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A Guide for Surveyors Aug 12 1 BRITISH MARINE LOSS PREVENTION SURVEYS - A GUIDE

A Guide for Surveyors Aug 12 1 BRITISH MARINE LOSS PREVENTION SURVEYS - A GUIDE FOR SURVEYORS (Read these notes before carrying out the survey) If after reading these guidance notes further advice is needed, contact the BM Survey Department GENERAL PROCEDURES AND ADMINISTRATION British Marine has vessels insured for P&I Cover, Hull & Machinery cover or both. The survey report has therefore been designed to cover both aspects of insurance. However, the surveyor should concentrate their report on matters which are relevant to the risk; for instance, if a vessel is insured for Hull & Machinery, a lot of detail about cargoworthiness or personnel risk may not be relevant. Of course, there is a considerable overlap as many aspects of the vessel and its operation, and therefore the report, will have relevance to both types of cover, e.g. Navigation, fire-fighting and general management of the vessel. H&M surveys should include an enhanced review of machinery. We expect a survey to be completed within a day, but if it is felt that a surveyor needs to attend longer then the Survey Department of British Marine Managers should be advised immediately. The surveyor should test items wherever appropriate whilst conducting the survey, such tests only being carried out with the prior knowledge and co-operation of the ship's staff. If particular areas appear to be well maintained and operational then it will be beneficial, due to possible time constraints, to limit testing to the more important items or those which condition gives cause for concern. Passenger carrying vessels should be subjected to “Safety Audits Of Passenger Vessels“ and Towage Approvals should include a review of all aspects of the tow, as described on page 7 of this guide, which includes a note on reporting. Ballast tanks must be pressed-up and holds must be inspected on all general cargo and bulk carriers. Also for P&I Surveys the hatch covers must be tested. Enclosed spaces adjacent to tanks containing noxious vapours / inert gas or spaces not previously ventilated must not be entered. REPORTING The report consists of a front and second page to be filled in with details of the vessel and the survey, the risk analysis pages, and the “Additional Comments Confidential to British Marine” page(s). The Master, or other representative, must sign the risk analysis and a signed copy is to be left on board. All items on the risk analysis should be discussed with the Master, or representative, and serious defects or deficiencies should be particularly emphasised to the Master, or representative, and serious defects or deficiencies should be emphasised. A typed Microsoft “Word” format version of the report (not pdf) should be e-mailed to the British Marine Survey Department, and no other party, as soon as possible after completion of the survey, but normally within one working day/24 hours. The report should include photographs (please note that we only require 6 – 10 photographs unless the observed defects warrant more) and the hatch cover leak test report for P&I surveys only (if applicable).The invoice (if applicable) and any other supplementary material can be sent via e-mail at a later date. The report sent to British Marine, and no other party, should include a scanned version of the original risk analysis page signed by the Surveyor and Master/Representative. Other documents copied from the vessel can also be sent as scanned attachments, if relevant. Do not return the checklist or copies of the vessel’s certificates. A Guide for Surveyors Aug 12 2 The “Summary” on the page 2 of the report is intended to provide an indication of the quality for each of the nine listed sections. Please use your opinion to select from the following: E Excellent G Good S Satisfactory P Poor D Dangerous If „P‟ or „D‟ is assigned to any section this should be:-  supported by the content of the risk analysis  notified to us immediately, if there is likely to be a delay in the sending/receiving of the report. This notification should advise the reason for assigning the rating of “P” or “D”. Page 2 of the report also includes space for a written “General Overview Comment”, which should be a brief statement of the surveyor's opinion regarding the vessel and its operation. More space is provided for “Additional Comments Confidential to British Marine” at the end of the report and we require surveyors to use this to help us understand their assessment. These “additional comments confidential to British Marine” should be no more than one or two pages long unless the vessel is notably sub-standard. PHOTOGRAPHS We require 6 - 10 photographs to indicate the type and layout of the vessel, these should include a sample of the following:  General views of the ship, deck, hatch coamings, hatch covers, seals and compression bars.  General internal views of the holds, the engine room and accommodation, as appropriate. We also require photographs of defects where they usefully supplement the report. We do not require a large number of photographs showing satisfactory items. RISK ANALYSIS When making entries in the report about the probability, the consequence, and the risk factor the surveyor is referred to the following notes and the relevant tables. Loss prevention surveys have traditionally focused on the condition of the ship and in some cases the manner in which it is managed or operated. Whilst acknowledging the value of this, we require the surveyor to look at the RISK involved and to make judgements on our behalf, as insurers of the vessel, whether it is for Hull & Machinery, or P&I, or both. The surveyor is required to look at the vessel and its operation, so far as he is able, and to identify those aspects that may lead to an incident, which may result in a claim. Each identified hazard, (structure, equipment, procedures or management), must include the reason why it affects the insured risk, be assessed for probability and consequence, and a corrective action and time period suggested A systematic approach is required using the following steps: 1. What omission, defective practice / management, ship or equipment defect has been identified? Identify the Hazard. A Guide for Surveyors Aug 12 3 2. What can go wrong? Relate the hazard to the risk covered by the insurance. 3. How likely is it that an incident will occur? Assess the likelihood (probability) of the incident occurring {See Table 1 below). 4. What effect may it have? Assess the potential severity (consequences) if the incident occurs (See Table 2 below). 5. How serious is the risk? Compute the Risk Factor by multiplying the probability and consequence ratings (See Table 3 below) 6. How can the risk be reduced? Methods of risk reduction to be proposed. 7. How quickly should these hazards be addressed? The time scale will reflect the importance and practicality based on the risk analysis. . Unjustified defect reporting is not acceptable. The following notes give some assistance with the terms used in the report form. HAZARD DESCRIPTION Situations or events that are a potential source of harm, accident, or damage. Examples are: Defective or worn structure or equipment due to corrosion, lack of maintenance or damage. Missing safety equipment, e.g. guards on machinery, or fire-fighting equipment. Dangerous or inadequate procedures, e.g. unsafe working practices, or poor supervision. It is most important that the hazard is reported, not just a 'defect'. PERCEIVED RISK The reason why the identified hazard should be addressed. Examples are: Hazard - Defective structure (steel wastage or cracks in main structural members). Risk - the vessel breaking up with potential for loss of life, pollution, cargo loss, hull loss, wreck removal etc. Hazard - No enclosed space entry procedure. Risk – Loss of life. It is most important that the most likely risks arising from a hazard are identified. The hazard must be evaluated for the frequency or probability of its occurrence and the consequence(s) that may arise, should the incident actually occur, assuming that no newly initiated preventive measures are taken. Risk is assessed according to the probability of an event occurring and the potential severity of the consequences. A Guide for Surveyors Aug 12 4 PROBABILITY – the surveyor should consider how likely it is that the identified hazard will cause or contribute towards an incident. This should be evaluated according to Table 1. Table 1 - Probability Probability Code Description High 4 Almost certain to cause or contribute Probable 3 Likely Possible 2 Not likely Improbable 1 Not impossible but most unlikely CONSEQUENCE – the severity of the outcome if a hazardous incident occurs. The surveyor should consider how severe the consequences could be in the event of such incident occurring. This should be evaluated according to Table 2. Table 2 - Consequence Consequence Code Description Catastrophic 4 Loss of life, total loss of ship and/or cargo, or Widespread and very severe environmental damage. Major 3 Serious injury, major fracture or loss of limb – requires hospitalisation. Severe damage to ship and/or cargo, uploads/Management/ british-marine-loss-prevention-surveys-a-guide-for-surveyors.pdf