1 1. Basic Phrases ./ les expressions de base Bonjour /b u / ɔ ɔ ʒ ʀ Hello / Go

1 1. Basic Phrases ./ les expressions de base Bonjour /b u / ɔ ɔ ʒ ʀ Hello / Good day / Good morning Bonsoir /b swa / ɔ ɔ ʀ Good evening Bonne nuit /b n n i/ ɔ ɥ Good night (only said when going to bed) Salut /saly/ Hi / Bye Au revoir / (ə)vwa / ɔʀ ʀ Goodbye S'il vous plaît / S'il te plaît /sil vu pl / ɛ Please (formal / informal) Merci (beaucoup) /m si boku/ ɛʀ Thank you (very much) De rien. /də j / ʀ ɛ ɔ You're welcome. Je vous en prie. / əvu z pri/ ʒ ɑ ɔ You're welcome. (formal) / Go ahead. Bienvenu(e) /bj vəny/ ɛ ɔ Welcome (also You're welcome in Quebec) Allons-y! /al zi/ ɔ ɔ Let's go! A tout à l'heure /a tu ta lœ / ʀ See you in a little while A plus tard /a ply ta / ʀ See you later A bientôt /a bj to/ ɛ ɔ See you soon A demain /a dəm / ɛ ɔ See you tomorrow Je suis désolé(e) /dez le/ ɔ I'm sorry Pardon ! /pa d / ʀ ɔ ɔ Excuse me! (pushing through a crowd) / Sorry! (stepped on someone's foot) Excusez-moi ! /ekskyze mwa/ Excuse me! (getting someone's attention) / I'm sorry! (more formal apology) Comment allez-vous ? /k m tale vu/ ɔ ɑ ɔ How are you? (formal) Je vais bien / ə ve bj / ʒ ɛ ɔ I'm fine. Très bien / mal / pas mal /t bj / /mal/ /pa mal/ ʀɛ ɛ ɔ Very good / bad / not bad Ça va ? /sa va/ How are you? (informal) Ça va. /sa va/ I'm fine. (informal response to Ça va ?) Oui / non /wi/ /n / ɔ ɔ Yes / no Comment vous appelez-vous ? /k m vu zaple vu/ ɔ ɑ ɔ What's your name? (formal) Tu t'appelles comment ? /ty tap l k m / ɛ ɔ ɑ ɔ What's your name? (informal) Je m'appelle... / ə map l/ ʒ ɛ My name is... Enchanté(e) / te/ ɑ ɔ ʃɑ ɔ Nice to meet you. Monsieur, Madame, Mademoiselle /məsjø/ /madam/ /madwaz l/ ɛ Mister, Misses, Miss Mesdames et Messieurs /medam/ /mesjø/ Ladies and gentlemen Vous êtes d'où ? / Vous venez d'où ? /vu z t du/ /vu vəne du/ ɛ Where are you from? (formal) Tu es d'où ? / Tu viens d'où ? /ty du/ /ty vj du/ ɛ ɛ ɔ Where are you from? (informal) Je suis de... / Je viens de... / ə s i də/ / ə vj də/ ʒ ɥ ʒ ɛ ɔ I am from... Où habitez-vous ? /u abite vu/ Where do you live? (formal) Tu habites où ? /ty abit u/ Where do you live? (informal) J'habite à... / abit a/ ʒ I live in... Quel âge avez-vous ? /k l ave vu/ ɛ ɑʒ How old are you? (formal) Tu as quel âge ? /ty k l / ɑ ɛ ɑʒ How old are you? (informal) J'ai ____ ans. / e __ / ʒ ɑ ɔ I am ____ years old. Parlez-vous français ? / Tu parles anglais ? Je parle allemand. / ə pa l alm // ʒ ʀ ɑ Je ne parle pas espagnol. / ə nə pa l pa spa l/ ʒ ʀ ɛ ɲɔ 2 /pa le vu fr s / /ty pa l gl / ʀ ɑ ɔ ɛ ʀ ɑ ɔ ɛ Do you speak French? (formal) / Do you speak English? (informal) I speak German. I don't speak Spanish. Comprenez-vous? / Tu comprends? /k p əne vu/ /ty k p / ɔ ɔ ʀ ɔ ɔ ʀɑ ɔ Do you understand? (formal / informal) Je comprends / ə k p / ʒ ɔ ɔ ʀɑ ɔ I understand Je ne comprends pas / ə nə k p pa/ ʒ ɔ ɔ ʀɑ ɔ I don't understand Pouvez-vous m'aider ? / Tu peux m'aider ? /puve vu mede/ /ty pø mede/ Can you help me? (formal / informal) Bien sûr. /bj sy / ɛ ɔ ʀ Of course. Comment ? /k m / ɔ ɑ ɔ What? Pardon? Tenez / Tiens /təne/ /tj / ɛ ɔ Hey / Here (formal / informal) Je sais / ə s / ʒ ɛ I know Je ne sais pas / ən s pa/ ʒ ɛ I don't know Où est ... / Où sont ... ? /u / /u s / ɛ ɔ ɔ Where is ... / Where are ... ? Voici / Voilà /vwasi/ /vwala/ Here is/are... / There it is. Il y a ... / Il y avait... /il i a/ /il i av / ɛ There is / are... / There was / were... Comment dit-on ____ en français ? /k m di t __ f s / ɔ ɑ ɔ ɔ ɔ ɑ ɔ ʀɑ ɔ ɛ How do you say ____ in French? Qu'est-ce que c'est que ça ? /k s kə s kə sa/ ɛ ɛ What is that? Qu'est-ce qu'il y a ? /k s kil i a/ ɛ What's the matter? Ça ne fait rien. /sa nə f j / ɛ ʀ ɛ ɔ It doesn't matter. Qu'est-ce qui se passe ? /k s ki sə pas/ ɛ What's happening? Je n'ai aucune idée. / ə ne okyn ide/ ʒ I have no idea. Je suis fatigué(e) / Je suis malade. / ə s i fati e/ / ə s i malad/ ʒ ɥ ɡ ʒ ɥ I'm tired / I'm sick. J'ai faim / J'ai soif. / e f / / e swaf/ ʒ ɛ ɔ ʒ I'm hungry / I'm thirsty. J'ai chaud / J'ai froid. / e o/ / e f w / ʒ ʃ ʒ ʀ ɑ I'm hot / I'm cold. Je m'ennuie. / ə m n i/ ʒ ɑ ɔ ɥ I'm bored. Ça m'est égal. / Je m'en fiche. /sa m te al/ / ə m fi / ɛ ɡ ʒ ɑ ɔ ʃ It's the same to me / I don't care. (informal) Ne vous en faites pas. / Ne t'en fais pas. /nə vu f t pa/ /nə t f pa/ ɑ ɔ ɛ ɑ ɔ ɛ Don't worry (formal / informal) Ce n'est pas grave. /sə n pa g av/ ɛ ʀ It's no problem. / It's alright. J'ai oublié. / e ublije/ ʒ I forgot. Je dois y aller. / ə dwa i ale/ ʒ I must go. A vos souhaits ! / A tes souhaits ! /a vo sw / /a te sw / ɛ ɛ Bless you! (formal / informal) Félicitations ! /felisitasj / ɔ ɔ Congratulations! Bonne chance ! /b n s/ ɔ ʃɑ ɔ Good luck! C'est à vous ! / C'est à toi ! /s ta vu/ /s ta tw / ɛ ɛ ɑ It's your turn! (formal / informal) Taisez-vous ! / Tais-toi ! /t ze vu/ /t tw / ɛ ɛ ɑ Shut up! / Be quiet! (formal / informal) Je vous aime / Je t'aime / ə vu z m/ / ə t m/ ʒ ɛ ʒ ɛ I love you (formal & plural / informal) Tu me manques. /ty mə m k/ ɑ ɔ I miss you. (informal) Quoi de neuf ? /kw də nœf/ ɑ What's new? Pas grand-chose. /pa g oz/ ʀɑ ɔ ʃ Not a whole lot. Notice that French has informal and formal ways of saying things. This is because there is more than one meaning to "you" in French (as well as in many other languages.) The informal you is used when talking to close friends, relatives, animals or children. The formal you is used when talking to someone you just met, do not know well, or someone for whom you would like to show respect (a professor, for example.) There is also a plural you, used when speaking to more than one person. Also notice that some words take an extra e, shown in parentheses. If the word refers to a woman or is spoken by a woman, then the e is added in spelling; but in most cases, it does not change the 3 pronunciation. To make verbs negative, French adds ne before the verb and pas after it. However, the ne is frequently dropped in spoken French, although it must appear in written French. Informal French expressions and slang vocabulary at the Informal French tutorial 2. Pronunciation / la prononciation For a more in-depth look at French pronunciation, try to the French Phonetics tutorial. French Vowels IPA Phonetic spelling Sample words General spellings [i] Ee vie, midi, lit, riz i, y [y] ee rounded rue, jus, tissu, usine U [e] Ay blé, nez, cahier, pied é, et, final er and ez [ø] ay rounded jeu, yeux, queue, bleu Eu [ ] ɛ Eh lait, aile, balai, reine e, è, ê, ai, ei, ais [œ] eh rounded sœur, œuf, fleur, beurre œu, eu [a] Ah uploads/s3/ french-basics.pdf

  • 41
  • 0
  • 0
Afficher les détails des licences
Licence et utilisation
Gratuit pour un usage personnel Attribution requise
Partager