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Encoding the Precession Period- Constants in the Odyssey Joannes Richter 52, 24

Encoding the Precession Period- Constants in the Odyssey Joannes Richter 52, 24, 20, 12 The numbers of Penelope's Suitors in the Odyssey Abstract The precession “constant” (~1° per century) may have been encoded in the Osiris numbers and in a parameters for a respectable number of architectural elements, such as the number of sculptures in temples: 72, …., 4320 in Maya numbers, 54 columns (Baalbek), 72 stupas (Borobudur), 108 murderers (Osiris), 10,800 stanzas (Rigveda), 540 statues (Angkor), 108 statues per avenue (Angkor), 432,000 soldiers in Norse myths, etc... An overview of these parameters may be found the “Fingerprints of the Gods” by Graham Hancock. One of the inventors (Hipparchus) proposed a value of 45 - 46 seconds of arc for one year of precessional motion (or 78.26 years for 1 degree). The true constant may be 1° in 71.6 years. The precession shift of 1° every 100 years corresponds to a precession period of 36,000 years. The ancient Greek astronomer Hipparchus (c. 190–120 BC) is generally accepted to be the earliest known astronomer to recognize and assess the precession of the equinoxes at about 1° per century (which is not far from the actual value for antiquity, 1.38°),[6] These precessional constants may be hidden in the numbers of Penelope's suitors, which are distributed over 4 villages: in total 108 suitors - 52 from Dulichium, 24 from Same, 20 Achaeans from Zacynthus and 12 from Ithaca.[3] The numbers of Penelope's suitors may combine several relevant sums (52 + 20 = 72) and (24 + 12 = 36) (72 + 36 = 108), which are combining several variants of the precession “constant”. After all the distribution over 4 parameters (52, 24, 20, 12) allow the bards to memorize the number of years (72) pro degree and the number of years (36,000) at a shift 1° in 100 years. One complete period in the precession would be calculated as 360 x 72 = 25,920 years. The encoding of these numbers in a myth promoted the Odyssey to a universal, archaic encyclopedia. The precession shift of 1° every 72 years Archaic observations may have identified a precession shift of 1° every 72 years. One completed period would be calculated as 360 x 72 = 25,920 years. Originally these numbers may be rather inaccurate, but it would be accurate enough for encoding these values in a mythical history. The term Great Year has more than one major meaning. It is defined by scientific astronomy as "The period of one complete cycle of the equinoxes around the ecliptic, or about 25,800 years". Ptolemy reported that his teacher Hipparchus, by comparing the position of the vernal equinox against the fixed stars in his time and in earlier observations, discovered that it shifts westward approximately one degree every 72 years. 1 The precession shift of 1° every 100 years (century) corresponds to a precession period of 36,000 years. The ancient Greek astronomer Hipparchus (c. 190–120 BC) is generally accepted to be the earliest known astronomer to recognize and assess the precession of the equinoxes at about 1° per century (which is not far from the actual value for antiquity, 1.38°),[6] although there is some minor dispute about whether he was.[7] 2 Ptolemy has even (since Brahe, 1598) been accused by astronomers of fraud for stating (Syntaxis, book 7, chapter 4) that he observed all 1025 stars: for almost every star he used Hipparchus's data and precessed it to his own epoch 2+2⁄3 centuries later by adding 2°40' to the longitude, using an erroneously small precession constant of 1° per century. 3 Hipparchus concluded that the equinoxes were moving ("precessing") through the zodiac, and that the rate of precession was not less than 1° in a century4. Samples of encoding systems in myths Several samples of encoding systems may be found in various myths, which are found in all populated continents: Using two numbers (a number of years for 1° [72] and a completed period in years [25,920]) other factors may be derived, including the numbers 108, 216, 432 and 540 (this process is described in greater detail in the Mathisen Corollary). These are the principle Precessional numbers5. Axial precession is the movement of the rotational axis of an astronomical body, whereby the axis slowly traces out a cone. In the case of Earth, this type of precession is also known as the precession of the equinoxes, lunisolar precession, or precession of the equator. Earth goes through one such complete precessional cycle in a period of approximately 26,000 years or 1° every 72 years, during which the positions of stars will slowly change in both equatorial coordinates and ecliptic longitude. 6 1 Great Year 2 Source: Precession#Astronomy 3 Source: Hipparchus 4 Precession of the equinoxes (146–127 BC) 5 The Precessional Numbers - Star Myths of the World 6 Source: Precession → Axial precession (precession of the equinoxes) Hamlet's Mill In Hamlet's Mill, Giorgio de Santillana and Hertha von Dechend, following the work of Franz Rolf Schröder (1893 - 1979) point out the presence of significant numbers that appear over and over in mythology around the world. For example, they point to a passage in the Old Norse Poetic Edda known as the Grimnismal, a passage spoken by the god Odin in his disguise as Grimnir, in which the end of the world is described. Describing the scene in which the slain warriors of Valhalla issue forth to battle against the forces of destruction in the battle of Ragnarok, the Grimnismal tells us that: 540 x 800 = 432,000 soldiers in Norse myths In order to encode the number 432,000 we may use 540 x 800, in which 540 = 5 x 108): 500 gates and 40 more are in the mighty building of Walhalla. 800 Einherier come out of each one gate on the time they go out on defence against the Wolf.7 Says the Grimnismal (23): "Five hundred gates and forty more are in the mighty building of Walhalla—eight hundred 'Einherier' come out of each one gate—on defence against the wolf...8 The Mayan Long Count Calendar The Mayan Long Count Calendar is equipped with several numbers, which seem to be related to the precession constants: 1 Katun (7200 days), 1 Tun (360 days), etc. Examples for precession constants in myths Various myths and legends contain precession constants, which may deviate from standards, because each definition requires a set of two numbers: an angle value and the number of years. Samples of these set of numbers are: the number of years / each shift unit 1° [72] or the number of years for circa) each century [108], for one zodiac symbol 30° [2,160], for two symbols 60° [4,320], for 3 symbols respectively for one completed period 360° [25,920]. All of these numbers may be interpreted as precession constants9. Each combination of angle values / number of years requires one of the following set of precession constants : 1° [72], 15° [1,080], 30° [2,160], 60° [4,320], 90° [19,440], 360° [25,920]. 7 Hamlet's Mill 162. 8 23 - The Poetic Edda: Grímnismál 9 The Precessional Numbers - Star Myths of the World Introduction to the 108 Suitors (Proci) of Penelope I never saw a better encoding system in the distribution of the suitors of Penelope in Homer's Odyssey. Depending on the sources the 4 numbers of the suitors may be varying, but the standards are tuned quite suitable to reconstruct a great range of precession shifts, which may vary in the range 24,000-26,000. The suitors of Penelope In Greek mythology, the suitors of Penelope (also known as the Proci) are one of the main subjects of Homer's Odyssey. These numbers are distributed over 4 locations (52, 24, 20 and 12). The addition of all 4 numbers results in 108. Once Odysseus returns home (after Athena initially disguises him as a beggar so he can plot his revenge in secret), his son Telemachus tells him that there are 108 suitors: 52 from Dulichium, 24 from Same, 20 Achaeans from Zacynthus, and 12 from Ithaca. [3] Together, Odysseus, Telemachus, Eumaeus and Philoetius kill the suitors and the disloyal maidservants. For reasons of oral presentation (i.e., a memory aid), the suitors are usually listed in the same order throughout the Odyssey.[4] 10 The translation of the Odyssey is found in the Perseus database: [245] For of the wooers there are not ten alone, or twice ten, but full many more. Here as we are shalt thou straightway learn their number. From Dulichium there are two and fifty chosen youths, and six serving men attend them; from Same came four and twenty men; [250] from Zacynthus there are twenty youths of the Achaeans; and from Ithaca itself twelve men, all of them the noblest, and with them is Medon, the herald, and the divine minstrel, and two squires skilled in carving meats. 11 Proci procus “follower”, „a wooer“, „a suitor“ (Show lexicon entry in Lewis & Short Elem. Lewis) (search). Is the name-giving Proci (proci, Latin: „Follower“, referring to „the suitors“ or) referring to the uploads/Geographie/ encoding-the-precession-period-constants-in-the-odyssey.pdf