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Nile irrigation ottoman ENGINEERING THE NILE IRRIGATION AND THE BRITISH EMPIRE IN EGYPT - by Claire Jean Cookson-Hills A thesis submitted to the Department of History In conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Queen ? s Uni

ENGINEERING THE NILE IRRIGATION AND THE BRITISH EMPIRE IN EGYPT - by Claire Jean Cookson-Hills A thesis submitted to the Department of History In conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Queen ? s University Kingston Ontario Canada January Copyright ?Claire Jean Cookson-Hills CLibrary and Archives Canada Published Heritage Branch Wellington Street Ottawa ON K A N Canada NOTICE The author has granted a nonexclusive license allowing Library and Archives Canada to reproduce publish archive preserve conserve communicate to the public by telecommunication or on the Internet loan distrbute and sell theses worldwide for commercial or noncommercial purposes in microform paper electronic and or any other formats The author retains copyright ownership and moral rights in this thesis Neither the thesis nor substantial extracts from it may be printed or otherwise reproduced without the author's permission In compliance with the Canadian Privacy Act some supporting forms may have been removed from this thesis While these forms may be included in the document page count their removal does not represent any loss of content from the thesis Bibliothèque et Archives Canada Direction du Patrimoine de l'édition rue Wellington Ottawa ON K A N Canada Your ?le Votre référence ISBN - - - - Our ?le Notre référence ISBN - - - - AVIS L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive permettant à la Bibliothèque et Archives Canada de reproduire publier archiver sauvegarder conserver transmettre au public par télécommunication ou par l'Internet prêter distribuer et vendre des thèses partout dans le monde à des ?ns commerciales ou autres sur support microforme papier électronique et ou autres formats L'auteur conserve la propriété du droit d'auteur et des droits moraux qui protege cette thèse Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés ou autrement reproduits sans son autorisation Conformément à la loi canadienne sur la protection de la vie privée quelques formulaires secondaires ont été enlevés de cette thèse Bien que ces formulaires aient inclus dans la pagination il n'y aura aucun contenu manquant CAbstract This thesis examines technological and social mechanisms of British imperial water control as created and managed by British irrigation engineers in Egypt between and In the aftermath of the British military conquest of the Ottoman colony irrigation engineering was lauded as a way to make Egypt prosperous and ?nancially solvent through the growth and sale of cash-crop cotton on the global market The irrigation engineers who transferred into Egypt in the wake of the British occupation to enact this revivi ?cation of irrigation were Indian-experienced military engineers these Royal Engineers o ?cers and their British superiors in Egypt and the Foreign O ?ce enacted the principles of late nineteenth century liberal economy including the construction of large-scale public works The British engineers imported their Indian experiences when they transferred to the Egyptian Irrigation Department Their engineering epistemologies included economic frugality an emphasis and reliance on hydraulic science and skepticism of the viability of local irrigation practices Permanent dams were built