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Prepositions Guide Don’t say: “I’m studying every day for improve my English.”

Prepositions Guide Don’t say: “I’m studying every day for improve my English.” Say: “I’m studying every day to improve my English.” The prepositions to and for are very easy to confuse! Here are some rules: Use TO in these cases: 1. Destination “We’re going to Paris.” 2. What time it is “It’s a quarter to 2.” 3. Distance “It’s about ten miles from my house to the university.” 4. Comparing “I prefer sleeping to working.” 5. Giving “I gave the book to my sister.” 6. Motive/Reason – with verb “I came here to see you.” Use FOR in these cases: 1. Benefits “Yogurt is good for your digestion.” 2. Period of time “We’ve lived here for 2 years.” 3. Schedule “I made an appointment for May 3rd.” 4. Agree with “Are you for or against the development of nuclear weapons?” 5. Doing something to help someone “Could you carry these books for me?” 6. Motive/Reason – with noun “Let’s go out for a drink.” 7. Function – with verb (-ing form) “A ladle is a big spoon used for serving soup.” As you can see in #6, TO or FOR can be used for a motive/reason, but TO is always with a verb, and FOR is always with a noun. Here’s a good example:  I came to New York to work.  I came to New York for a new job. The prepositions from and by are easy to get confused. Here are some rules: Use FROM in these cases: 1. Used to specify a starting point: A train is running west from Chicago. 2. Used to express of limits: The students go to school from Monday to Friday. 3. Used to express intervals: Two miles from shore (Distance) 30 minutes from now (Time) Go from one page to the next. (Interval) 4. Used to express discrimination or distinction: To be excluded from buying toilet paper. To disagree from one's father. 5. Used to indicate source or origin: I come from Venezuela. To take a pencil from one's pocket. 6. Used to indicate reason or instrumentality: Death from Chincuncuya. 7. Used to indicate cause or reason: From the evidence, he must be guilty. Use BY in these cases: 1. Near to or next to: A home by a lake 2. To express a manner or way: He came by the highway. She arrived by air. 3. A Means of Transportation: They arrived by ship. 4. To express during: I work by day I party by night. 5. To express before: I usually finish work by five o'clock. 6. To express amounts when comparing: The new house is larger than the old one by a great deal. He's taller than his sister by three inches 7. To express an opinion: This is a bad movie by any standards. 8. To express authority or author: The book was published by Random House. She read a poem by Emily Dickinson. The phonograph was invented by Thomas Edison. Use OF in these cases: 1. Used for belonging to, relating to, or connected with: The secret of this game is that you can’t ever win. The highlight of the show is at the end. The first page of the book describes the author’s profile. Don’t touch it. That’s the bag of my friend’s sister. I always dreamed of being rich and famous. 1. Used to indicate reference: I got married in the summer of 2000. This is a picture of my family. I got a discount of 10% (percent) on the purchase. 2. Used to indicate an amount or number: I drink three cups of milk. A large number of people gather to protest. I have only one hour of break. He gets a perfect score of 5 on his writing assignment. Use WITH in these cases: 1. Used to indicate being together or being involved: I eat a sandwich with a drink. He goes with his friends to the movies. 2. Used to indicate "having": I met a guy with green eyes. Were you the one talking with an accent? People with a lot of money are not always happy. 3. Used to indicate "using": This is the soup that I made with rice and noodles. He cuts my hair with his gold scissors. 4. Used to indicate feeling: I love with all my heart. He goes to the front stage with confidence. 5. Used to indicate agreement or understanding: Are you with me? Yes, I am completely with you. She agrees with me. Uses of AT, IN and ON in these cases: A preposition is used to show direction, location, or time, or to introduce an object. Here are a few common prepositions and examples. ON: 1. Used to express a surface of something: I put an egg on the kitchen table. The paper is on my desk. 2. Used to specify days and dates: The garbage truck comes on Wednesdays. I was born on the 14th day of June in 1988. 3. Used to indicate a device or machine, such as a phone or computer: He is on the phone right now. She has been on the computer since this morning. My favorite movie will be on TV tonight. 4. Used to indicate a part of the body: The stick hit me on my shoulder. He kissed me on my cheek. 5. Used to indicate the state of something: Everything in this store is on sale. The building is on fire. AT 6. Used to point out specific time: I will meet you at 12 p.m. 7. Used to indicate a place: There is a party at the club house. 8. Used to indicate an email address: Please email me at abc@defg.com. 9. Used to indicate an activity: He laughs at my acting. I am good at drawing a portrait. IN 10.Used for unspecific times during a day, month, season, year: She always reads newspapers in the morning. The new semester will start in March. 11.Used to indicate a location or place: She looks me directly in the eyes. I am currently staying in a hotel. 12.Used to indicate a shape, color, or size: This painting is mostly in blue. This jacket comes in four different sizes. 13.Used to express while doing something: In order to win you need to practices. A catch phrase needs to be impressive in marketing a product. 14.Used to indicate a belief, opinion, interest, or feeling: I believe in the next life. We are not interested in gambling. uploads/Management/ prepositions-guide.pdf