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Published by Sino-German Company Working Group on Industrie 4.0 and Intelligent

Published by Sino-German Company Working Group on Industrie 4.0 and Intelligent Manufacturing (AGU) Expert Group Artificial Intelligence AI Application Guide AI Application Guide Sino-German Company Working Group on Industrie 4.0 and Intelligent Manufacturing (AGU) Expert Group Artificial Intelligence Published by: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH Registered Offices Bonn and Eschborn GIZ Office China Sunflower Tower 1100 37 Maizidian Street, Chaoyang District 100125 Beijing, PR China T +86 10 8527 5180 E giz-china@giz.de I www.giz.de/china Sino-German Industrie 4.0 Project Tayuan Diplomatic Office Building 2-5 14 Liangmahe Nanlu, Chaoyang District 100600 Beijing, PR China T +86 10 8532 4845 F +86 10 8532 4266 E info@i40-china.org I www.i40-china.org China Center for Information Industry Development (CCID) CCID Mansion 66 Zi Zhu Yuan Road 100048 Beijing, PR China T +86 10 68200219 F +86 10 88558833 E ljt@ccidgroup.com I www.ccidgroup.com This publication is a result of close cooperation between multiple entities in Germany and China including the Sino-German Company Working Group on Industrie 4.0 and Intelligent Manufacturing (AGU) Expert Group Artificial Intelligence in support of the MoU signed in 2015 between BMWi and MIIT following the 2014 joint action plan “Shaping Innovation Together.” Since 2016, the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, commissioned by BMWi, and the China Center for Information Industry Development (CCID) are the implementing bodies for the cooperation on the German and the Chinese side, respectively. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of GIZ, CCID or the governments they represent. GIZ and CCID do not guarantee the accuracy or the completeness of the information included in this work and cannot be held responsible for any errors, omissions or losses which emerge from its use. Design and layout: Beijing Zhuochuang Advertising Co. Ltd., Beijing Photo credits/sources: Franck V., Unsplash Beijing, August 2020 Contents Executive Summary. ....................................................................................................................................................................................3 1. Introduction. ................................................................................................................................................................................................4 1.1 Background of the Development of Artificial Intelligence in China and Germany. ...........................................................................4 1.1.1 China and Germany Attach Great Importance to the Development of Artificial Intelligence and Manufacturing. ........................................................................................................................................................................................................4 1.1.2 China’s Strategy for Promoting the Integration of Artificial Intelligence and the Manufacturing Industry. ........4 1.1.3 Germany’s Strategy for Promoting the Integration of Artificial Intelligence and the Manufacturing Industry. ........5 1.2 Background of Cooperation Framework of Sino-German Intelligent Manufacturing. .......................................................................6 1.3 Scope and Objective of this Guide. ..................................................................................................................................................................................7 1.4 Structure and Research Methodology. ............................................................................................................................................................................8 2. Analysis of Use Cases. ........................................................................................................................................................................8 2.1 Design. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................8 2.1.1 Case 1: Intelligent Product Design. .....................................................................................................................................................................8 2.2 Manufacturing. ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................9 2.2.1 Case 2: Adaptive Modular Intelligent Manufacturing Solution. .........................................................................................................9 2.2.2 Case 3: Visual Inspection. ......................................................................................................................................................................................10 2.2.3 Case 4: Defect Detection in Flat-Panel Manufacturing. ......................................................................................................................12 2.2.4 Case 5: Product Quality Prediction. ..................................................................................................................................................................13 2.3 Supply Chain Management. .................................................................................................................................................................................................13 2.3.1 Case 6: Supply Chain Segmentation Analytics. .........................................................................................................................................14 2.3.2 Case 7: Network & Flow Path Optimisation...............................................................................................................................................15 2.4 Operations. ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................17 2.4.1 Case 8: Asset Intelligence Network. ................................................................................................................................................................17 2.4.2 Case 9: Intelligent Manufacturing - Predictive Maintenance. .........................................................................................................18 2.4.3 Case 10: Predictive Maintenance for Auto Production Line. ............................................................................................................19 3. Conclusion and Recommendations. ...........................................................................................................................................20 3.1 Challenges. ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................20 3.1.1 Readiness of AI technology for Commercial Usage. .............................................................................................................................20 3.1.2 Social and Ethical Impact. .....................................................................................................................................................................................20 3.1.3 Missing Regulatory Framework. .........................................................................................................................................................................21 3.1.4 AI Skills and Employment. .....................................................................................................................................................................................21 3.2 Outlook. ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................21 3.2.1 AI shapes future. ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................21 3.2.2 AI on Industry. ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................22 3.2.3 AI on Consumer. ............................................................................................................................................................................................................22 3.3 Recommendations to the Sino-German Dialogue. ................................................................................................................................................22 3.3.1 Establish close Sino-German collaborations with tangible projects. .......................................................................................22 3.3.2 Guide the improvement and raise awareness. ..........................................................................................................................................23 3.3.3 Optimise the development environment. .......................................................................................................................................................23 3.3.4 Create a smart carrier and improve supply capacity. .........................................................................................................................23 3.3.5 Deepen international cooperation. ....................................................................................................................................................................23 3.3.6 Strengthen the ethical research of AI. ..........................................................................................................................................................24 3.3.7 Improve AI governance. ...........................................................................................................................................................................................24 3.3.8 Improve AI public acceptance. ............................................................................................................................................................................24 3.4 Recommendations to Chinese and German Enterprises. .................................................................................................................................24 3.4.1 Impact of AI on Industry. ........................................................................................................................................................................................24 3.4.2 Organisational Recommendations. ....................................................................................................................................................................25 3.4.3 Develop an AI strategy. ...........................................................................................................................................................................................25 3.4.4 Adapt to rapid technological changes. ..........................................................................................................................................................25 3.4.5 Conduct a risk assessment. ..................................................................................................................................................................................25 3.4.6 Stick to the scene-oriented advance. .............................................................................................................................................................26 3.4.7 Build an AI ecosystem to collaborate. ...........................................................................................................................................................26 3.4.8 Bring together high-quality talents. ................................................................................................................................................................26 References. .....................................................................................................................................................................................................27 Acknowledgements. ..................................................................................................................................................................................29 3 AI Application Guide Sino-German Company Working Group on Industrie 4.0 and Intelligent Manufacturing (AGU) Expert Group Artificial Intelligence Executive Summary Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a dynamic field with a wide array of applications and expands rapidly into many industries including all areas of manufacturing, hence, relevant planners, policymakers and engineers now face new challenges vis-à-vis AI and its technologies. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a common understanding among experts to meet these challenges. Working in the industry and on expert level, the Sino-German Company Working Group on Industrie 4.0 and Intelligent Manufacturing (AGU) Expert Group Artificial Intelligence (EG AI) aims to increase awareness of recent technological developments of AI. Furthermore, the EG AI fosters AI technological exchanges between German and Chinese companies and identifies opportunities and challenges for continued AI development. This guide aims to describe the application of AI in manufacturing in Germany and China and is primarily targeted at individuals and units of manufacturing companies as well as third-party consulting or service companies that continue to face challenges in leveraging AI technologies and systems to improve production processes and support services. The practical case studies provide inspiration and concrete guidance for the selection and application of AI technology. To harness the potential of AI in manufacturing for both countries, this guide identifies solutions and policy recommendations for Sino-German cooperation on AI applications in Intelligent Manufacturing. Chapter 1 describes the framework conditions of both countries as well as the objective, structure and research methodology of this guide. Chapter 2 introduces 10 use cases from German and Chinese companies, focusing on the main segments in the production and manufacturing processes. These use cases cover key applications of AI in the German and Chinese manufacturing industry and are grouped into four areas: design, manufacturing, supply chain management and operations. Further, the use cases are analysed based on a unified structure. First, the business background and possible challenges are described, then solutions and benefits for stakeholders are outlined. Finally, suggestions to German and Chinese enterprises are given for each use case. After analysing the use cases, Chapter 3 summarises the main challenges faced by applying AI in the field of manufacturing, addresses future development prospects, and puts forward practical suggestions for German and Chinese enterprises and the governments. The main challenges identified in this guide include the readiness of AI technology for commercial usage, the social and ethical impact, the missing regulatory framework and the consequences on employment as well as the necessity of upskilling the workforce. In terms of future prospects, this guide describes the shaping force of AI, four future trends of AI in manufacturing as well as consumers'expectations and concerns. This Chapter also recommends that the Sino-German dialogue establishes tangible projects, raises awareness, optimises the development environment, improves capacity, deepens international cooperation and research on AI ethics, and improves governance and public acceptance. In addition, Chapter 3 also provides practical recommendations to the German and Chinese enterprises in terms of industry impact, organisational strategy, technological changes, risk assessment, AI ecosystems and talents. 4 AI Application Guide Sino-German Company Working Group on Industrie 4.0 and Intelligent Manufacturing (AGU) Expert Group Artificial Intelligence 1. Introduction 1.1 Background of the Development of Artificial Intelligence in China and Germany 1.1.1 China and Germany Attach Great Importance to the Development of Artificial Intelligence and Manufacturing Economic innovation, industrial transformation and upgrading manufacturing processes are common goals of all countries in the world today. The manufacturing industry is the foundation of the real economy, the driving core of economic and social development, and inarguably plays a leading role in the development of national economies. Promoting a high-quality development of the manufacturing industry plays an important role in raising the overall level of development of national economies. China has proposed to build a modern economic system and has determined that the focus of economic development should be placed on the real economy, with improving the quality of the supply system, accelerating the construction of a strong manufacturing power and the development of an advanced manufacturing industry as its main direction. Germany is also eager to upgrade its manufacturing sector, maintain a stable development of the country and continue strengthening its central role in the EU economic system. To this end, China and Germany have put forward a strategy on Intelligent Manufacturing and Industrie 4.0, both of which hope to promote the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry by deepening the integration of information technology and manufacturing. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a rapidly developing new generation of information technology that has been recognised as an important technology for widespread application, innovation and technological progress. The World Economic Forum1 describes AI as the engine of Intelligent Manufacturing and Industrie 4.0. It fosters new economic growth and brings direct contribution to economic and social development. It also stimulates a wide range of complementary innovation through spill-over effects, brings greater economic benefits and, thus, affects the entire economic system and all aspects of society. uploads/Industriel/ ai-guide.pdf