Remerciez-le!

Remerciez @Admin pour avoir partagé cet document gratuitement, de la manière la plus simple, en partageant sur les réseaux sociaux.

THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES So rr ,T-^:9 THE ILIAD

THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES So rr ,T-^:9 THE ILIAD THE ILIAD EDITED, WITH APPARATUS CRITICUS, PROLEGOMENA NOTES, AND APPENDICES BY WALTER LEAF, Litt.D SOMETIME FELLOW OF TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE VOL. I BOOKS I-XII SECOND EDITION HonUon MACMILLAN AND CO., Limited NEW YORK: THE MACMILLAN COMPANY I 900 All rights reserved First Edition 1886 Second Edition 1900 PA A;. PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION By the rewriting of large portions of the notes, and the addition of an Apparatus Criticus and Appendices, the present vohime has grown almost into a new work. The thirteen years which have elapsed since the first edition appeared have naturally brought with them many modifications in the opinions then expressed, as well as many corrections of error. But the Homeric problems still present themselves substantially in the same aspect as they did in 1886, and the only serious change in point of view between this volume and its predecessor is that involved in the full acceptance of the Peisistratean recension as an all-important factor in the constitution of the Iliad. Among books which have appeared since 1886 I am con- scious of particular debts to van Leeuwen's EnchiricUum, Cauer's Grundfragen, Erhardt's Entstehung der Homerischen Gedichte, and Schulze's Quaestiones Epicae. Prof. J. A. Piatt has by his published papers again put me under many obligations, among others in calling attention to Brandreth's edition of the Iliad, which in 1841 surprisingly anticipated many recent conjectures of the " forward " school. It is impossible to specify obliga- tions to papers in periodicals, but I have satisfaction in thinking vi THE ILIAD that the proportion of valuable contributions from English scholars has largely increased of late years. My warmest thanks are clue to the French Ministry of Education, and to M. Delisle of the Bibliotheque Rationale, for lending to the British Museum for my use the three valuable MSS. quoted in this edition as P, Q, E. I must add, with deep regret, that my sense of obligation is all the greater because England refuses similar courtesy to continental students. I have to express my special gratitude to the Eev. M. A. Bayfield of Eastbourne College, who has read the proof- sheets and assisted me with many invaluable criticisms and suggestions beyond those to which his initials are appended ; to Mr. T. W. Allen for much valuable information from his un- rivalled knowledge of the mss. of the Iliad; and lastly to the scholarly care and accuracy of Mr. Webb, Messrs. E. & E. Clark's proof-reader. December 9, 1899. PKEFACE TO THE FIEST EDITION The object of the present edition of the Iliad is to offer a guide to students anxious to know more of Homer than they can learn from elementary school-books. It must be confessed that, when once the strict limits of a verbal commentary are passed, it is hard to know which path to choose from the many which open into the world revealed to us by the Homeric poems. We find ourselves at the starting-point of all that has given Greece her place in the world—of Greek history, of Greek art, of Greek philosophy, theology, and myth. The poems are our ultimate resource for the study of the history of the Greek language, and it is to them that we owe all our knowledge of the one great school of Greek criticism. An editor may be pardoned if, at the risk of apparent superficiality and discursiveness, he attempts, not of course to follow all or any of these roads, but barely to indicate the direction in which they lead. Unfortunately for the English student, the works which he must study if he wishes to pursue these lines of inquiry are almost entirely in German ; unfortunately also for the editor, who can hardly escape the appearance of pedantry when he has to be continually quoting works in a foreign language. The difficulty is one, however, which it lies with English scholars themselves to remove. viii THE ILIAD Where the acumen and industry of Germany have been for nearly a century so largely devoted to the Iliad and Odyssey, it is not to be expected, or even desired, that in a commentary for general use a new editor should contribute much that is really original. The proper place for new work is in the pages of philological journals and dissertations. Indeed it is not possible for any man to be sure of the novelty of any suggestion he may make, so vast is the mass of Homeric literature which has been annually poured forth since Wolf revived the study. While believing therefore that some few improvements on old interpre- tation will be found in the following pages, I am at no pains to specify them, and shall be quite content if I see them adopted without acknowledgment. On the other hand, I have freely taken wherever I have found, only acknowledging in the case of recent work which has not yet passed into the common stock, and reserving for this place a general statement of the great debts which I owe to previous authors. Prominent among these ^ I must place Ameis's edition of the Iliad, and more particularly Dr. Hentze's Appendix thereto ; the references given in it are of inestimable value to the student. Heyne's large Iliad, and the editions of Pierron, Dlintzer, Paley, La Koche, Christ, N"auck, ISTagelsbach, Fasi, and Mr. Monro, have all been consulted ; the last two continually and with especial respect. Pteferences to notes on the Odyssey have, as far as possible, been confined to Merry and Eiddell's edition of the first twelve books, but here again Ameis and Hentze have been valued guides. Ebeling's great Lexicon Homericum, at last completed, has ^ If I do not place Mr. Monro's Homeric Grammar in the first place, it is because I trust that the continual references to it will keep before the reader my immense debt to it. PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION ix been of course an indispensable companion, though often usefully supplemented by Seller's smaller dictionary. The other principal authorities will be found in the list at the end of the Introduction ; isolated papers and monographs can hardly be enumerated. I have further to express my thanks to Mr. J. A. Piatt, Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, who has been so good as to read through the proofs, and contribute many valuable remarks. Finally, I have to name with affectionate remembrance my friend, the late John Henry Pratt, Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge. The eight years which have elapsed since his lamentable death by drowning in the lake of Como have so greatly modified the work which I inherited from him that I have no right to make him responsible for any opinion expressed in the following pages ; but I would emphatically say that their existence is entirely due to him, and that it is my earnest hope that I have said nothing which would not have met with his approval had he lived. \_April 1886.] LIST OF ILLUSTEATIONS TO THE APPENDICES FIO. 1. 2. 3. 4. Side view of a Mykenaean warrior ..... Front view of a I\Iykenaean warrior..... (These two figs, were drawn to Mr. Bayfield's instructions by Miss Alice Knox on materials from Reicliel's Horn. Waffen) Mykenaean battle-scene ...... PAGE 566 568 5. 6. 7. 8. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. (Figs. 3 and 4 are from gold intaglios on rings found in the tombs atMykene; Schuchhardt figs. 178, 221, pp. 197, 221) Diagram of the Mykenaean shield (M.A.B.) . Dagger-blade froniMykene, representing a hunting-scene. The picture is formed by differently coloured alloys in the bronze blade. An admirable reproduction in colours will be found iuPerrot and Chipiez, Hist, clc VArt, vol, vi. See also Schuchh. pp. 229 ff". . Back view of Mykenaean shield (M.A.B.) . . . . Fragment of silver bowl from Mykene, representing a sortie from a besieged city ; reproduced from 'Etpv/^- '-^PX- 1891 Fragments from two sides of a large vase found at Mykene, representing warriors marching out, and warriors engaged in battle; Schuchh. p. 280.) ..." Gold leg-guard found at Mykene ; see Schuchh. p. 228 Plan of the Homeric house .... Cup from Mykene ..... Cup from Caere ..... 569 569 569 569 570 571 572 574 575 588 599 600 600 U^. f. PROLEGOMENA I.—The Origin of the Iliad It is impossible to approach either the textual criticism or the exegesis of Homer without some theory as to the way in which the Iliad and Odyssey reached their present form. The Homeric question can here be but briefly touched upon ; no more will be attempted than to give the main points of the hypothesis adopted by the present editor ; it will be stated in a categorical form for convenience only, and with no desire to disguise the undoubted fact that it is but one among many scores of theories, all of which have had uploads/Litterature/ walter-leaf-iliad-pdf.pdf