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Wave guide 4 Waveguide A waveguide is an electromagnetic feed line used in microwave communications broadcasting and radar installations A waveguide consists of a rectangular or cylindrical metal tube or pipe The electromagnetic ?eld propagates lengthwise

Waveguide A waveguide is an electromagnetic feed line used in microwave communications broadcasting and radar installations A waveguide consists of a rectangular or cylindrical metal tube or pipe The electromagnetic ?eld propagates lengthwise Waveguides are most often used with horn antenna s and dish antenna s An electromagnetic ?eld can propagate along a waveguide in various ways Two common modes are known as transverse- magnetic TM and transverseelectric TE In TM mode the magnetic lines of ux are perpendicular to the axis of the waveguide In TE mode the electric lines of ux are perpendicular to the axis of the waveguide Either mode can provide low loss and high e ?ciency as long as the interior of the waveguide is kept clean and dry To function properly a waveguide must have a certain minimum diameter relative to the wavelength of the signal If the waveguide is too narrow or the frequency is too low the wavelength is too long the electromagnetic ?elds cannot propagate At any frequency above the cuto ? the lowest frequency at which the waveguide is large enough the feed line will work well although certain operating characteristics vary depending on the number of wavelengths in the cross section C