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ICEL 1006 : EMERGENCY LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE ICEL Guide For ICEL Members M A Y99

ICEL 1006 : EMERGENCY LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE ICEL Guide For ICEL Members M A Y99 Foreword Emergency lighting terminology Definitions Initial considerations Essential pre-design information Design of new installations Stage 1 Design procedure Stage 2 The location of exit signs Stage 3 Additional emergency lighting Stage 4 Illuminance requirements for escape routes Stage 5 Illuminance levels for open areas Stage 6 High risk task area lighting Stage 7 Choice of appropriate emergency lighting systems Stage 8 Design control procedures Stage 9 Maintenance Checklist for assessing an existing installation Relevant standards Legislation and standards affecting emergency lighting The Industry Committee for Emergency Lighting 2 3 4-5 6 6-7 7 8-9 10-11 11 12-13 14-15 16 16 16-17 17 18 19 20-23 23 Contents Emergency Lighting Terminology For the purposes of the European standard EN 1838, emergency lighting is regarded as a generic term of which there are a number of specific forms, as shown in the figure below: Specific Forms of Emergency Lighting Emergency escape lighting That part of emergency lighting provided to enable safe exit in the event of failure of the normal supply. Standby lighting That part of emergency lighting provided to enable normal activities to continue in the event of failure of the normal mains supply. Escape route lighting That part of emergency lighting provided to enable safe exit for building occupants by providing appropriate visual conditions and direction finding on escape routes and in special areas/locations, and to ensure that fire fighting and safety equipment can be readily located and used. Open area (or anti-panic area) lighting That part of emergency escape lighting provided to reduce the likelihood of panic and to enable safe movement of occupants towards escape routes by providing appropriate visual conditions and direction finding. High risk task area lighting That part of emergency lighting provided to ensure the safety of people involved in a potentially dangerous process or situation and to enable proper shut down procedures to be carried out for the safety of other occupants of the premises. Emergency Lighting Emergency escape lighting Standby lighting Escape route lighting Open area (anti-panic area) lighting High risk task area lighting 3 Foreword Press Flash - EN 1838 The European Standard for Emergency Lighting Applications was voted positive! This Guide has been prepared by the Industry Committee for Emergency Lighting (ICEL) to promote a wider understanding of the different types of emergency lighting and to give guidance on their correct application. The Guide considers the requirements of the new European draft standards as well as the current legislation and codes of practice. Although some new standards are still in draft form, the content of these documents is reasonably well established. When the harmonised European standards are available, they will replace many of the current requirements of BS 5266: Pt 1: 1988 Information is provided on the difference between the current requirements and those of the new European standards. The new harmonised European standards may be retrospectively introduced after a transitional period. ICEL recommends therefore that emergency lighting is designed and installed to the new standards to avoid costly modifications at a later stage. A reasonable working knowledge of emergency lighting is assumed on the part of the reader. Further information can be obtained from ICEL at the address below: The Industry Committee for Emergency Lighting Swan House 207 Balham High Road London SW17 7BQ Most ICEL member companies can also provide detailed information and guidance about both current and future emergency lighting requirements and many offer a free scheme design service. The addresses of ICEL member companies can be found at the back of this document. Throughout this document, the most up-to-date information available has been used by ICEL. Some documents referred to, and some requirements, are still undergoing review, so please contact ICEL for advice on any changes that may affect the guidance contained in this document. Compliance with this Guide does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. May 1999 2 Definitions BALLAST Controls the operation of a fluorescent lamp from a specified AC or DC source (typically between 12 and 240 volts). It can also include elements for starting the lamp, for power factor correction or radio frequency interference suppression. BALLAST LUMEN FACTOR (BLF) The ratio of the light output of the lamp when the ballast under test is operated at its design voltage, compared with the light output of the same lamp operated with the appropriate reference ballast supplied at its rated voltage and frequency. BATTERY Secondary cells providing the source of power during mains failure. BATTERY SEALED (RECOMBINATION) A battery that is totally sealed, or constructed so that no provision is made for replacement of electrolyte. BATTERY UNSEALED (VENTED) A battery that requires replacement of electrolyte at regular periods. BATTERY CAPACITY The discharge capability of a battery, being a product of average current and time, expressed as ampere hours over a stated duration. Note that a shorter total discharge period gives rise to a smaller available capacity. CENTRAL BATTERY SYSTEM A system in which the batteries for a number of luminaires are housed in one location, usually for all the emergency luminaires in one lighting sub-circuit, sometimes for all emergency luminaires in a complete building. COMBINED EMERGENCY LUMINAIRE (SUSTAINED) Contains two or more lamps at least one of which is energised from the emergency supply and the remainder from the normal supply. The lamp energised from the emergency supply in a combined emergency luminaire is either maintained or non-maintained. DESIGN VOLTAGE The voltage declared by the manufacturer to which all the ballast characteristics are related. EMERGENCY EXIT A way out which is intended to be used any time that the premises are occupied. ‘F’ MARK Shows the luminaire can be mounted on combustible surfaces. It does not show that the luminaire is fire retardant. FINAL EXIT The terminal point of an escape route, beyond which persons are no longer in danger from fire or any other hazard requiring evacuation of the building. 4 FIRE RETARDANT HOUSING 850 OC TEST All emergency luminaires on escape routes must pass this test as specified in EN 60 598-2-22. ILLUMINANCE The luminous flux density at a surface, i.e. the luminous flux incidence per unit area. The unit of illuminance is lux. LUMINAIRE An apparatus which distributes, filters and transforms the lighting given by a lamp or lamps and includes all the items necessary for fixing and protecting these lamps and for connecting them to the supply circuit. Note that internally illuminated signs are a special type of luminaire. MAINTAINED EMERGENCY LUMINAIRE A luminaire containing one or more lamps all of which operate from the normal supply or from the emergency supply at all material times. MOUNTING HEIGHT The vertical distance between the luminaire and the working plane. Note that the floor is taken to be the working plane for emergency lighting. NON-MAINTAINED EMERGENCY LUMINAIRE A luminaire containing one or more lamps, which operate from the emergency supply only upon failure of the normal mains supply. NORMAL LIGHTING All permanently installed artificial lighting operating from the normal electrical supply, that in the absence of adequate daylight, is intended for use during the whole time that the premises are occupied. RATED DURATION The manufacturer’s declared duration, specifying the time for which the emergency lighting will provide the rated lumen output after mains failure. This may be for any reasonable period but is normally one or three hours. RATED LOAD The maximum load that may be connected to the system and will be supplied for the rated duration. RE-CHARGE PERIOD The time necessary for the batteries to regain sufficient capacity to achieve their rated duration. ROOM INDEX The relationship between the height, length and width of a room used for illuminance calculations. SELF-CONTAINED EMERGENCY LUMINAIRE OR SINGLE POINT LUMINAIRE A luminaire or sign providing maintained or non-maintained emergency lighting in which all the elements such as the battery, the lamp and the control unit are contained within the housing or within one metre of the housing. SLAVE OR CENTRALLY SUPPLIED LUMINAIRE An emergency luminaire without its own batteries designed to work with a central battery system. 5 Initial Considerations Emergency lighting is an essential part of the building services installation. To ensure the system is well designed and as reliable as possible, ICEL stresses the importance of planning through all phases of the project, from considering legal requirements to final commissioning and maintenance. Consultation between all interested parties at an early stage of the design cannot be overemphasised to avoid expensive modifications to the completed system. Considerable legislation and associated standards exist covering the various types of premises that involve the need to incorporate emergency lighting. These are referred to later in the Guide. The first stage of system design is to gather the information needed on the project, normally by consultation with the Regulatory Authority and the user. This should cover legislative and likely operational requirements, and customer preferences. Essential Pre-Design Information Before designing an emergency lighting scheme the following information needs to be determined uploads/Geographie/ icel-design-guide.pdf