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2015–16 California Physical Fitness Test O f f i c i a l s e a l o f t h e C a

2015–16 California Physical Fitness Test O f f i c i a l s e a l o f t h e C a l i f o r n i a D e p a r tment of Education Reference Guide n Description of Fitness Area Tests n Healthy Fitness Zones n Data Collection Requirements n Administration Tips n PACER Look-Up and Goal Setting Table December 2015 P r e p a r e d b y t h e California Department of Education Available on the California Physical Fitness Test Web site at http://www.pftdata.org/. 2 0 1 5 – 1 6 P h y s i c a l F i t n e s s t e s t ( P F t ) Overview The “2015–16 California Physical Fitness Test: Reference Guide” is designed to assist staff in all local educational agencies1 (LEAs) become familiar with the California Physical Fitness Test (PFT). This guide includes a detailed description of each fitness area tested, the related performance criteria, and suggestions for facilitating the administration of each test. It may be used in conjunction with the “FITNESSGRAM Fitness Areas, Test Options, and Equipment” chart found on the California Department of Education (CDE) PFT Program Resources Web page at http://www.cde.ca.gov/ta/tg/pf/pftresources.asp. Please note that this guide is not designed as a replacement for the FITNESSGRAM/ ACTIVITYGRAM Test Administration Manual2. Background The PFT provides information that can be used by students to assess and plan personal fitness programs; by teachers to design the curriculum of physical education programs; and by parents and guardians to understand their children’s fitness levels. This program also produces results that are used to monitor changes in the physical fitness of California students. By statute (California Education Code Section 60800), all LEAs in California are required to administer the PFT annually to all students in grades five, seven, and nine. The State Board of Education designated the FITNESSGRAM as the PFT for students in California public schools. The FITNESSGRAM is a comprehensive, health-related physical fitness battery developed by The Cooper Institute. The primary goal of the FITNESSGRAM is to assist students in establishing lifetime habits of regular physical activity. ITNESSGRAM 3 The FITNESSGRAM is designed to assess six key fitness areas that represent three broad components of fitness: (1) aerobic capacity, (2) body composition, and (3) muscle strength, endurance, and flexibility. The third component is further divided into four areas: abdominal strength and endurance, trunk extensor strength and flexibility, upper body strength and endurance, and flexibility. Performance Standards The FITNESSGRAM uses health-related standards to evaluate performance. The desired performance standard for each fitness-area test is the Healthy Fitness Zone (HFZ). This standard represents the level of fitness associated with good health. Students should strive to achieve a score within the HFZ for each fitness-area test. The FITNESSGRAM performance standards are updated on a regular basis. The current year standards should always be used and are included in tables throughout this reference guide and posted as stand-alone versions on the CDE PFT FITNESSGRAM: Healthy Fitness Zone Charts Web page at http://www.cde.ca.gov/ta/tg/pf/healthfitzones.asp. F 1 Throughout this manual, LEAs include school districts, county offices of education, and charter schools that are independent for assessment purposes (i.e., independent charter schools). 2 Throughout this manual, the FITNESSGRAM/ACTIVITYGRAM Test Administration Manual (Revised Updated Fourth Edition) is referred to as the FITNESSGRAM Test Administration Manual. 3 The FITNESSGRAM and Healthy Fitness Zone (HFZ) are registered trademarks of The Cooper Institute. 2015–16 California Physical Fitness Test Reference Guide 2 California Department of Education • December 2015 2 0 1 5 – 1 6 P h y s i c a l F i t n e s s t e s t ( P F t ) Each student’s performance is classified into the HFZ or other zones, depending on the fitness area, as follows: Aerobic Capacity n Healthy Fitness Zone n Needs Improvement n Needs Improvement – Health Risk Body Composition n Very Lean n Healthy Fitness Zone n Needs Improvement n Needs Improvement – Health Risk Muscle Strength, Endurance, and Flexibility n Healthy Fitness Zone n Needs Improvement The Needs Improvement, or NI, designation signifies a fitness area where the student’s score is not in the HFZ and where the student would benefit from physical activities designed to improve performance in the designated fitness area to achieve the HFZ. NI – Health Risk specifically indicates increased health risks due to the student’s level of fitness. It is also possible that some students’ scores exceed4 the HFZ. For Body Composition, this is designated on the FITNESSGRAM as in the Very Lean zone. It is important that students and their parents or guardians be aware if Body Composition scores place them in the Very Lean zone. Administration Videos PFT videos that comply with California Code of Regulations, Title 5, are provided for all thirteen of the FITNESSGRAM tests, as described in the current FITNESSGRAM Test Administration Manual. The videos are available on the Modules, Videos, and Training page of the California PFT Web site at http://www.pftdata.org/. Prior to watching these videos, PFT coordinators and physical education teachers should read this Reference Guide and test protocols, as described in the FITNESSGRAM Test Administration Manual, as the manual provides additional information not reflected in these videos. This Reference Guide describes the six fitness areas tested by the PFT. Following each description are tables that display the data collection requirements, the performance standards (i.e., HFZs) by age and gender, and, if available, the formulas used to generate the scores. 4 For Body Composition, the CDE considers students who exceed the HFZ as meeting the HFZ. 2015–16 California Physical Fitness Test Reference Guide 3 California Department of Education • December 2015 2 0 1 5 – 1 6 P h y s i c a l F i t n e s s t e s t ( P F t ) Fitness Areas and Tests Aerobic Capacity The Aerobic Capacity fitness area refers to the maximum rate that oxygen can be taken into and used by the body during exercise, which is reported as a VO2max5 score. A 90-second video that explains aerobic capacity and VO2 max is located on the CDE PFT Additional Resources Web page at http://www.cde.ca.gov/ta/tg/pf/resources.asp. Aerobic Capacity is considered important because of the research that associates good aerobic capacity in adults with a reduction in many health problems. Three test options are provided to estimate aerobic capacity: One-Mile Run, 20-meter (m) Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run (PACER), and Walk Test. All three Aerobic Capacity test options (e.g., One-Mile Run, 20m PACER, and Walk Test) are reported in terms of VO2max (Table 1). To calculate VO2max for the One-Mile Run, in addition to gender, age, and time, the student’s height and weight must be provided. The Walk Test requires the student’s weight along with gender, age, and the heart rate in beats per minute. The 20m PACER requires gender, age, and number of laps. For most students, the collection of their height and weight are probably already collected for calculating their Body Mass Index (BMI). The Cooper Institute has developed HFZ Look-Up Tables to allow teachers to quickly estimate the student’s BMI and VO2max scores for the One-Mile Run. These tables can be found on the Cooper Institute, Youth Zone, FITNESSGRAM, New FITNESSGRAM Healthy Fitness Zone Standards Web page at http://www.cooperinstitute.org/youth/ fitnessgram/fitness-standards.cfm. An Excel spreadsheet calculator, which can be used to estimate BMI and VO2max scores and includes the BMI and Aerobic Capacity HFZs, is also available on the CDE PFT Program Resources Web page at http://www.cde.ca.gov/ta/tg/pf/pftresources.asp. Administration Tips for the Aerobic Capacity Tests n Preparation for any of the tests should include instructions and practice in pacing and in techniques for heart rate monitoring. n Adequate time should be allowed for students to warm up before taking a test and to cool down after completing the test. n To avoid potential health and safety issues with students and with generating invalid estimates, do not administer a test in unusually high temperatures or humidity or when the wind is strong. The HFZs for the Aerobic Capacity test options of the One-Mile Run and 20m PACER begin with age ten and those for the Walk Test begin with age thirteen (Table 1). HFZs for students under the age of ten are not available. Grade five students who are nine years old will be scored using the standards for ten year old students. 5 VO2max refers to the maximum oxygen consumption of an individual during exercise. The acronym is derived from V = volume per time; O = oxygen; and max = maximum. 2 2015–16 California Physical Fitness Test Reference Guide 4 California Department of Education • December 2015 2 0 1 5 – 1 6 P h y s i c a l F i t n e s s t e s t ( P F t ) Table 1. HFZs for Aerobic Capacity Aerobic Capacity One-Mile Run / 20m PACER / Walk Test VO uploads/Management/ pft-15-reference-guide.pdf