Remerciez-le!

Remerciez @Admin pour avoir partagé cet document gratuitement, de la manière la plus simple, en partageant sur les réseaux sociaux.

4 5 6 2 3 1 During Natural Disasters and Power Outage Administering First Aid P

4 5 6 2 3 1 During Natural Disasters and Power Outage Administering First Aid Protection Against Fires Caring for People with Special Needs During War Emergencies Protection Against Acts of Sabotage Your Guide for Emergencies National Media Council License 510 / 2013 Table of Contents Preamble During Natural Disasters And Power Outages During War Emergencies Protection Against Acts of Sabotage Administering First Aid 4 7 27 43 83 101 115 120 124 125 Protection Against Fire Caring For People With Special Needs Emergency Kit Important Telephone Numbers Epilogue 4 | Your Guide for Emergencies Preamble Protection is a set of cognitive principles, values and practices that people resort to when they face hazards or accidents or when they expect their occurrence. The purpose is to ward off danger or, in case it occurs, to minimize its intensity and adverse effects. Effective protection starts with preparedness which constitutes “the most important step towards protection” as well as the foundation of protective measures which, if applied accurately and consistently, lead to better protection of both people and property, and hence of the country and its assets. In this guidebook, we present you with a series of concepts and methods which will help you, in different cases of emergency, to avoid the dangers that might threaten your own life and safety as well as the life and safety of your family and environment, or that you might need to address while on the road, at school or at work. This guidebook also shows you how to protect your property as well as the individual and collective property of others, through instructions and advice that correspond to the different types and natures of hazards likely to occur in times of peace, war, turmoil and disasters. Additionally, it introduces you to the best and most recent methods of protecting yourself and helping others through a series of first-aid instructions on how to stop bleeding, treat burns and fractures or resuscitate cardiac arrest or suffocation sufferers. This guidebook offers advice on how to ensure personal safety during fires and how to deal with various building components such as installations and equipment. You can learn how to deal with emergencies in times of peace, i.e. natural disasters and sudden power outages, and how to stock up on food supplies. It also offers instructions on measures that should be taken in times of war to avoid crises, in terms of consumption levels, blood donation, warnings, shelters and personal defence. In particular, the guidebook focuses on the importance of a “previously prepared emergency kit”, and helps you to avoid potential chemical and biological terrorist threats as well as bomb attacks. Finally, it explains in detail how to care for people with special needs in cases of emergency. Natural Disasters And Power Outage 8 10 12 17 21 23 24 Lightning Floods Earthquakes And Tremors Tsunami Landslides Power Outages Stocking Up On Basic Food Supplies 1 −Natural Disasters And Power Outages 8 | Your Guide for Emergencies Lightning Lightning is a dazzling light that suddenly appears in the sky in turbulent weather. It is a massive natural electrical discharge resulting from the collision between two clouds, one with negative electric charge and the other with positive electric charge. The light is followed by a booming sound known as “thunder”. Together, lightning and thunder form a “thunderbolt”. Lightning is usually harmless because most of its charges do not reach the Earth. But in some cases, if it is strong enough, it can uproot a tree, destroy a chimney or even kill a person or an animal. However, it has been shown that most of those who were struck by lightning were usually taking shelter under a tree, and this is the most dangerous thing to do when a thunderstorm breaks out because trees and high-rise buildings actually conduce thunderbolts. Consequently, the roofs of buildings should be equipped with lightning rods; metal chains that absorb electricity and divert their fatal charges to the centre of the Earth. Lightning rods absorb the charges and scatter them peacefully into the ground, away from the building. The massive energy of a thunderbolt is capable of destroying anything that stands in its way. 9 Natural Disasters And Power Outage | How to avoid the risks of lightning When a thunderstorm is brewing in the area you are in, proceed with caution. Find a safe shelter and avoid any contact with metallic objects or hiding under trees. In case you are at home • Avoid taking a shower, because the pipelines and bathroom installations may conduct electricity from lightning. • Avoid using telephones with cords, except in case of emergency. Cordless and cellular phones are safer to use in such conditions. • Unplug electric devices and equipment (such as computers) from power sources and turn off your air conditioners because the energy resulting from lightning can cause serious damage. Head inside a building or a vehicle • In open spaces or forests, stay on lower grounds, for example in a place where shrubs grow densely. • In open spaces, curl up by crawling on the floor. • If you happen to be out at sea, head to the shore. • If you are driving a bicycle, motorbike or a golf cart, step away from it. • If you are gathering with other people, go your separate ways. When thunder roars do not... • Use the phone and electric devices and equipment. • Stand under high trees. • Stay outside or in elevated places. • Touch metallic objects. • Get close to metal fences, pipes and railways. 10 | Your Guide for Emergencies Floods Floods are a natural phenomenon caused by the rise in the level of watercourses; the faster the water flow, the greater the floods and vice versa. A flood is the overflowing of a large amount of water beyond its normal confines over what is normally dry land. Floods can also occur due to the ebb and flow of tides. Floods are often caused by the following: • Heavy rainfall. • Strong thunderstorms and cyclones. • Dam collapse releasing great quantities of water. • Sudden rise in sea level as a result of heavy rain or thawing snow on mountain tops, following earthquakes on land or at sea (tsunami…) or a change in the water pressure at the bottom of the oceans. Most floods are harmful, because they are potentially damaging to people and property (houses, cattle, cars...) as well as public utilities (buildings, bridges, tunnels, telephone lines, electrical power...). They also cause erosion to the upper layer of the soil. Floods often claim many lives due to drowning and electric shocks or even epidemics and diseases that tend to spread due to the potential pollution of water. Floods can also lead to severe food shortage, particularly in inaccessible areas besieged by water, or as a result of the submersion and destruction of crops. Experts and meteorological centres can predict floods by monitoring the different meteorological fluctuations, and can consequently issue warnings about possible dangers. However, it is imperative for people to take individual and collective precautionary measures to avoid any serious consequences. Speedy and efficient evacuation must be at the forefront of such measures. 11 Natural Disasters And Power Outage | Evacuation and moving to elevated areas In case you are at home, follow the below procedures: • Stay put but follow up on the latest developments on the radio or on television and be prepared to carry out the evacuation instructions issued by the authorities (the police for instance). • If staying at home gets dangerous, remain calm and call the police (provide them with the necessary information) for help and immediate evacuation. • Head to an elevated area, far from watercourses, torrents, valleys, dams and mountains. In case you are in a car: • Be careful and cautious, and pay attention to the flood indicators. • Never get adventurous for this might kill you and other passengers in your vehicle. • Do not drive past security barriers; they are there for your own safety. • If your car gets stuck in an area where the water level is quickly rising, leave it at once and head to a more elevated area. • Call Civil Defence or the police if you need any help. 12 | Your Guide for Emergencies Earthquakes and tremors Earthquakes are a natural phenomenon that cannot be predicted or avoided. However, there are precautionary measures that help to minimise their consequences and damages during and after their occurrence. Earthquakes are quick earth tremors followed by aftershocks called “seismic waves” that are due to the breaking and shifting of rocks in the centre of the Earth as a result of geological effects leading to the movement of the tectonic plates. Earthquakes can occur as a result of volcanoes or the sliding of the Earth’s layers. Earthquakes can lead to the cracking of the Earth, the depletion of springs or the appearance of new ones. They can also cause elevation uploads/Geographie/ emergency-guide-english.pdf