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Acknowledgements This guide was compiled by: Sara Mitha, Segarani Naidoo and Da

Acknowledgements This guide was compiled by: Sara Mitha, Segarani Naidoo and David Thomas with input from the DUT Academics and Information Services Team. The electronic version of this guide is available at http://libguides.dut.ac.za/c.php?g=392076 Disclaimer Please be advised that there are many variations to the Harvard referencing style. This guide attempts to capture the latest practices and is customised for DUT. As this is a generic guide, please confirm with your department/supervisor for departmental preferences. Citation for this guide: Mitha, S., Naidoo, S. and Thomas, D. eds. 2017. Referencing guide: DUT Harvard referencing style. Durban: Durban University of Technology Library. i | P a g e Table of Contents Introduction ..................................................................................... 1 What is referencing? ...................................................................... 1 Why reference? ............................................................................... 1 Glossary ............................................................................................ 2 Steps to ensure academic integrity ............................................ 5 There are two key aspects to referencing: .............................. 6 Referencing tips: .............................................................................. 6 Books (print and online) 1. Single author .............................................................................. 7 2. Multiple authors ........................................................................ 8 3. Editor ........................................................................................... 9 4. Author / Editor unknown ..................................................... 10 5. Corporate author .................................................................. 11 6. Books without publication date .......................................... 12 7. Secondary sources ................................................................. 13 8. Chapters/Sections in a book ............................................... 14 9. Non-English title ..................................................................... 15 10. Book reviews ........................................................................... 16 11. Translated work ...................................................................... 17 12. Reports ...................................................................................... 18 13. Reference sources .................................................................. 19 Journals (print and online) 14. Journals with volume and part/issue number .................. 21 15. Journals without volume number ....................................... 22 16. Journals: special issues (supplementary issue) ................. 23 17. Journal article without an author ....................................... 24 18. Multiple citations for journal articles ................................. 25 19. Journal articles with article ID ............................................ 26 20. Journals (reference to more than one publication by same author in the same year) ................................................... 27 21. Journal without page numbers ............................................ 28 22. Secondary sources ................................................................. 29 23. Newspapers ............................................................................. 30 24. Conference proceedings ....................................................... 31 ii | P a g e 25. Papers in conference abstract volumes ............................ 32 Other Online Sources 26. Internet sources with author/s ........................................... 33 27. Internet sources without author/s ..................................... 34 28. Internet sources without a date ......................................... 35 29. Blogs (weblogs) / Wikis ........................................................ 36 30. Social networking sites (Facebook, Twitter, Bebo, etc.) ................................................................................................... 37 31. Computer programs .............................................................. 38 Government publications, patents, councils and miscellaneous documents (print and online) 32. Commissions with a chairperson ....................................... 39 33. Councils (as issuing bodies) ................................................. 40 34. Government reports ............................................................. 41 35. Government Gazettes .......................................................... 42 36. Green papers ........................................................................... 43 37. White papers (in Government Gazette) .......................... 44 38. White papers (not in Government Gazette) .................. 45 39. Laws or Acts ............................................................................ 46 40. Law cases .................................................................................. 47 41. Tax cases .................................................................................. 48 42. Patents ....................................................................................... 49 43. Standards .................................................................................. 50 Cartographic materials, images, artwork, video recordings 44. Cartographic material / Maps .............................................. 51 45. Artwork (images, paintings or photographs) .................. 52 46. Artwork (sculptures or carvings) ....................................... 53 47. Artwork (unknown creator or date) ................................ 54 48. TV programme / broadcast .................................................. 55 49. Film / Video recordings ......................................................... 56 50. Online video (YouTube, Vimeo) ........................................ 57 51. Live performances .................................................................. 58 Other sources (print and online) 52. Presentations, posters, policy documents ........................ 59 53. Lecture notes and study/learner/subject guides ............. 60 iii | P a g e 54. Meeting minutes ..................................................................... 61 55. Theses and Dissertations ..................................................... 62 56. Pamphlets / Brochures .......................................................... 63 57. Datasets .................................................................................... 64 58. Preprints ................................................................................... 65 59. Personal communications (telephone conversation, interviews and e-mail) .................................................................. 66 Useful websites .............................................................................. 67 Example of a reference list .......................................................... 68 1 | P a g e Introduction Durban University of Technology (DUT) aims to promote academic integrity and honesty. Referencing ensures academic integrity and prevents plagiarism. It is important to acknowledge the work of an author and the most accepted way is to use a referencing system. This guide outlines the Harvard Referencing style which most faculties at the University use. While there are variations to the “Harvard” system, this guide is compiled to suit the needs of both DUT staff and students. The guide will assist in proper referencing techniques when using the various reference sources. It shows you how to insert references in the text of your work (in-text reference) and how to compile a reference list or bibliography. This guide may be used in the absence of a departmental referencing guide. Consult a Subject Librarian for more information on referencing. What is referencing? Referencing is a method of acknowledging the sources of ideas, thoughts, opinions and information that have been used to compile assignments, projects, theses and dissertations. Why reference? It is good academic practice and is important for academic writing because:  it facilitates the tracing of the original source or verification of quotations  it shows the breadth and depth of the literature you have read or consulted  plagiarism is avoided by correctly referencing the various sources of information. 2 | P a g e Glossary Academic integrity: is ensuring honest and responsible practice, essentially all academic submissions should be an individual’s own work. Anonymous: a resource having an unknown or withheld authorship. Author: any person or entity responsible for a particular piece of work. This includes editors, compilers, composers, photographers, sculptors, persons interviewed or with whom there was personal communication. Bibliography: list of sources, arranged in alphabetical order, that have been consulted to compile your assignment, project, etc., but which are not necessarily cited in the written document. Note: In academic writing one usually submits a “Reference list” rather than a “Bibliography”. Citation: a written reference to a specific work or portion of a work. Citing: to mention, quote by way of an example or bring forward as support, illustration, proof or authority. Copyright: a legal right that gives the author of an original work exclusive rights for a certain time period in relation to that work, including its publication, distribution and adaptation. Corporate author: an organisation or group of persons (associations, institutions, companies, etc.) that are identified by a corporate or group name and acts as an entity responsible for a particular body or piece of work, e.g. Durban University of Technology (DUT). Direct quotation: a phrase or paragraph or part of the original text which has been repeated in exactly the same way as the original piece of work. 3 | P a g e Digital Object Identifier (DOI): allows online articles to be easily found. The DOI can be used instead of the website address (URL). EndNote: Referencing management software available to registered DUT staff and students. EndNote is used to store and organise references, to search online databases, retrieve full text articles and to create a reference list. Detailed information on how to download and use EndNote is available via the DUT Library website: http://library.dut.ac.za/research-support/research-tools/ Footnotes: Reference details of sources of information used, recorded at the bottom of the page. In-text referencing: the insertion of brief references, in the appropriate places in the text to sources that are being cited by the academic work. Journal, serials or periodicals: sources which are published periodically, i.e. weekly, monthly, yearly, etc. Examples are newspapers, magazines and yearbooks. Mendeley: Reference management software that assists in managing and organising your references. Online database: collection of information arranged in a systematic way to make the search easy and fast. The University subscribes to different databases such as EBSCOhost, ProQuest, Sabinet. Paraphrasing: expressing someone else’s ideas, thoughts or work in your own words. Plagiarism: Plagiarism is the theft of a person's ideas, work or writing. It occurs when work is submitted without the acknowledgement of the original source. 4 | P a g e Preprint: A preprint is any scholarly article, manuscript, draft or working paper that has not yet been peer-reviewed and published in an academic journal. A preprint is uploaded to a public server by the author and can be updated and resubmitted at any time. Published source: any information source, whether in print or electronic format, that is made available to the public. Reference list: an alphabetical list (by author’s surname or corporate author) of books, articles, websites or any other sources, that have been consulted during the writing of your assignments, projects, research papers, dissertation, thesis, etc. In the absence of author’s surname, use the title. SafeAssign: a plagiarism software for undergraduates, that is available through BlackBoard. Source: a person or group, a book, an article, a thesis, or any other work that provides information. Summarising: expressing someone else’s ideas, thoughts or work in your own words, in a short or abbreviated form. Turnitin: is an online service that the University subscribes to. It is used as an originality checker to detect plagiarism. This is a tool for postgraduates. Unpublished source: any information source that has not been published. 5 | P a g e Steps to ensure academic integrity •books •journals •websites •lecture notes Step 1: Consult different information sources to find the information you need •generate manually •import from source (EndNote) Step 2: Keep records of sources consulted (bibliographic details) •in-text (reference within the text or body of the uploads/Litterature/ reference-guide 7 .pdf