GUIDE Storyboard Storyboard notation 1. D.T.U./D.T.B: Digital Track Up/Digital

GUIDE Storyboard Storyboard notation 1. D.T.U./D.T.B: Digital Track Up/Digital Track Back. (or Layer track up/down) STORYBOARD - THINGS TO CONSIDER 1. Mise en Scene a. The essential placement (or arrangement) of things that inhabit the scene. b. Adding descriptions of the scene 2. Camerawork a. Zoom in/out b. Pan c. Scroll 3. Transition a. Cut b. Fade away 4. Sound THE SHOT LIST Every Shot Size 1) Establishing Shot a) An Establishing shot is a crucial introductory component of any scene. b) It can mark a transition to a new location. i) Or introduce crucial details about the location or world. 2) Master Shot a) Like the establishing shot i) A master shot confirms the location and geography of the scene. ii) It also clarifies which characters are in the scene and where they are in relationship to each other. b) The Master captures the scene playing out in its entirety providing the editor with something to cut out if necessary. 3) Wide Shot a) The Wide shot positions subjects far from the camera to visually represent their relationship to their environment. b) This is distinct from the establishing shot, which is about location. i) The Wide shot is principally concerned with the scale of the subject. c) It can be used when you need to make subjects appear: i) Lost, lonely, overwhelmed, or comment on a subject’s relationship to their environment d) Use it when you need to establish the spatial relationship of the subjects. i) Make statements using distance, depth, or size. 4) Full Shot a) When a subject's entire body reaches from top to the bottom edges of the frame the shot is defined as Full. b) With a Full shot, it’s not necessary to put the subject in the center of the frame, but notice how often this is the case. c) Use it when you need to make statements about: i) subject’s physicality and present a character in all their glory. 5) Medium Full Shot / Cowboy a) The medium full shot is arranged from top of the subject’s head to just below their waist. b) Use it when you need to present a subject as confident, dangerous or confrontational. i) Especially when weapons might be drawn. 6) Medium Shot a) It’s more of a neutral shot. i) Neither dramatic like a close-up or distancing like a wide shot. b) It captures the subject to how we interact with people. c) The typical composition of a medium shot. i) starts above the waist, but below the chest and ends just the head. d) Use it when you need to dig into a subject size without losing their physicality or environment. i) Or utilize a true middle-ground approach that is neither jarring nor especially dramatic. 7) Medium Close up Shot a) When a shot frames a subject from mid chest to just above their head. b) Medium close ups are about: i) reducing distraction and prioritizing story and character details. c) Use it when you need to get intimate with a subject without losing their physicality. 8) Close Up a) The most powerful visual weapon for highlighting a change in emotion or dramatic beat on screen. b) Close ups are most often arranged at eye level better to dig into the windows of the soul. c) In this shot size we have a front row seat for a character’s thoughts and feelings. d) The close up is about empathy and illustrates how dramatically effective it can be in a time of decision or anxiety. 9) Extreme Close up Shot a) An Extreme Close up frames a subject to isolate a specific area. i) This could be lips, ears, or nose but the eyes are typically the focus. b) But when the function of a specific prop or an intimate detail is necessary. i) Filmmakers will often rely on the insert shot. ii) Inserts are most commonly used to highlight and isolate something crucial to the narrative. c) An extreme close up or an insert shot is one of the greatest tools for emphasis. d) It is the most intimate, dramatic and potentially startling of all shot sizes. Camera Framing: Shot Composition & Cinematography techniques 1) Single shot a) A single shot features 1 character alone in the frame. b) The individual character is the primary focus. c) There are two ways to frame a single. i) A Clean Single (1) Is when no part of any other character is visible in the frame. (2) It is best used when you want to convey a character’s isolation. ii) Dirty Single (1) Includes a limited presence from another character in the frames. d) NOTE: Don’t forget that singles, like all of the framing options can be combined with any of the shot sizes whether it’s a: Close up, Medium shot or a Wide shot. 2) Two shot a) When 2 characters are visible together in frame. b) The orientation of the characters to one another can vary. i) But to be considered Two-shot both faces must be clearly visible. c) The Two-shot is all about creating visual relationships between 2 characters. i) This relationship might be affectionate, contentious, or even imaginary. d) NOTE: When more characters are added to the frame the terminology adjusts to Three-shot, Four-shot, and so on. i) Crowd shot ***A lot of characters in a single frame. e) NOTE: Remember, that no matter how many characters you include in a single frame. i) You are creating a relationship between them. 3) Over the Shoulder (OTS) a) The most common and useful way of covering a conversation. b) An OTS-shot acts like a hybrid between a Single and a Two-shot. i) Similar to a single, we’re often only focusing on a character at a time. c) From these OTS-angles, we get perspective from both sides and a sense that we are included in the moment. 4) Point of View (POV) a) When you want the audience to experience the perspective of a character, it can be effective to frame up a Point of View or POV-shot. b) The idea of the POV can cover a wide range of perspectives: i) A person, an alien, a camera, a disembodied spirit or even a shark. c) In many cases, a POV-shot is also paired with POV audio. i) So we can see what they see and hear what they hear. 5) Insert shot a) The Insert-shot is not just about going extremely tight on a detail. b) The way the information is framed is often even more important than how prominent it is on screen. c) Insert can also be combined with POV-shot. i) A first-person perspective. ii) Third-person perspective d) NOTE: The way you frame a shot helps guide the scene in desired direction. i) Once you understand what you want to achieve in the scene, you can decide how best to frame your subjects. Ultimate Guide to Camera Angles: Every Camera Shot Explained 1) NOTE: If shot size and framing are used to isolate what we are looking at, camera angles are all about how we are meant to perceive them. a) That adds yet another layer of meaning to every shot. Different types of Camera angles 1) Low angle a) Any shot that finds itself below a subject’s eye line, looking up at them is a Low-angle shot. b) Low-angle shots are typically used to make a subject look more powerful. i) Perfect for heroes and villains alike. ii) The degree can be subtle or extreme. 2) High angle a) While Low-angle shots can pump a character up, High-angle shots can beat them down. b) High and Low-angle shots are often paired in the same scene to heighten the imbalance of power between subjects. c) High angles are typically used to diminish a character. i) Making them appear weak or vulnerable. d) An extreme variation of the High-angle is the Aerial-shot. i) Typically used to establish: (1) environments, cities, landscapes (2) Or to present characters moving through a larger world. 3) Overhead shot a) When High-angles approach 90 degrees above the subject they become the Overhead-shot b) An Overhead-shot also known as a Bird’s-eye view or a God’s eye view finds the camera directly above the subject shooting straight down. c) Overhead-shots are great for showcasing complex movements. i) They could suggest a connection to the divine. ii) Or to capture the horrific details of a crime scene. 4) Dutch angle a) The Dutch-angle shot skews the horizontal axis of the frame for an off-kilter image that produces a variety of effects. b) A Dutch-angle can create a sense of: i) Unease, mania, terror or bewilderment. c) A dutch angle can also be used to magnify tension. 5) Eye-level shot a) Shooting an Eye-level is perhaps the most commonly used camera height. i) For the audience, it is the most natural height to regard a character. b) An eye-level shot doesn’t impose judgement on a character in the way a High or Low-angle shot uploads/Geographie/ guide-storyboard-the-shot-list.pdf

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