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IEC 61701 Edition 2.0 2011-12 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Salt

IEC 61701 Edition 2.0 2011-12 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Salt mist corrosion testing of photovoltaic (PV) modules Essai de corrosion au brouillard salin des modules photovoltaïques (PV) INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE N ICS 27.160 PRICE CODE CODE PRIX ISBN 978-2-88912-840-2 ® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale ® This is a preview - click here to buy the full publication – 2 – 61701 © IEC:2011 CONTENTS FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................... 3 1 Scope and object .............................................................................................................. 5 2 Normative references ....................................................................................................... 5 3 Samples ........................................................................................................................... 6 4 Test procedures ............................................................................................................... 6 4.1 General ................................................................................................................... 6 4.2 Bypass diode functionality test ................................................................................ 6 4.2.1 Purpose ....................................................................................................... 6 4.2.2 Apparatus .................................................................................................... 6 4.2.3 Procedure .................................................................................................... 7 4.2.4 Requirements .............................................................................................. 7 5 Preconditioning ................................................................................................................ 7 6 Initial measurements ........................................................................................................ 7 7 Salt mist test procedure .................................................................................................... 8 8 Cleaning and recovery ...................................................................................................... 8 9 Final measurements ......................................................................................................... 9 10 Requirements ................................................................................................................. 10 10.1 General ................................................................................................................. 10 10.2 Crystalline silicon .................................................................................................. 10 10.3 Thin-film technologies ........................................................................................... 10 10.4 Concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules ............................................................. 10 11 Test report...................................................................................................................... 11 Figure 1 – Salt mist corrosion testing sequence for crystalline silicon PV modules ................ 12 Figure 2 – Salt mist corrosion testing sequence for thin-film PV modules .............................. 13 Figure 3 – Salt mist corrosion testing sequence for concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules ................................................................................................................................ 14 This is a preview - click here to buy the full publication 61701 © IEC:2011 – 3 – INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ____________ SALT MIST CORROSION TESTING OF PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) MODULES FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non- governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 61701 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 82: Solar photovoltaic energy systems. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition issued in 1995. This edition constitutes a technical revision. The main technical changes with respect to the previous edition are as follows: The scope has been updated to better reflect the applicability of the Standard. Salt mist test is based on IEC 60068-2-52 rather than IEC 60068-2-11 as in edition 1 since the former Standard is much more widely used in the electronic component field. According to this change the new edition 2 includes a cycling testing sequence that combines in each cycle a salt fog exposure followed by humidity storage under controlled temperature and relative humidity conditions. This testing sequence is more suitable to reflect the corrosion processes that happen in PV modules subjected to permanent or temporary corrosive atmospheres (NaCl). In edition 1 only a salt fog exposure was considered. This is a preview - click here to buy the full publication – 4 – 61701 © IEC:2011 Additional tests have also been included to verify the effect of the salt mist test not only in the PV module output but also in some of its components. Different testing sequences are considered depending on the PV module technology involved: crystalline silicon, thin-film and concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules. A test report clause has also been included. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 82/667/FDIS 82/681/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be • reconfirmed, • withdrawn, • replaced by a revised edition, or • amended. This is a preview - click here to buy the full publication 61701 © IEC:2011 – 5 – SALT MIST CORROSION TESTING OF PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) MODULES 1 Scope and object Photovoltaic (PV) modules are electrical devices intended for continuous outdoor exposure during their lifetime. Highly corrosive wet atmospheres, such as marine environments, could eventually degrade some of the PV module components (corrosion of metallic parts, deterioration of the properties of some non-metallic materials - such as protective coatings and plastics - by assimilation of salts, etc.) causing permanent damages that could impair their functioning. Temporary corrosive atmospheres are also present in places where salt is used in winter periods to melt ice formations on streets and roads. This Standard describes test sequences useful to determine the resistance of different PV modules to corrosion from salt mist containing Cl- (NaCl, MgCl2, etc.). All tests included in the sequences, except the bypass diode functionality test, are fully described in IEC 61215, IEC 61646, IEC 62108, IEC 61730-2 and IEC 60068-2-52. They are combined in this Standard to provide means to evaluate possible faults caused in PV modules when operating under wet atmospheres having high concentration of dissolved salt (NaCl). Depending on the specific nature of the surrounding atmosphere to which the module is exposed in real operation several testing severities can be applied, as defined in IEC 60068-2-52. For example severity (1) is intended to be used for PV modules used in a marine environment, or in close proximity to the sea. Severities (3) to (6) are intended for PV modules operating in locations where there could be a change between salt-laden and dry atmospheres, for examples in places where salt is used to melt ice formations. Severity (2) is not suitable for PV modules as testing conditions are too weak (this severity is originally intended for products exposed to corrosive environments from time to time that are normally protected by an enclosure) and should be avoided when applying this Standard. This Standard can be applied to both flat plate PV modules and concentrator PV modules and assemblies. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60068-2-52, Environmental testing – Part 2-52: Tests – Test Kb: Salt mist, cyclic (sodium chloride solution) IEC 61215:2005, Crystalline silicon terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules – Design qualification and type approval IEC 61646:2008, Thin-film terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules – Design qualification and type approval IEC 61730-2:2004, Photovoltaic (PV) module safety qualification – Part 2: uploads/s1/iec-61701-2-2011-salt-mist-corrosion-testing-of-photovoltaic-pv-modules.pdf