft that are within a rela- tive altitude of +/-9,000 feet. TAS AURAL INHIBITS TAS will inhibit the aural annunciation using the following order of precedence: (1) below 400 feet AGL (if equipped with radio altimeter) OR (2) when the landing gear is Extended (no radio altimeter installed). For installations aboard aircraft with fixed landing gear, the aural annunciation is never inhibited by the TAS processor. The aural annunciation is enabled above 600 feet AGL in aircraft equipped with a radio altimeter. Theory of Operation and Symbology KTA 870/KMH 880 Pilot's Guide uploads/Ingenierie_Lourd/ khm880-pilot-guide.pdf

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Ingénierie traffic altitude display aircraft intruder
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