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Study guide 70 B B C C C C F C E F D F F F E B C F F A C F F F E B C F D E A B F F F F F E B C A A E A E C A D E C F E B A F D A C A C

B B C C C C F C E F D F F F E B C F F A C F F F E B C F D E A B F F F F F E B C A A E A E C A D E C F E B A F D A C A C F C E F C F C F F A C A A B E E B E B F D B C A B B D B E D A F E E A C F D B C E B C University of South Africa All rights reserved Printed and published by the University of South Africa Muckleneuk Pretoria LCP ?? ADL-Style CCONTENTS Page PREFACE vii LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS STUDY GUIDE xvi THEME I THE RISE OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS GLOBALLY AND IN SOUTH AFRICA AND SOUTH AFRICAN ENVIRONMENTAL LAW Study unit The environment and why it should concern us Introduction Environmental concerns Justi ?cation for studying legal rules relating to the protection of the environment The meaning of the term ? ? environment ? ? Why do we protect the environment Classi ?cation of environmental problems How to protect the environment Legal norms and standards to manage and protect the environment The inherent link of environmental law with equity transformation redress and justice Concluding remarks Study unit Environmental law in South Africa What is environmental law The sources of environmental law Distinctive principles guiding and supporting environmental law A brief overview of the history of environmental law Concluding remarks Study unit International environmental law and South Africa Why international law plays an important role in the protection and management of the environment The nature of international law The sources of international law The recognition status and application of general international law in terms of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Enforcement and or compliance with international law The development of international environmental law LCP ?? iii C Distinctive principles guiding and supporting international environmental law Relevant treaties and the challenges or problems they seek to address and solve The National Environmental Management Act and international law Overview of the historical landmarks in the development of international environmental law Climate change Concluding remarks THEME II THE CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA AND ENVIRONMENTAL LAW Study unit The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa and framework environmental legislation ?? the National Environmental Management Act of NEMA General characteristics of the Constitution The Bill of Rights and protection of the environment Other fundamental rights that have an impact on the management administration and control of environmental matters The National Environmental Management Act of NEMA The Act ? s function as framework legislation and the principles it contains Concluding remarks Study unit Cooperative government in environ- mental management Introduction Con ict between national and provincial legislation Cooperative government Cooperative government and the National Environmental Management Act of Concluding remarks and postscript Theme