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John locke x27 s natural philosophy 1632 1671 jonathan craig walmsley

John Locke ? s Natural Philosophy - Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Jonathan Craig Walmsley King ? s College London Reformatted CAbstract The thesis concentrates upon John Locke ? s early development in the ?eld of natural philosophy This can be divided up into several distinct stages Locke ? s ?rst serious engagement with natural philosophy was in to when he embarked upon an extensive programme of medical reading In this period he became acquainted with many notable ?gures including Robert Boyle Boyle introduced Locke to the mechanical philosophy and the work of Descartes From to Locke became interested in formulating his own views on medical topics writing short essays on disease and respiration in addition to his continued study of medical texts Through a very detailed analysis of these early medical writings it is shown that Locke was not committed to the mechanical philosophy at this point In Locke moved to London and met Thomas Sydenham This encounter had a huge impact on Locke ? s thinking Locke collaborated with Sydenham and came to share his mentor ? s methodological precepts There is manuscript evidence of this collaboration which is carefully examined As a consequence of their working together Locke eschewed all theorising about aetiology and chose instead to rely upon clinical experience Locke and Sydenham worked in concert until at least In Locke began work on the Essay In the earliest Draft we can see that Locke was still under the in uence of Sydenham and repeated their shared assumptions He was not a committed mechanist Rather he was agnostic on the question of how nature operates at the unobservable level In the second Draft of the Essay however Locke provided his own variations on Sydenham ? s themes It was at this point that Locke became a mechanical philosopher CTable of Contents Notes on Sources Introduction Early Medical Thought Locke ? s Medical Training Respirationis Usus Morbus Locke and Sydenham Methodus Curandi Febres Anatomia De Arte Medica Medical Observations The Natural Philosophy of Draft A The Text The In uence of Sydenham Science Qualities Relations with Descartes Rival Theories The Natural Philosophy of Draft B The Text Experience Causation Scholastic Method The Rejection of Hylemorphism The Acceptance of Mechanism Relations with Descartes The ??primary Ideas ? of Body Science An Elucidation CConclusion - - Appendix I Key to transcriptions Respirationis Usus Morbus Anatomia De Arte Medica Appendix II Locke ? s Notebook ? Adversaria ? Bibliography Manuscript Sources Primary Sources Secondary Sources Subsequent Publication Cfor Mum and Dad of course CAcknowledgements I would ?rstly like to thank the British Academy for their generous support in the writing of this thesis Without their help none of this work could have been undertaken I would also like to thank my supervisor John Milton without whose help encouragement and encyclopaedic knowledge of all things Lockean I would surely have failed to properly understand this complex subject Thanks are also due to John Worrall and Nancy Cartwright