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Storm Water Field Inspector’s Guide Storm Water Field Inspector’s Guide Texas D

Storm Water Field Inspector’s Guide Storm Water Field Inspector’s Guide Texas Department of Transportation Environmental Affairs Division 118 East Riverside Drive Austin, Texas 78704 June 2004 Printed by: TRC Environmental Corporation Austin, Texas Printed on 20-lb. paper June 2004 Published by: Texas Department of Transportation Environmental Affairs Division 118 East Riverside Drive Austin, Texas 78704 Project Manager: Norm King Editor: Jesse Owens Cover Design: Kari Means Storm Water Field Inspector’s Guide Table of Contents iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 2 Types of Best Management Practices........................................................... 3 Inspection and Maintenance Guidelines ....................................................... 3 STORM WATER POLLUTION PREVENTION PLAN REQUIREMENTS............................................................................................. 5 STORM WATER POLLUTION PREVENTION PLAN REQUIREMENTS .... 7 Site Description ............................................................................................ 7 SW3P Description of Control Measures....................................................... 9 SW3P Stabilization Practices...................................................................... 10 SW3P Structural Practices.......................................................................... 10 SW3P Post-Construction Storm Water Management ................................. 10 Other Controls ............................................................................................ 11 Permit Requirement to Keep SW3P Current .............................................. 11 SW3P Signatory Requirements .................................................................. 12 INSPECTION FREQUENCY AND PROCEDURES .................................. 17 INSPECTION FREQUENCY AND PROCEDURES....................................... 19 Frequency ................................................................................................... 19 Record Keeping and General Procedures ................................................... 19 BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES— EROSION CONTROL.................................................................................... 25 TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT VEGETATION...................................... 26 Description.................................................................................................. 26 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 26 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 26 MULCH............................................................................................................. 28 Description.................................................................................................. 28 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 28 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 28 BLANKETS AND MATTINGS ....................................................................... 30 Description.................................................................................................. 30 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 30 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 30 SODDING ......................................................................................................... 32 Description.................................................................................................. 32 Storm Water Field Inspector’s Guide iv Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) Page Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 32 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 32 INTERCEPTOR AND PERIMETER SWALES............................................... 34 Description.................................................................................................. 34 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 34 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 34 DIVERSION, INTERCEPTOR, AND PERIMETER DIKES........................... 36 Description.................................................................................................. 36 Inspection Guidelines ................................................................................. 36 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 36 STONE OUTLET STRUCTURES.................................................................... 38 Description.................................................................................................. 38 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 38 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 38 PIPE SLOPE DRAIN ........................................................................................ 40 Description.................................................................................................. 40 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 40 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 40 BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES— TEMPORARY SEDIMENT CONTROLS.................................................... 43 SANDBAG BERM............................................................................................ 44 Description.................................................................................................. 44 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 44 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 44 SILT FENCE ..................................................................................................... 46 Description.................................................................................................. 46 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 46 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 46 TEMPORARY EROSION CONTROL DEVICE ............................................. 48 Description.................................................................................................. 48 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 48 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 48 TRIANGULAR FILTER DIKE......................................................................... 54 Description.................................................................................................. 54 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 54 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 54 ROCK BERM.................................................................................................... 56 Storm Water Field Inspector’s Guide Table of Contents v TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) Page Description.................................................................................................. 56 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 56 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 56 HAY BALE DIKE............................................................................................. 58 Description.................................................................................................. 58 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 58 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 58 STABILIZED CONSTRUCTION EXIT........................................................... 60 Description.................................................................................................. 60 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 60 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 60 BRUSH BERM.................................................................................................. 62 Description.................................................................................................. 62 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 62 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 62 SEDIMENT TRAP............................................................................................ 64 Description.................................................................................................. 64 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 64 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 64 SEDIMENT BASIN .......................................................................................... 66 Description.................................................................................................. 66 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 66 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 66 BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES— PERMANENT SEDIMENT CONTROL ...................................................... 69 GRASSY SWALES........................................................................................... 70 Description.................................................................................................. 70 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 70 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 70 RETENTION/IRRIGATION SYSTEMS.......................................................... 71 Description.................................................................................................. 71 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 71 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 71 VEGETATIVE FILTER STRIPS...................................................................... 72 Description.................................................................................................. 72 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 72 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 72 Storm Water Field Inspector’s Guide vi Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) Page EXTENDED DETENTION BASIN.................................................................. 74 Description.................................................................................................. 74 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 74 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 74 CONSTRUCTED WETLAND.......................................................................... 76 Description.................................................................................................. 76 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 76 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 76 WET BASIN...................................................................................................... 78 Description.................................................................................................. 78 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 78 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 78 SAND FILTER.................................................................................................. 80 Description.................................................................................................. 80 Inspection and Installation Guidelines........................................................ 80 Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................. 80 OTHER BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES........................................... 83 GOOD HOUSEKEEPING................................................................................. 84 CONSTRUCTION WASTES............................................................................ 85 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS........................................................................... 86 OFF-SITE VEHICLE TRACKING................................................................... 88 SANITARY FACILITIES................................................................................. 89 SPILLS .............................................................................................................. 90 TXDOT SPECIFICATIONS AND DRAWINGS.......................................... 91 TXDOT SPECIFICATIONS AND DRAWINGS ............................................. 93 REFERENCES................................................................................................. 95 REFERENCES .................................................................................................. 97 Storm Water Field Inspector’s Guide Table of Contents vii LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 1. SW3P Checklist ............................................................................... 13 Figure 2. Form 2118........................................................................................ 21 Figure 3. Temporary and Permanent Vegetative Cover .................................. 27 Figure 4. Anchoring of Blankets and Mattings ............................................... 31 Figure 5. Sod Installation Techniques............................................................. 33 Figure 6. Interceptor and Perimeter Swales..................................................... 35 Figure 7. Diversion, Interceptor, and Perimeter Dikes.................................... 37 Figure 8. Stone Outlet Structures Installed with a Sediment Trap .................. 39 Figure 9. Pipe Slope Drain Installation ........................................................... 41 Figure 10. Sandbag Berm Installation............................................................... 45 Figure 11. Silt Fence Installation....................................................................... 47 Figure 12. Temporary Erosion-Control Device—Filter Logs and Diameters ... 49 Figure 13. Temporary Erosion-Control Device—Back of Curb ....................... 50 Figure 14. Temporary Erosion-Control Device—Edge of Right-of-Way......... 51 Figure 15. Temporary Erosion-Control Device—Check Dam.......................... 52 Figure 16. Temporary Erosion-Control Devices ............................................... 53 Figure 17. Triangular Filter Dike Installation ................................................... 55 Figure 18. Rock Berm Installation at the Toe of a Slope .................................. 57 Figure 19. Hay Bale Dike Installation............................................................... 59 Figure 20. Stabilized Construction Exit—Plan and Profile............................... 61 Figure 21. Brush Berm Installation ................................................................... 63 Figure 22. Sediment Trap Installation............................................................... 65 Figure 23. Sediment Basin Installation.............................................................. 67 Figure 24. Vegetative Filter Strip...................................................................... 73 Figure 25. Extended Detention Basin—Plan and Profile .................................. 75 Figure 26. Constructed Wetland—Plan and Profile .......................................... 77 Figure 27. Wet Basin—Plan and Profile ........................................................... 79 Figure 28. Sand Filter—Plan and Profile .......................................................... 81 LIST OF TABLES Page Table 1. Mulch Types .................................................................................... 29 Storm Water Field Inspector’s Guide Introduction 1 INTRODUCTION Storm Water Field Inspector’s Guide 2 Introduction INTRODUCTION Construction activities can be a major cause of water pollution. Polluted storm water from construction sites is often conveyed via storm sewer systems into rivers and streams. Anywhere soil-disturbing activities occur, erosion and sedimentation are potential problems. Soil-disturbing activities increase the potential for storm water runoff pollution, which can cause downstream impacts to receiving waters. Sediment from construction sites has been shown to exceed that from agricultural land by 10 to 20 times, and by 1,000 to 2,000 times for forested land. In addition to soil-disturbing activities, poor construction management practices, including waste and spill control, can impact receiving waters. As part of an ongoing effort to minimize and/or eliminate pollution to receiving waters, the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) continually evaluates and implements procedures and practices related to storm water runoff pollution. TxDOT’s goal is to prevent the pollution of storm water runoff from highway projects, particularly construction- related activities. To facilitate this objective of reducing storm water pollution, TxDOT has created this Storm Water Field Inspector’s Guide. The purpose of this guide is to assist TxDOT field inspectors in ensuring compliance with the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Construction General Permit (CGP) conditions for construction projects. This guide also is designed to compliment TxDOT’s Storm Water Management Guidelines for Construction Activities document. Unless otherwise noted, all figures within this guide are from the Storm Water Management Guidelines for Construction Activities document. For construction activities, TxDOT implements best management practices (BMPs) for compliance with applicable regulations. BMPs are required for construction areas at which final soil stabilization is not established. For each implemented BMP, an inspection and maintenance program is required to ensure that the BMP is functioning as designed. This inspection guide provides a listing of BMPs and the associated inspection and maintenance activities, as summarized below. TxDOT specifications take precedent over this guidance document. Storm Water Field Inspector’s Guide Introduction 3 Types of Best Management Practices BMPs are procedures, devices, and practices that are implemented to minimize and/or eliminate erosion, sedimentation, and the introduction of other pollutants to storm water. TxDOT, the EPA, and the TCEQ have developed BMPs based on previous efforts that are approved for use at highway construction sites. Erosion control BMPs are implemented to reduce erosion of the surface cover, including limiting disturbance to native vegetation. By reducing erosion, sediment transport is minimized. Once sediment becomes mobile, sediment- control BMPs are required to reduce the volume of sediment being transported off-site. TxDOT’s goal is to prevent all silt and sediment from entering creeks, rivers, and marshes. The most common sediment- control BMPs slow down storm water flow, letting the dirt settle out. Other BMPs actually catch the dirt, like the oil filter in your truck. While sediment- and erosion-derived pollutants are the most common at construction sites, other pollutants can have an impact on storm water. Other pollutants are caused by poor housekeeping procedures, poor waste management practices, and other management activities. Following this introduction, this document addresses erosion, sediment, and other pollutant categories of management practices. Within each section, specific, approved BMPs are detailed and the installation and maintenance requirements are provided. Inspection and Maintenance Guidelines For each BMP described in this document, a description of the activity and inspection and maintenance guidelines are provided. The inspection subsection is intended to provide detailed inspection procedures for activities that occur during the construction phase of the project. The BMP maintenance subsection provides maintenance procedures for activities conducted after construction is complete but for which permanent erosion and sediment controls have not yet been uploads/Management/ inspectors-guide.pdf