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EXAM #3 Study Guide 1 page DEFs, 4 short answers, 1 bonus question (can answer

EXAM #3 Study Guide 1 page DEFs, 4 short answers, 1 bonus question (can answer by drawing upon Clybourne Park) WOOD (PG 83-98) Woody from Toy Story  Symbolic interaction: View of communication that…  Sees language and communication as actively shaping our experiences of world  Sees communication as a form of action  Recognizes that humans are highly individual actors AND social beings  Each of us is unique, yet we are all members of a common society Communication and the Development of Selfhood  “The self” o Basic nature “Self” > “Self-concept” (Symbolic interactionists prefer) 1) “Self-concept” literally means concept of self, which implies only cognitive activity; “Self” isn’t restricted to cognition, but includes behaviors and feelings about self 2) “Self-concept” seems to suggest a static, relatively unchanging view of self, generally considered stable; “Self” is constantly in process, always changing, becoming “Self”Term to refer to an individual’s ongoing interpretation and organization of experiences used to direct personal thought and action Central to human interaction and social life; links individuals and guides our actions Not 1 aspect of person, but the core of an individual—behaviors, feelings, goals o Two Fundamental Ideas regarding “Self” 1) “Self-as-object”: The concept where the person expressing an idea is the same entity as the object to which that idea refers. We can stand outside and look at ourselves like we would look at any other object. We are both the subjects and the objects of experience Monitoring: A process in which we observe and regulate our attitudes and behaviors and then decide to modify  Often unaware of it, yet makes communication more effective  Possible because we can look at ourselves as objects Dual perspective: The recognition of someone else’s perspective in addition to your own  Allows us to acknowledge the POV held by others we interact with and integrate with them to enhance communication  We can stand outside of ourselves to consider another perspective (like looking at self as object), leads you to reconsider and evaluate 2) “Self as I & ME”: Two aspects that provide a view of self as both individual actor and socially conscious reflector 1. I= actor, doer, plans and enacts behaviors (spontaneous, impulsive) Individual, creative self 2. ME= thinker, evaluator, reflects on I’s activities (sensitive to social rules+othrs) Social, analytical self I and ME interact to design behavior that meets I’s goals but is moderated by ME’s sense of what is appropriate (complementary forces) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ BREN: 1. I= Self-consciousness (aware we exist) 2. ME= Object (aware others see us/react to us) o Intellectual (ideas) o Spiritual (values) o Material (has clothes, things, decorates belongings)  Appearance (hair, body language, design, clothes, shoes)  Possessions (cars, phones, house, location, look)  Associations (Facebook, friends, organizations in) ^Can communicate with non-communication ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~  Wood’s 4 propositions about self 1. The Self Arises in Communication with Others infants; others interact with us, tell us what they think of us; acquire self bc learn by observing how others define us 2. The Self is Constantly in Process”reflected appraisal”—self-image is a reflection of others’ appraisals; as interact with others, our views of self alter, evolve, and change, some gradual some radical (death, marriage, parenthood) 3. The Self Assumes Multiple Roles roles and how play them, see different ‘sides’ of self; flexible; 1) Role taking-mental process and 2) Role playing-enacts behaviors 4. The Self is the Anchor for All Judgmentsour rules, experiences, behaviors, allows us to judge; we are never neutral; lenses through which we interpret world EWEN (PG 98-119) Ewww money issues  Impact of 19C capitalism on sense of o Personhood: The idea that there is value in each individual person as opposed to that person’s role in a community  When come to America, changed by consumerism and society  Individual is who you are  But then thought as being American person by buying something  This notion of personal distinction—marked by consumption of images (Gold Card)—stands at heart of American dream o Social class  Huge gap between rich and poor  Class position was part of the social relations of power that were emerging  Class identity was not a matter of individual choice, but of positions one inhabits in relation to the forces of production  The promise of personal distinction is an essential part of the way of life that is anxiously pursued by people who are in/wish to be in the great American “middle class”  19th C industrialism: Increase in styled goodswhich crossed into lives of increasing number of peopleprovided upward social mobility o Definition of “American Dream”: The notion that each individual has fair access to status and recognition and can escape common lot; shapes the meaning of American democracy; left its imprint on the aspirations and discontents of people around the world  This privileged dream is open to anyone who really wants it and tries hard enough to get it  The Gold Card (says more about you than anything you buy with it) is 1 step in right direction  Citizen as consumer  Look at “people as consumers”  People no longer have personhood, they are simply the buyer of products/what drives consumption  Consumption as basis for identity  People are judged by what they have vs. what they do/who they are  Continuous offer of personal distinction may indicate an epic crisis of identity  “Affluenza”: The term used for the “disease” of having many materials in this capitalist society, but you feel empty; we live in a throwaway society because of increase in productions This psychological illness includes symptoms like lack of motivation, feelings of guilt, sense of isolation  Populuxe culture: A term used to define the shift in American production and consumption that took place in the 50s. It was marked by an increase value on appearance and consumption of products with superficial but recognizable marks of status  America has always been consumer culture, but there are pitfalls  Give product high class image VS. Ppl had been buying status but now a sharp increase in America’s ability to make items (buy symbols of affluence) cheaply and buy cheaply  1. Increased value in design (things looking good, form vs. function) and 2. Notion of planned obsolescence (buy a car with latest design so ppl are buying more and more)  Commodity self: Discussing the “people as consumers” [Citizen as consumer], words that indicate the extent to which the tension between inner self and outer image has become a routine fixture in everyday life:  The process of growing up involved adjusting one’s individual tensions by comparing to society’s accepted values but still integrate in the business of living  Questions such as Who am I? bc having things was your only identity  Views self as a commodity or object in society  Importance of first impressions, especially in U.S. cities  Consumer capitalism fueled by massive migrations (cheap, continually replaceable work force)Population: Hopes for a better life  With immigrants, meaning and power of style changed. They learned that matters of dress and personal appearance were essential for success in the public world  NYC: Envi that made style an essential look for everyday life  Dress of urban working girls: style resulted in their work position, judged largely by clothes not by books or house, income goes into clothing  Needed to look good for job interview or school acceptance  Struggle between cultures: Jew or American? Family or country obligations?  Style and personality occur to protect ones inner self  American’s notion of themselves has been a shift from Character to Personality Character: The core of who a person is Personality: An aspect of people which they constantly express in symbols (dress, gestures, and possessions) vs. words WILLIAMS (PG 119-136) Will I Am  Genres of discourse [legal writing] assumes… 1. That people can and should write and speak in a manner that is completely detached from who they are 2. That the world can be divided into distinct categories (public/private, black/white) 3. That universal legal truths and procedures can be found and should be applied to any context at any time  Subject position and “voice” Subject position: The variables that inform your perception and action at any given time  (You can think of self as I or Me) What is it that is informing what you are speaking now?  In certain types of writing, this (who you are) is not supposed to be revealed or acknowledged. This writing has some value but she critics it mostly Voice: Public articulation or the ability to articulate ideas and feelings in a public manner  Relates to Bechdel test  Women should have voice in all sorts of things. Diminishes their voice  Theoretical legal understanding/language: characterized by 3 features of [legal] thought and rhetoric 1. The hypostatization [creation] of exclusive categories and definitional polarities, the drawing of bright lines and clear uploads/Geographie/ exam-study-guide.pdf