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TEACHER’S GUIDE Table of Contents Introduction.................................

TEACHER’S GUIDE Table of Contents Introduction..........................................................................................2 Worksheet/Math Scavenger Hunt #1................................................4 Introductory Activities ........................................................................5 Worksheet/Math Scavenger Hunt #2................................................6 Handout/Solving Word Problems ......................................................7 Working With Proportions/Percentages ..........................................8 Money-Related Lessons ....................................................................14 Computing Averages, Mean, Median and Mode ............................16 Finding Percentages ..........................................................................18 Worksheet/Job Percentages ............................................................19 Measurement ....................................................................................20 Worksheet/Math Scavenger Hunt #3..............................................22 Math Anxiety......................................................................................23 Handout/Math Anxiety at School ....................................................24 Handout/Math Anxiety at Home......................................................25 Money Matters ..................................................................................26 Worksheet/Budgeting for an Apartment ........................................28 Worksheet/The Million-Dollar Mission ..........................................30 Fun Math Tips and Tricks ..................................................................31 Other Financial Literacy Lessons ....................................................32 Financial Literacy Glossary ..............................................................41 Roman Numerals ..............................................................................42 Handout/Math Scavenger Hunt #4 ................................................43 Word Problems ..................................................................................44 Math Quick Hits ................................................................................46 Resources ..........................................................................................47 TEACHER’S GUIDE By the Numbers: Mathematical Connections in Newspapers for Middle-Grade Students A project of the Newspaper Association of America Foundation The NAA Foundation strives to develop engaged and literate citizens in our diverse society through investment in and support of programs designed to enhance student achievement through newspaper readership and appreciation of the First Amendment. Text by Hot Topics/Hot Serials Edited by Marina Hendricks Design by Brecher Design Group NAA Foundation 1921 Gallows Road, Suite 600 Vienna, VA 22182-3900 (703) 902-1728 www.naafoundation.org By the Numbers: Mathematical Connections in Newspapers for Middle-Grade Students Mathematical Connections in Newspapers for Middle-Grade Students Introduction Mathematics may be more important now than ever. Math is the language of technology, and it is used to solve problems in engineering, economics, communication and many other diverse fields. Math enables us to advance our understanding of our ever-changing world and to manage the technologies that help us to live successful and productive lives. Strong math skills are vital as we move forward in the information age. The middle grades are critical to developing those skills, as students continue to build on the mathematical learning foundation they began in elementary school. Their conceptions about themselves and their abilities will form the strategies with which they approach learning throughout the rest of their lives. Ultimately, those self-concepts will have an impact on their opportunities in life. It is extremely important, then, that students find the math experience in middle school both demanding and supportive. For this reason and others, teachers are challenged daily to find new ways of engaging students in learning by using meaningful activities and relevant material. It is clear that students learn best when they are motivated and studying material that is relevant to their lives. The newspaper is of tremendous value in bringing the real world of authentic data into the classroom. Newspapers motivate students by offering them the opportunity to learn with reality. Students can put the concepts they learn into the context of the here and now. In addition, newspapers are adaptable to all levels of ability and interest. The wide variety of features provides something interesting for every reader. From the front-page news to sports to the comics, students are sure to find material that makes them want to interact with the printed word. Newspapers build lifelong reading habits because they provide material that people can read from childhood through adulthood. Newspapers incorporated into the math curriculum make an impact on lifelong learning. Remedial Tools Newspapers are excellent remedial teaching tools, too, because they appear to be an adult medium and yet can be used by learners at lower levels without fear of embarrassment. Incorporating newspapers into the math curriculum encourages students to take an active role in their learning experience while enhancing their written and oral communication skills. Consider how numbers are integrally involved in daily life. We cook, travel, work, shop and move from place to place. Numbers can be incorporated into every activity. Because the newspaper chronicles daily life, it is the perfect resource for teaching mathematical concepts through relevant text. 2 TEACHER’S GUIDE Newspaper Association of America Foundation Newspapers are of great use in the classroom because they are inexpensive, readily available, easily tailored to varying learning levels and styles, and useful for individual or cooperative activities. In addition, using a newspaper integrates the math content area with language arts and social studies. In fact, with the emphasis on resource-based teaching, newspapers are being used to complement textbooks. Newspapers provide supplementary and relevant resources in reading, writing, math, science, history, economics, language arts, special education and second-language learning. In working with newspapers, students apply literacy and mathematical skills while they appreciate the importance of studying current affairs. Studies have shown that students who use newspapers score higher on reading comprehension tests and develop stronger critical thinking skills. Using newspapers enables students to become better informed and more involved citizens as well. Introducing the Newspaper to Your Students It is helpful if students have their own copies of the newspaper so they can move at an individual pace. Begin your introduction with a question about the value of newspapers to our society. Ask questions such as, “What would be different in our lives if we didn’t have newspapers?” Then, demonstrate to students how to handle a newspaper — how to open and fold it in order to make it easy to work with in a limited space. You may want to have them sign the tops of their copies, as ownership will encourage students to take better care of their newspapers. It’s possible that when you introduce the newspaper to your students, it may be the first time that some have encountered it. Take a few moments to guide them through its use. Point out the index and then explore the content of the newspaper as a class. Examine the format, checking out the various sections and what each one contains. Assess that students can find local news, sports, comics, classified ads and other features. Introduce some newspaper jargon, including terms such as headline, byline, etc., so that students will be able to use and react to these terms when you use them in instructions. After students become familiar with the features of the newspaper, use the index and send them on a hunt to find various items and articles. Review reading techniques such as skimming and scanning. Explain to them that skimming is useful when time is limited and they need to get the main idea or concept. In skimming, you move your eyes rapidly over the text just to get a general idea. Scanning is useful when you need to find a specific piece of information and do not have to use the entire article. When you know exactly what information you are seeking, you scan until you find it. These lesson plans follow learning standards from the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. 3 TEACHER’S GUIDE By the Numbers: Mathematical Connections in Newspapers for Middle-Grade Students Math Scavenger Hunt #1 See if you can find each of these in the newspaper. Write what you found and the page on which you found it. A fraction that is more than one-fifth (1/5) Page____ A money amount less than $1 Page____ A date other than today’s Page____ A five-digit number Page____ A decimal that is not an amount of money Page____ A store giving a discount of 20 percent or more Page____ An ad larger than half of the newspaper page Page____ A temperature higher than 40 degrees Page____ A stock that has gained more than one point Page____ 4 STUDENT WORKSHEET Newspaper Association of America Foundation 5 TEACHER’S GUIDE By the Numbers: Mathematical Connections in Newspapers for Middle-Grade Students • Have students look through the newspaper and find 10 different ways numbers have been used. They should cut out their examples and paste them on a piece of paper. Finally, they should label each of the ways the numbers were used. What are the concepts represented by those numbers? • Have students find the following math-related items in the paper. They should write the page number where they found each one: A fraction Page____ A decimal Page____ An average Page____ A percentage Page____ A ratio Page____ • Choose an article in the newspaper and have students circle all the numbers included. They should classify the numbers as fractions, even or odd numbers, currency, percentages, etc. Introductory Activities Math Scavenger Hunt #2 Clip out the number and paste it next to the description. Note the page number, too. A date earlier than Jan. 1 of this year Page____ An age younger than 21 Page____ A number written as a word (“one”) Page____ A prime number Page____ A fraction smaller than one-half (1/2) Page____ A decimal not representing an amount of money Page____ A percentage higher than 50 Page____ A measurement in inches Page____ A measurement in miles Page____ A page number larger than eight Page____ An odd number greater than 100 Page____ An even number less than 100 Page____ 6 STUDENT WORKSHEET Newspaper Association of America Foundation 7 STUDENT HANDOUT By the Numbers: Mathematical Connections in Newspapers for Middle-Grade Students Solving Word Problems You can solve word problems easily with this step-by-step strategy. The RQ – WQ – CQ Method for Solving Math Word Problems Each of the letters in R-Q-W-Q-C-Q stands for a step in uploads/Philosophie/ math-guide.pdf