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Copyright Eric Guntz – Toute reproduction interdite sans le consentement de l’auteur Les phrasal verbs 1 Fiche grammaire L’essentiel à savoir pour le TOEIC On utilise souvent des verbes avec les mots suivants : in on up away round about over by out off down back through along forward Ainsi, look out / get on / take off / run away etc… sont des phrasal verbs. Dans ce cas, le second mot donne souvent un sens spécial au verbe. Ex. n°1 : break = casser, mais break down = tomber en panne Ex. n°2 : take = prendre, mais take off = enlever, retirer, décoller Le tableau ci-dessous ne constitue pas une liste exhaustive des phrasal verbs, mais plutôt de ceux qui figurent parmi les plus récurrents au TOEIC verbe traduction verbe traduction blow up exploser put up with tolérer break down tomber en panne run for être candidat bring back rapporter run away fuir, s’enfuir bring up élever (un enfant) run out être à court, manquer de brush up rafraîchir (des connaissances) set off partir buy out racheter (une entreprise) set up fonder, créer (une entreprise) call off annuler slow down ralentir, freiner carry on continuer, poursuivre sort out régler, trouver une solution carry out effectuer, mener à bien stand up se lever (quand on était assis) catch up rattraper son retard switch/turn on allumer (la lumière, …) come off se détacher, se démarquer switch/turn off éteindre (la lumière, …) close/shut down fermer (entreprise, boutique, …) give back rendre drop/call in passer voir quelqu’un give up abandonner eat up tout manger give away distribuer fill in remplir un questionnaire go ahead avancer, poursuivre find out réaliser, s’apercevoir grow up grandir fix up organiser (une réunion, …) keep on continuer à get by s’en sortir, réussir lay off licencier Get off Descendre (d’un bus, …) look up chercher (dictionnaire, …) get over se remettre de, surmonter make out comprendre, saisir le sens make up inventer (une histoire, …) pay back rembourser move in emménager pick up ramasser move out déménager take off retirer, enlever, décoller point out souligner, mettre l’accent sur take up se mettre à (sport, activité, …) pull down abaisser throw away jeter push back repousser turn down refuser push off reporter turn/show up arriver, apparaître put away ranger wake up (se) réveiller put on mettre (un vêtement, …) write down noter Les phrasal verbs Copyright Eric Guntz – Toute reproduction interdite sans le consentement de l’auteur Les phrasal verbs 2 Exercice 1 – Cherchez dans le dictionnaire un verbe anglais synonyme de ceux-ci : 1. Call off 2. Carry on 3. Find out 4. Get by 5. Make up 6. Point out 7. Give up 8. Give away 9. Go back 10. Lay off Exercice 2 – Complétez les phrases suivantes à l’aide d’un phrasal verb à la forme voulue : 1. There are rumors that management is going to ………. about one-third of the staff. 2. We can’t ………. making a decision. We have waited too long. 3. We have no choice but to ………. with our competitors if we want to survive. 4. She said she would ………. an appointment with them as soon as possible. 5. I’ve always dreamt of ………. my own business. 6. Please call the supplier quickly. We’ll soon ………. of stationery. 7. We were all ready to ………. but at the last minute, Mike realized that he had forgotten his cell phone. 8. The survey ………. that a lot of people still don’t even know how to ………. a computer. 9. Just don’t ………. I’m sure you’ll pass the TOEIC if you ……… working hard. 10. I ………. in a truly remote place in South Carolina. You wouldn’t believe how bored I could get sometimes… Exercice 3 – Complete this news article about a company called Mitsuka. Put in the following words: fallen behind, fell through, fight off, laying off, put forward, sort out, step down, taking over, taken on (attention: certains de ces verbes ne figurent pas dans la fiche de grammaire): Mitsuka CEO has put forward a new project designed to (1) …………… the firm’s problems. It is only twelve months since Mitsuka tried to reinforce its position by (2) …………… Plastron. But the deal (3) …………… , and Plastron managed to (4) …………… Mitsuka’s attempts to buy them out. Since then Mitsuka has performed rather poorly and has (5) …………… in the race for market share. Managing director Simon Curtis has had to (6) …………… , and John Mc Gregor has (7) …………… the task of rescuing the company. There are fears that the new plans will mean (8) …………… staff in order to cut expenditure. Exercices d’application uploads/Finance/ les-phrasal-verbs.pdf