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Entre Jeunes Shiksha Kendra, 2, Community Centre, Preet Vihar, Delhi-110 301 In

Entre Jeunes Shiksha Kendra, 2, Community Centre, Preet Vihar, Delhi-110 301 India CENTRAL BOARD OF SECONDARY EDUCATION Class-X Shiksha Kendra, 2, Community Centre, Preet Vihar, Delhi-110 301 India CENTRAL BOARD OF SECONDARY EDUCATION X Class CBSE French Language Text Book Revision Project Entre Jeunes Class X PRICE: FIRST EDITION 2003 © CBSE, INDIA SECOND EDITION 2006 © CBSE, INDIA THIRD EDITION 2008 © CBSE, INDIA FOURTH REVISED EDITION 2014 © CBSE, INDIA Academics & Training Wing, Central Board of Secondary Education, Shiksha Sadan, 17, Rouse Avenue, New Delhi - 02 Multi Graphics, 8A/101, W.E.A. Karol Bagh, New Delhi - 110005 Phone : 011-25783846 PUBLISHED BY : DESIGN & LAYOUT : PRINTED BY : All rights reserved, including the right to reproduce this book, or any portion thereof in any form, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review. Hkkjr dk lafo/ku ewy dÙkZO; mísf'kdk 1 ge] Hkkjr ds yksx] Hkkjr dks ,d lEiw.kZ izHkqRo&laiUu lektoknh iaFkfujis{k yksdra=kkRed x.kjkT; cukus ds fy,] rFkk mlds leLr ukxfjdksa dks% lkekftd] vkfFkZd vkSj jktuSfrd U;k;] fopkj] vfHkO;fDr] fo'okl] /eZ vkSj mikluk dh Lora=krk] izfr"Bk vkSj volj dh lerk izkIr djkus ds fy, rFkk mu lc esa O;fDr dh xfjek 2vkSj jk"Vª dh ,drk vkSj v[kaMrk lqfuf'pr djus okyh ca/qrk c<+kus ds fy, n`<+ladYi gksdj viuh bl lafo/ku lHkk esa vkt rkjh[k 26 uoEcj] 1949 bZñ dks ,rn~}kjk bl lafo/ku dks vaxhÑr] vf/fu;fer vkSj vkRekfiZr djrs gSaA 1- lafo/ku (c;kyhloka la'kks/u) vf/fu;e] 1976 dh /kjk 2 }kjk (3-1-1977) ls ¶izHkqRo&laiUu yksdra=kkRed x.kjkT;¸ ds LFkku ij izfrLFkkfirA 2- lafo/ku (c;kyhloka la'kks/u) vf/fu;e] 1976 dh /kjk 2 }kjk (3-1-1977) ls ¶jk"Vª dh ,drk¸ ds LFkku ij izfrLFkkfirA Hkkx 4 d 51 d- ewy dÙkZO; & Hkkjr ds izR;sd ukxfjd dk ;g dÙkZO; gksxk fd og & (d) lafo/ku dk ikyu djs vkSj mlds vkn'kksZa] laLFkkvksa] jk"Vªèot vkSj jk"Vªxku dk vknj djs_ ([k) Lora=krk ds fy, gekjs jk"Vªh; vkanksyu dks izsfjr djus okys mPp vkn'kksZa dks ân; esa latks, j[ks vkSj mudk ikyu djs_ (x) Hkkjr dh izHkqrk] ,drk vkSj v[kaMrk dh j{kk djs vkSj mls v{kq..k j[ks_ (?k) ns'k dh j{kk djs vkSj vkg~oku fd, tkus ij jk"Vª dh lsok djs_ (Ä) Hkkjr ds lHkh yksxksa esa lejlrk vkSj leku Hkzkr`Ro dh Hkkouk dk fuekZ.k djs tks /eZ] Hkk"kk vkSj izns'k ;k oxZ ij vk/kfjr lHkh HksnHkko ls ijs gksa] ,slh izFkkvksa dk R;kx djs tks fL=k;ksa ds lEeku ds fo#¼ gSa_ (p) gekjh lkekfld laLÑfr dh xkSjo'kkyh ijaijk dk egÙo le>s vkSj mldk ifjj{k.k djs_ (N) izkÑfrd i;kZoj.k dh ftlds varxZr ou] >hy] unh] vkSj oU; tho gSa] j{kk djs vkSj mldk lao/Zu djs rFkk izk.kh ek=k ds izfr n;kHkko j[ks_ (t) oSKkfud n`f"Vdks.k] ekuookn vkSj KkuktZu rFkk lq/kj dh Hkkouk dk fodkl djs_ (>) lkoZtfud laifÙk dks lqjf{kr j[ks vkSj fgalk ls nwj jgs_ (×k) O;fDrxr vkSj lkewfgd xfrfof/;ksa ds lHkh {ks=kksa esa mRd"kZ dh vksj c<+us dk lrr iz;kl djs ftlls jk"Vª fujarj c<+rs gq, iz;Ru vkSj miyfC/ dh ubZ mapkb;ksa dks Nw ys_ 1(V) ;fn ekrk&firk ;k laj{kd gS] Ng o"kZ ls pkSng o"kZ rd dh vk;q okys vius] ;FkkfLFkfr] ckyd ;k izfrikY; ds fy;s f'k{kk ds volj iznku djsA 1- lafo/ku (N;klhoka la'kks/u) vf/fu;e] 2002 dh /kjk 4 }kjk izfrLFkkfirA THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA PREAMBLE 1 WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens : JUSTICE, social, economic and political; LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship; EQUALITY of status and of opportunity; and to promote among them all 2 FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation; IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty-sixth day of November, 1949, do HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION. THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA Chapter IV A FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES ARTICLE 51A Fundamental Duties - It shall be the duty of every citizen of India- (a) to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem; (b) to cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom; (c) to uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India; (d) to defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so; (e) to promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women; (f) to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture; (g) to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, wild life and to have compassion for living creatures; (h) to develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform; (i) to safeguard public property and to abjure violence; (j) to strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and achievement; 1(k) who is a parent or guardian to provide opportunities for education to his/her child or, as the case may be, ward between age of 6 and 14 years. 1. Subs, by the Constitution (Forty-Second Amendment) Act. 1976, sec. 2, for "Sovereign Democratic Republic” (w.e.f. 3.1.1977) 2. Subs, by the Constitution (Forty-Second Amendment) Act. 1976, sec. 2, for "unity of the Nation” (w.e.f. 3.1.1977) 1. Subs. by the Constitution (Eighty - Sixth Amendment) Act, 2002 Foreword Entre Jeunes has proven to be a useful manual for teaching and learning French as a foreign language at the school level for about a decade now. However, with the changing times, it became imperative to undertake a detailed revision of this book. This revised edition takes primarily into consideration the mandate to impart and perfect the four basic skills of learning a foreign language i.e. listening, reading, speaking, and writing. Today's learner, though embedded in a local context, is being constantly exposed to the media and Internet as a global citizen in making. The revisions have taken place keeping these aspects in mind. Some of the structural changes are that the number of lessons has been increased to 12 mainly because the workbook has been merged into the main textbook through a critical selection of pedagogical material. The grammatical elements have been retained in accord with the earlier book. A careful look will reveal that the lesson plans have been redrawn keeping in view the needs of the today's learners. Each lesson starts with a main text or a dialogue followed by the activity "a toi" (now it is your turn) which invites the learner to immediately test what she/he has just learned. This is once again followed by a sub text or a dialogue, which intends to strengthen the knowledge, just acquired. Each lesson ends with two distinct features "I revise what I just now learned" and a gamut of socio-cultural elements reflected through photos, authentic documents and so on. The latter can be used either orally or in groups. In fact, the objective was to empower young students for independent study. In order to make today's learner a team player and a leader, some group and creative activities have been also incorporated which can be exploited orally or through written practice. The glossary at the end is an important addition. An effort has been made to render the book student friendly. A group of 3 lessons have been clubbed together in a unit with a particular colour which runs through that particular unit. Each unit ends with a "Bilan" or a review of all the four skills. The Board wishes to express its gratitude to Dr. Sadhana Parashar, Director (Academics, Research, Trainings and Innovation) and Mr. A.H. Ahmed, Joint Director for rendering the much needed guidance throughout this project. The Board would like to place on record its special appreciation to all the members of the revision team for their hard work, perseverance and Foreword valuable contribution. It is due to the excellent teamwork at all levels that the Board is in a position to introduce the revised French Book in the CBSE-affiliated schools in time. I hope that the revision of this book in the light of critical insights will help students understand the subtleties of the French language as they relate to daily life and they will feel more confident and motivated for learning French as a foreign language. Suggestions for further improvement will be appreciated. Dr. Satbir Bedi, IAS Chairperson, CBSE Acknowledgements CBSE ADVISORS TEXTBOOK REVISING COMMITTEE Dr. Satbir Bedi, IAS Chairperson, CBSE Dr. Sadhana Parashar, Professor and Director (Academics, Research, Trainings and Innovation) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Professor Abhijit Karkun Chairperson, Centre for French & Francophone Studies, School of Language, Literature and Culture Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi Ms. Nita Kumar French Faculty, Delhi Public School, R. K. Puram, New Delhi Ms. Mani Mathur French Faculty, Head of the Department, Foreign Languages, Sanskriti School, New Delhi Ms. Ruchi Kapoor French Faculty, Step by Step School Noida, Uttar Pradesh Ms. Divya Maheshwari French uploads/Management/ entre-jeunes-class-x.pdf