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Vasu bandhu VASUBANDHU Because of his innumerable star-eyes Varun a was regarded as omniscient His knowledge and his function as a moral judge were the chief sources of his power as he had no remarkable achievements to his credit He watched over human bei

VASUBANDHU Because of his innumerable star-eyes Varun a was regarded as omniscient His knowledge and his function as a moral judge were the chief sources of his power as he had no remarkable achievements to his credit He watched over human beings When two persons conversed he was the invisible third when anyone sinned Varun a a icted the transgressor with disease and until the god relented the victim would not be restored to health In the solemn Varun apragha sa rite a seasonal sacri ?ce the sacri ?cer ? s wife was required to confess her sin i e conjugal in ?delity before the o ?ciating priest This is a unique instance of confession of sin in the early Vedic literature and Varun a was the god associated with this sacri ?ce The punishment he meted out in such cases was called a ??seizure ? hence the elaborate prayers to Varun a for forgiveness of sins In later literature Varun a ? s ethical role diminishes but early texts frequently associate his majesty or supremacy with his function as upholder of the moral order referred to in the R gveda as r ta or sometimes dharma i e ??that which upholds ? or satya ??truth ? In the Avesta this all-pervasive moral order that controls and regularly maintains the cosmic forces is arata a ?sa urta or arta a cardinal concept in Zoroastrianism it is ?rst mentioned in the Tel-el- Amarna Tablet c fourteenth century BCE R ta is Varun a ? s special domain and it is often mentioned in connection with him Another concept associated with Varun a is the magical power known as ma ya for example Asura ? s i e Varun a ? s ma ya In the Vedic context ma ya meant both wisdom and power With his ma ya Varun a envelops the night and creates the dawn Ma ya predominantly links him with demons for in later literature asura meant ??demon ? and demons wielded ma ya Varun a ? s dark associations bring him close to the primarily chthonic gods such as Yama Nirr ti Soma and Rudra As a chthonic god Varun a is associated with snakes indeed in Buddhist literature he is sometimes called the ??king of snakes ? with barren black cows or with deformed and ugly creatures His ritual symbols are dark depraved and deformed things or creatures His son Bhr gu is said to have descended into hell His connection with Vasistha however goes back to Indo-Iranian times In the Avesta Asha Vahishta Vedic R ta Va ?sis t ha is one of the Amesha Spentas who were Ahura Mazda ? s active assistants Varun a is Soma ? s brother Of his wife Varun ani nothing more than her name is known The dynamic character of Varun a ? s mythological career subsided in the later Vedic literature where he is associated with the celestial waters In the epics and Puranas however his domain