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ISSN 0022-4480 JOURNAL OF Semitic Studies VOLUME LIV. NO. 1 SPRING 2009 INFORMA

ISSN 0022-4480 JOURNAL OF Semitic Studies VOLUME LIV. NO. 1 SPRING 2009 INFORMATION FOR AUTHORS Contributions, books for review, and other editorial communications should be addressed to: The Editors Journal of Semitic Studies Middle Eastern Studies School of Languages, Linguistics and Cultures University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK Article Length Editorial policy is normally to favour shorter articles, i.e. no longer than 10,000 words. Typescript layout Articles and reviews should be typed on one side of the paper (A4 or 8.5 x 11 inches) with double spacing and generous margins on one side of the paper only. Authors of articles should submit TWO COPIES, and disk, if available. Non Roman script is to be written as clearly as possible and used as sparingly as possible. Notes should be numbered consecutively, double spaced and placed at the end. The Editors will not accept for publication any typescripts which do not conform to these standards. For detailed instructions please see the style sheet. Abstracts Authors of articles are required to provide an abstract, which should be a single para graph, not exceeding 150 words. Submission We will also normally require the final revised version to be supplied in hard copy and electronically. Whilst we can accept most wordprocessor formats the preferred option is Word. The files should be submitted in the wordprocessor's native format and as an RTF (Rich Text Format). Illustrations Electronic submission of illustrations. We can accept 3.5 inch floppy disks, CD ROMs and email attachments. High quality print outs of all figures are still essential, as they will be scanned for reproduction in the event of problems with the electronic files. Figures must be saved as high resolution TIF files (at least 300 pixels per inch for photographs, and 1200 pixels per inch for black and white line drawings). Offprints and Proofs Authors of articles will receive one copy of the issue containing their article and twenty five offprints of their article free of charge. Alteration on the proofs, other than the correction of printer's errors, may be disallowed. Copyright and Permissions Manuscripts submitted will be expected to contain original work and should not have been published in abridged or other form elsewhere. It is a condition of publication in the Journal that authors grant an exclusive licence to The University of Manches ter. Any requests from third parties to reproduce articles are handled on behalf of the journal by Oxford University Press. This will also allow the article to be as widely dis seminated as possible and will protect the rights of the author and OUP . In granting an exclusive licence, authors may use their own material in other publications pro vided that the journal is acknowledged as the original authority for publication, and Oxford University Press is notified in writing and in advance. JOURNAL OF Semitic Studies Contents articles JAN KEETMAN, Wechselwirkung von Vokalen und Gutturalen im Semitischen unter dem Einfluss anderer Sprachen: die Beispiele des Akkadischen und Hebräischen 1 NA’AMA PAT-EL, The Development of the Semitic Definite Article: A Syntactic Approach 19 GORDON J. HAMILTON, A Proposal to Read the Legend of a Seal-Amulet from Deir Rifa, Egypt as an Early West Semitic Alphabetic Inscription 51 VINCENT DECAEN, Theme and Variation in Psalm 111: Metrical Phrase and Foot in Generative Perspective 81 ROBERT HOLMSTEDT, Word Order and Information Structure in Ruth and Jonah: A Generative-Typological Analysis 111 FRANÇOIS BRON, Notes sur les inscriptions néo-puniques de Henchir Medeina (Althiburos) 141 TZVI NOVICK, The Modality of Òarik in Tannaitic Hebrew 149 SHLOMY RAISKIN, Talmudic Aramaic Fauna Names: Murzema and Shaqi†na 161 NADEZHDA VIDRO, A Newly Reconstructed Karaite Work on Hebrew Grammar 169 GERRIT BOS and Y. TZVI LANGERMANN, The Introduction of Sergius of Resh¨aina to Galen’s Commentary on Hippocrates’ On nutriment 179 ALESSANDRA AVANZINI, Origin and Classification of the Ancient South Arabian Languages 205 AARON D. RUBIN, The Functions of the Preposition k- in Mehri 221 HILLA PELED-SHAPIRA, From Conventional to Personal, or: What Happened to Metaphor under the Influence of Ideology The case of Gha’ib Tu¨ma Farman 227 VOLUME LIV. NO. 1 SPRING 2009 reviews Georges BOHAS and Mihai DAT, Une théorie de l’organisation du lexique des langues sémitiques: matrices et étymons, Philippe CASSUTO and Pierre LARCHER (eds), La formation des mots dans les langues sémitiques (Edward LIPINSKI) 251 Aaron D. RUBIN, Studies in Semitic Grammaticalization (David STEC) 253 Jean-Jacques GLASSNER, Translated and Edited by Zainab BAHRANI and Marc VAN DE MIEROOP, The Invention of Cuneiform: Writing in Sumer (Jon TAYLOR) 254 J.A. HALLORAN, Sumerian Lexicon: A Dictionary Guide to the Ancient Sumerian Language (J.N. POSTGATE) 255 Stefanie U. GULDE, Der Tod als Herrscher in Ugarit und Israel (W.G.E. WATSON) 258 Hallvard HAGELIA, The Tel Dan Inscription: A Critical Investigation of Recent Research on Its Palaeography and Philology (Bob BECKING) 259 Ernst JENNI, Studien zur Sprachwelt des Alten Testaments II (Martin F.J. BAASTEN) 261 Robert D. MILLER II S.F.O., Chieftains of the Highland Clans: a History of Israel in the 12th and 11th Centuries B.C., Ann E. KILLEBREW, Biblical Peoples and Ethnicity: an Archaeological Study of Egyptians, Canaanites, Philistines, and Early Israel 1300-1000 B.C.E. (Eveline J. VAN DER STEEN) 265 Bernard S. JACKSON, Wisdom Laws: A Study of the Mishpatim of Exodus 21:1 22:16 (Jeffrey STACKERT) 270 Hilary LIPKA, Sexual Transgression in the Hebrew Bible (Jenni WILLIAMS) 272 Kevin A. WILSON, The Campaign of Pharaoh Shoshenq I into Palestine (K.A. KITCHEN) 274 Thomas B. DOZEMAN and Konrad SCHMID (eds), A Farewell to the Yahwist? The Composition of the Pentateuch in Recent European Interpretation (William JOHNSTONE) 276 Alice HUNT, Missing Priests: The Zadokites in Tradition and History (Deborah ROOKE) 278 Lena-Sofia TIEMEYER, Priestly Rites and Prophetic Rage: Post-Exilic Prophetic Critique of the Priesthood (Deborah ROOKE) 281 Nicholas P . LUNN, Word-Order Variation in Biblical Hebrew Poetry: Differentiating Pragmatics and Poetics (Robert D. HOLMSTEDT) 283 D. GOODBLATT, Elements of Ancient Jewish Nationalism (Doron MENDELS) 285 Beverly P . MORTENSEN, The Priesthood in Targum Pseudo-Jonathan: Renewing the Profession (Simon ADNAMS LASAIR) 287 Alexander SAMELY, Forms of Rabbinic Literature and Thought: An Introduction (Günter STEMBERGER) 289 Emanuela TREVISAN SEMI, Jacques Faitlovitch and the Jews of Ethiopia (Steven KAPLAN) 292 Alessandro BAUSI and Alessandro GORI, Tradizioni orientali del «Martirio di Areta». La prima recensione Araba e la versione Etiopica. Edizione critica e traduzione (Michael A. KNIBB) 294 John C. LAMOREAUX (translator), Theodore Abu Qurrah (Hugh GODDARD) 296 Garth FOWDEN, QuÒayr ¨Amra: Art and the Umayyad Elite in Late Antique Syria (Andrew MARSHAM) 298 Paul STARKEY, Modern Arabic Literature (Ami ELAD-BOUSKILA) 302 short notes Steven E. FASSBERG and A. HURVITZ (eds), Biblical Hebrew in its Northwest Semitic Setting: Typological and Historical Perspectives (J.F. HEALEY) 307 Hélène LOZACHMEUR, La Collection Clermont-Ganneau: ostraca, épigraphes sur jarre, étiquettes de bois (J.F. HEALEY) 308 Karel JONGELING, and ROBERT M. KERR, Late Punic Epigraphy: an Introduction to the Study of Neo-Punic and Latino-Punic Inscriptions (J.F. HEALEY) 309 Jean-Claude HAELEWYCK, Grammaire comparée des langues sémitiques: élements de phonétique, de morphologies et de syntaxe (J.F. HEALEY) 310 Suzanne SCHOLZ, Introducing the Women’s Hebrew Bible (Deborah ROOKE) 311 1 WECHSELWIRKUNG VON VOKALEN UND GUTTURALEN IM SEMITISCHEN UNTER DEM EINFLUSS ANDERER SPRACHEN: DIE BEISPIELE DES AKKADISCHEN UND HEBRÄISCHEN JAN KEETMAN ISTANBUL Abstract In this article it is argued that the sound shifts (*ai >) e > i and pharyngeal + a > e > e (both long and short) from Imperial Akkadian to Old Babylonian prove the existence of two vowel qualities of e in Imperial Akkadian. This may well be explained if we regard the sec ond sound shift as the shift of the pressing of the pharynx from a consonant to a vowel, probably under Sumerian influence, resulting in a vowel near a, like German ä, which may have existed in Sumerian. While in Akkadian some consonants where lost but left an imprint on the vowels, in Hebrew auxiliary vowels evolved which sus tained the pronunciation of nearly the same consonants. While Akkadian made a compromise, Hebrew resisted when its daily use faded or was even reconstructed in some communities in antiquity. a) Akkadisch Zu den Verdiensten des Buches von Rebecca Hasselbach über die syllabischen Texte des sargonischen Akkadischen1 gehört die nahezu lückenlose Beweisführung dafür, dass das Sargonic Akkadian (hier hinfort „Reichsakkadisch“) ein Vorläufer des Altbabylonischen (und mithin auch des Ur III-Akkadischen) ist.2 Übereinstimmungen mit 1 Hasselbach 2005. 2 Neben Stärken hat diese Arbeit leider auch zwei grundsätzliche Schwächen. Die erste ist die Vernachlässigung der Personennamen. Zwar hat Hasselbach Recht damit, dass das Material der Personennamen vom übrigen sprachlichen Material zu trennen ist, doch sollte auch es möglichst vollständig gesammelt und für sich er schlossen werden. Manche Probleme und auch Missverständnisse kommen daher, dass diese Arbeit nicht unternommen wurde. Die andere Schwäche ist die zum Teil ungenügende Rezeption ihrer Vorgänger. Man lese sich dazu z. B. die zum Teil DIE BEISPIELE DES AKKADISCHEN UND HEBRÄISCHEN 2 dem Assyrischen erklärt Hasselbach als Archaismen, die im späteren Babylonischen ausgefallen sind.3 L. Kogan und K. Markina haben eine Reihe berechtigter Einwände gegen diesen Standpunkt formu- liert. Unserer Meinung nach wird Hasselbachs uploads/Litterature/ journal-of-semitic-studies-vol-1-2009-pdf.pdf