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ERDAS Field Guide ™ Fifth Edition, Revised and Expanded ERDAS ®, Inc. Atlanta,

ERDAS Field Guide ™ Fifth Edition, Revised and Expanded ERDAS ®, Inc. Atlanta, Georgia Copyright  1982 - 1999 by ERDAS ® , Inc. All rights reserved. First Edition published 1990. Second Edition published 1991. Third Edition reprinted 1995. Fourth Edition printed 1997. Fifth Edition printed 1999. Printed in the United States of America. ERDAS proprietary - copying and disclosure prohibited without express permission from ERDAS, Inc. ERDAS Worldwide Headquarters 2801 Buford Highway, NE Atlanta, Georgia 30329-2137 USA www.erdas.com Toll Free: 877/GO ERDAS (463-7327) Phone: 404/248-9000 Fax: 404/248-9400 User Support: 404/248-9777 ERDAS in Europe, Africa, Middle East, Asia/Paciﬁc Rim Phone: 011 44 1223 881 774 Fax: 011 44 1223 880 160 All Other Worldwide Inquiries Phone: 404/248-9000 Fax: 404/248-9400 The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Acknowledgments The ERDAS Field Guide™ was originally researched, written, edited, and designed by Chris Smith and Nicki Brown of ERDAS, Inc. The Second Edition was produced by Chris Smith, Nicki Brown, Nancy Pyden, and Dana Wormer of ERDAS, Inc., with assistance from Diana Margaret and Susanne Strater. The Third Edition was written and edited by Chris Smith, Nancy Pyden, and Pam Cole of ERDAS, Inc. The fourth edition was written and edited by Stacey Schrader and Russ Pouncey of ERDAS, Inc. The ﬁfth edition was written and edited by Russ Pouncey, Kris Swanson, and Kathy Hart of ERDAS, Inc. Many, many thanks go to Brad Skelton, ERDAS Engineering Director, and the ERDAS Software Engineers for their signiﬁcant contributions to this and previous editions. Without them this manual would not have been possible. Thanks also to Derrold Holcomb for lending his expertise on the Enhancement chapter. Many others at ERDAS provided valuable comments and suggestions in an extensive review process. A special thanks to those industry experts who took time out of their hectic schedules to review previous editions of the ERDAS Field Guide. Of these “external” reviewers, Russell G. Congalton, D. Cunningham, Thomas Hack, Michael E. Hodgson, David McKinsey, and D. Way deserve recognition for their contributions to previous editions. Copyrights Copyright 1999 ERDAS, Inc. All rights reserved. ERDAS, ERDAS, Inc., and ERDAS IMAGINE are registered trademarks; CellArray, IMAGINE Developers’ Toolkit, IMAGINE Expert Classiﬁer, IMAGINE IFSAR DEM, IMAGINE NITF, IMAGINE OrthoBASE, IMAGINE OrthoMAX, IMAGINE OrthoRadar, IMAGINE Radar Interpreter, IMAGINE Radar Mapping Suite, IMAGINE StereoSAR DEM, and IMAGINE Vector are trademarks. Other brand and product names are the properties of their respective owners. 11/99 Part No. 27. iii Field Guide Table of Contents Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxv Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxv Conventions Used in this Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxv CHAPTER 1 Raster Data Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Image Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Bands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Coordinate Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Remote Sensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Absorption/Reflection Spectra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Resolution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Spectral Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Spatial Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Radiometric Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . uploads/Geographie/ field-guide.pdf