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The turkic etymology of the word qazaq x27 cossack x27 omeljan pritsak 2006

Harvard Ukrainian Studies no ?? ?? The Turkic Etymology of the Word Qazaq ? Cossack ? Omeljan Pritsak Concerning the Turkic etymology of the word Qazaq there is no consensus among scholars While the historians Hru ?evs ?kyj ?? ? ? St? kl and the etymologists of the Slavic languages Berneker Brückner Vasmer and Truba ?ev as well as Mel ?ny ?uk ?? accept without any reservation ??but also without proof ??the Turkic etymology of this word some leading Turkologists have their doubts R? s? nen in his etymological dictionary of the Turkic languages gives no etymology in his entry qazaq and Doerfer ?? states atly ??eine sichere Etymologie für das Wort qazaq existiert nicht ? The same opinion was expressed by Menges nos From the formal point of view the word qazaq can be easily explained It is a deverbal noun in -AK from the verb qaz- as are k? s? k ? piece ? from k? s- ? to cut ? jatak ? bed ? from jat- ? to lie down ? qonaq ? palace guest ? from qon- ? to pass a night ? and sür? k ? runner ? from sür- ? to run ? Zaj czkowski ?? As we can see the su ?x -AK forms nouns expressing the result of the action instruments and the actor The problem is that the verb qaz- which is also attested in the older Turkic literary languages has the meaning ? to dig to dig out ? Also the noun qaz-aq theoretically must have had the meaning ? the digger ? Clauson And in fact such meaning is attested to in Sreznevskij cols ?? cf Doerfer It means that there existed some Turkic languages where the said meaning was the basic one It appears especially in Eastern Europe But I shall not dwell on it here since Larysa Pritsak dealt with it in a recent paper But I would like to propose the following hypothesis concerning the word qazaq The given meaning of the word qazaq entered the given Turkic language at the time when it commonly used that particular meaning It became ??existent ? when the literary language of the time included it in its vocabulary Hence one Turkic linguistic group preserved the words qazaq and qaz- in the meaning ? the digger ? ? to dig out ? and this meaning of qaz- has been preserved in the majority of the old and new Turkic literary languages C pritsak Annemarie von Gabain has convincingly proven that the verb qazhad in the Old Turkic language of the Orkhon inscriptions th century the same meaning as the verb qaz ?an- ? to gather conquer ? This meaning had remained in the Eurasian steppe but since it was connected with the nomads who were replaced as rulers by the sedentary dynasties of the Uj ?urs ?? and thereafter with the sedentary Karakhanids ?? it was not included into the Turkic literary language of that time We have an excellent