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B RI LL BRILL A IDC PUBLISHER S P U R L 1 5 H E R S NEAR AND FAR EASTERN HISTOR

B RI LL BRILL A IDC PUBLISHER S P U R L 1 5 H E R S NEAR AND FAR EASTERN HISTORY AND ARCHAEOLOGY Guide Near and Far Eastern History and Archaeology including: - Carl Whiting Bishop Papers - Catalogue of the Herzfeld Archive - Photographs of Antoin Sevruguin Advisor: Colleen Hennessey, Archivist Freer Gallery of Art & Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Archives, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. Register to the Papers of Carl Whiting Bishop in the Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Archives Compiled by Colleen Hennessey Archivist Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Archives Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. 1999 Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Archives Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. 1999 iii THE GALLERIES The Freer Gallery of Art and the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery form the national museum of Asian art for the United States. Under the auspices of the Smithsonian Institution, they house the nation's collections of Asian art and are dedicated to exhibition, research, and education programs that enhance awareness and understanding of Asia. The Freer Gallery of Art holds some of the world's finest Asian art, and was a gift to the nation from the Detroit industrialist and art collector Charles Lang Freer (1854-1919)., The Gallery, which opened to the public in 1923 as the Smithsonian's first fine arts museum, contains a growing Asian collection of twenty-six thousand objects comprising Chinese, Japanese, Korean, South and Southeast Asian and West Asian art.. The Freer Gallery also houses significant 19th- and early 20th-century American Art that includes the world's most important collection of works by James McNeill Whistler (1843-1903) In accordance with the founder's wishes, only works in the permanent collection are shown at the Gallery, The Arthur M. Sackler Gallery was inaugurated as a separate museum in 1987 to increase the range of Asian art activities at the Smithsonian and to develop an active international loan exhibition program, The Sackler Gallery's growing collection of Asian art is founded on a gift of one thousand masterworks given by the late medical researcher, publisher, and art collector Dr. Arthur M. Sackler (1913-1987). The Gallery houses ancient Chinese jades and bronzes, ancient Near Eastern metalwork, South Asian sculpture and paintings from Iran and India.. Since the Gallery's inauguration, the collection has been augmented with contemporary Japanese ceramics and prints, South Asian textiles and village arts, Chinese paintings and contemporary photographs. Administered by a single staff, the Freer and Sackler Galleries are located in adjoining buildings on the National Mall. THE ARCHIVES The Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Archives, under the administration of the Freer and Sackler Library, serves as a depository for the records of the two galleries and has a mission to collect and preserve primary source materials that support the holdings of the two museums. It seeks to acquire new collections, prepare collections for research use, and create and maintain research tools in an effort to make these materials available to the staff of the two galleries, research scholars, students, and the general public. As a user of the Research Libraries Group, the Archives enters its cataloguing records into the automated information network RL1N. The Archives is open for research, by appointment. For information telephone (202) 357-4880, extension 341, or write the Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Archives at the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institution, 1050 Independence Avenue., S.,W,, Washington, D.C. 20560-0707, iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Fieldwork conducted by Carl Whiting Bishop (1881-1942) during the early twentieth century in China was carried out at a time when such investigations were still in their pioneer phase, Bishop's report written to describe the first Gallery-sponsored archaeological researches in northern and central China, and his accompanying photographic illustrations, were done for the benefit of specialists in the field as well as students of antiquity. It is appropriate, therefore, that since his death in 1942, this manuscript and other materials he created have been preserved, catalogued, and made readily available for scholarly analysis in the archives of the Freer and Sackler Galleries. Many people have contributed to this effort. During Bishop's lifetime, it was Daisy Furscott Bishop, his wife and companion in China, who ably assisted him with many of these records. In 1976, Sarah Newmeyer organized the Bishop Collection in the Freer Gallery of Art, as a thesis equivalent, in partial fulfillment for the degree of Master of' Arts in Museology at the George Washington University.. Her work to catalogue his photographs and the art and study objects he accumulated during the fieldwork has been invaluable. In 1988, intern Cynthia Mead carefully rehoused many of the manuscript materials. During the summer of 1995, generous support received from the Richard Louie Memorial Fund made possible the summer internship of Konrad Fiedler, Thanks to his efforts, much of Bishop's correspondence, financial material, and the archaeological news clippings in the Gallery's official records were made available for use. I am grateful to Thomas Lawton, former director of the Freer Gallery of Art, who shared with the archivist his knowledge of the Gallery's history and understanding of the materials; and to Douglas M. Haller, Head Archivist, and Alessandro Pezzati, Reference Archivist, of the University of'Pennsylvania Museum Archives, Philadelphia, who kindly provided information about their document holdings related to the University of Pennsylvania Museum- sponsored field work in East Asia carried out by Bishop. We are especially appreciative for the review efforts of editor Liesbeth Hugenholtz, the typing of the subject index by Hanny van der Zalm-Prijs, and the fine photographic filming work of Peter Moerkerk of IDC Publishers.. Shu Yue and Rieko Yoshimura of the library staff did much to assist in the final preparations, as did conservator Martha Smith, Christine Hennessey, and volunteer Barbara Schultz who was helpful with the layout of the finding aid. Mostly, I am indebted to Lily Chia-jen Kecskes, Head Librarian, who assisted greatly with this register.. Her time and expertise taken to fully review and compile descriptions of the photographic materials, prepare a bibliography, and clarify the romanization of certain Chinese personal and place-names contributed immeasurably to the finding aid, bringing this project to fruition.. Colleen Hennessey Archivist v CONTENTS Page Introduction 1 Biographical Information 2 Note on Scope and Content 3 Organization and Arrangement 4 Series Descriptions Series 1: Manuscript 5 Series 2: Still Photo Prints 6 Numeric List 6 Subject Index 9 Series 3: Photograph Books 42 Book I 42 Book II 50 Book III 53 Book IV 55 Bibliography 57 vii INTRODUCTION The Freer Gallery of Art was conceived by its founder Charles Lang Freer (1854-1919) as a museum and research institution, whose mission would include "the encouragement of the study of the civilization of the Far East," Even before the Freer Gallery opened to the public in May of 1923, fieldwork had been started in China under the arrangement of then FGA director John Ellerton Lodge (1878-1942), A joint expedition was made by the Freer Gallery of'Art and the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, from 20 February 1923 to 6 August-1927, and a FGA sponsored expedition was conducted from 16 November 1929 to 11 April 1934. The primary purpose of the program was to create a defined equitable agreement between the Chinese and American scientific communities for cooperative archaeological research in China, with the approval of the Chinese government, From the outset, less emphasis was placed on amassing archaeological collections or even of conducting field work.. Both expeditions were headed by Carl Whiting Bishop (1881-1942), Associate Curator of the FGA from 1922 to 1934, and Associate in Archaeology of the FGA from 1934 until his death in 1942. Bishop's field assistants included Archibald Gibson Wenley (1989-1962); Kwang-zung Tung; and Harvard University and Ch'ing hua University trained Dr,. Li Chi (1896-1979). Additional assistance came from Daisy Furscott Bishop and Elise Wenley. Research was further aided by numerous scholars and diplomats such as Ch'iu Shan-yuan (Ch'iu Tzu-yuan), Vice Director of the Historical Museum in Peking; Dr. Henry S. Houghton, Director of the Union Medical College; Dr, Jacob Gould Schurman (1854-1942), the American Minister to China; and Dr.. V.K. Ting, Honorary Director-, and W.H. Wong, Vice-Director, of the Geological Survey of China. Their work helped to facilitate the founding of the Chinese Archaeological Society, which set the guidelines for the excavations and determined the site selections. Permissions to dig were granted by the Peking Historical Commission. Any archaeological finds would be shared in return for cooperation, Major excavation sites included: Hsin-cheng Hsien, near Cheng-chou, Honan Province; the neolithic site at Wan-ch'uan Hsien, Shansi Province; the tombs of Ho Chu-ping, Honan Province; the examination of the "White Horse Temple," Shansi Province; and the historic initial excavations at Anyang, Honan Province, in cooperation with the Academia Sinica., Increasing nationalism ended the FGA expeditions to China in 1934, It was perhaps Bishop's work with the young FGA field staff member Dr. Li Chi, later a distinguished member of the Academia Sinica, that was one of the most lasting aspects of uploads/Geographie/ 255-guide.pdf