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APA referencing guide Academic conventions and copyright law require that you a

APA referencing guide Academic conventions and copyright law require that you acknowledge when you use the ideas of others. In most cases, this means stating which book or journal article is the source of an idea or quotation. This guide draws from the: American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: Author. University policy mandates the use of the APA style defined by this referencing guide. The previous guide was based on the 5th edition of the Publication manual. On this page: • List of references • How to cite references within the text of an assignment • Additional help List of References At the end of your essay, place a list of the references you have cited in the text. Arrange this in alphabetical order of authors' surnames, and chronologically (earliest publication date first) for each author, where more than one work by that author is cited. The author's surname is placed first, followed by initials or first name, and then the year of publication is given. If the list contains more than one item published by the same author(s) in the same year, add lower case letters immediately after the year to distinguish them (e.g. 1983a). These are ordered alphabetically by title disregarding any initial articles (a, an or the). • The reference list includes only the sources you have used in any submission. Apa Style requires reference lists, not bibliographies. • The reference list begins a new page with the centred heading - References • Double-space all reference entries. • Reference list entries should be indented half an inch (five to seven spaces) on the second and subsequent lines of the reference list for every entry - a hanging indent is the preferred style. (i.e. entries should begin flush left, and the second and subsequent lines should be indented). • Arrange entries in alphabetical order by the surname of the first author as the letters appear (e.g. M, Mac, MacD, Mc). • If there is no author, the title moves to the author position (filed under the first significant word of the title). If the title in this instance begins with numerals, spell them out. • States and territories are abbreviated in the location section of the publication information. For U.S. states, use the official two-letter postal service abbreviation (e.g. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill). Spell out country names if outside Australia or the United States. Reference examples • Books (print and online) • Journal and newspaper articles • Web documents and sites • Other electronic media • Audiovisual and other media • Legislation and legal authorities • Unpublished works • Proceedings and technical reports • USQ course materials Books (print and online) General forms (when DOIs are assigned, use them): Author, A. A. (year). Title of work. doi:xx.xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Author, A. A. (year). Title of work. Location: Publisher. Author, A. A. (year). Title of work. Retrieved from http://www.xxxxxxxxxxx Author, A. A. (year). Title of work. Retrieved from xxxxxxxxxxxx database. Include subtitles. All titles must be italicised. Information about editions (if other than the first), series, volume numbers or chapter page ranges should be included in parentheses ( ) after the title - not in italics but before the full stop. Other descriptive information may also follow the title in brackets [ ] before the full stop. Type Examples Online books A Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is a unique name assigned by the International DOI Foundation that provides a persistant link to its location on the Internet. When a DOI is available, no further retrieval information is needed to locate the content. Leaver, B. L., Ehrman, M., & Shekhtman. (2005). Achieving success in second language acquisition. doi:10.1017/ CBO9780511610431 Schiraldi, G. R. (2000). The post-traumatic stress disorder sourcebook: A guide to healing, recovery, and growth [Adobe Digital Editions version]. doi:10.1036/0071393 722 When a DOI is not available, use the URL. Burton, R. (1832). The anatomy of melancholy. Retrieved from http://etext.library.adelaide.edu.au/b/burton/robert/ melancholy/ Database information may be given for books (monographs) of limited circulation (e.g. from the University's database subscriptions). Nazareth, L. (2007). The leisure economy: How changing demographics, economics, and generational attitudes will reshape our lives and our industries [Monograph]. Retrieved from Books24x7 database. Use "Available from" when the URL leads to information on how to obtain the cited material (rather than to the material itself). Tyler, G. W. (n.d.). Evolution in the systems age. Available from http://www.onlineoriginals.com/showitem.asp? itemID=46&page=2 Books downloaded to mobile devices (without a DOI). Ware, C. (2010). Cottage by the sea [Kindle version]. Naperville, IL: Sourcebooks Landmark. Tzu, S. (2011). The art of war [Kobo version]. Berkely, CA: Shambhala. Up to seven authors List all authors names. Calder, A. (2009). Compliance for green IT: A pocket guide. Cambridgeshire: IT Governance. Bernstein, D. K., & Tiegerman, E. (1989). Language and communication disorders in children (2nd ed.). Columbus, OH: Merill. Curwen, B., Palmer, S., & Ruddell, P. (2000). Brief cognitive behaviour therapy (Brief Therapies Series). London: Sage. More than seven authors List the first six and then the last. Midgley, C., Maehr, M. L., Hruda, L., Anderman, E. M., Freeman, K. E., Gheen, M., ... Urdan, T. (2000). Manual for the patterns of adaptive learning scales (PALS). Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan. In-text: (Midgley et al., 2000). Edited books General form: Editor, A. A. (Ed.). (year). Title of work. Location: Publisher. Roy, M. J. (Ed.). (2006). Novel approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (NATO Security Through Science Series). Amsterdam: IOS. Grubb, M., & Neuhoff, K. (Eds.). (2006). Emissions trading & competitiveness: Allocations, incentives and industrial competitiveness under the EU emissions trading scheme. London: Earthscan. Article or chapter in an edited book or an encyclopedia General form: Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (year). Title of chapter or entry. In A. Editor, B. Editor, & C. Editor (Eds.), Title of book (pp. xxx-xxx). Location: Publisher. Treasure, D. C., Lemyre, P. N., Kuczka, K. K., & Standage, M. (2007). Motivation in elite sport: A self-determination perspective. In M. S. Hagger & N. L. Chatzisarantis (Eds.), Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in exercise and sport (pp. 153-166). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. Bergmann, I. (1997). Attention deficit disorder. In The new Encyclopedia Britannica (Vol. 26, pp. 501-508). Chicago, IL: Encyclopedia Britannica. Cormier, L. S. (1985). Action responses. In Interview strategies for helpers (2nd ed., pp. 114-118, 121). Monterey, CA: Brooks. Dadds, M. R., James, R. C., Barrett, P. M., & Verhulst, F. C. (2004). Diagnostic issues. In T. H. Ollendick & J. S. March (Eds.), Phobic and anxiety disorders in children and adolescents: A clinician's guide to effective psychosocial and pharmacological interventions (Part 1, pp. 3-33). Retrieved from ebrary database. Individual chapters may have their own DOI. Jacobs, G. M., & Hall, S. (2002). Implementing cooperative learning. In J. C. Richards & W. A. Renandya (Eds.), Methodology in language teaching: An anthology of current practice (pp. 52-58). doi:10.1017/CBO978051 1667190.009 No authors or editors If there are no authors or editors, move the title to that position. Psychological effects of cocaine and crack addiction: A survey of the psychological side of so-called "designer drugs". (1999). Philadelphia, PA: Chelsea House. In text, use a few words of the title (in italics), or the whole title if it is short, in place of an author name in the citation: (Psychological effects, 1999). If a work is signed "Anonymous", begin the entry with the word Anonymous as if it were a true name. Author as publisher American Psychiatric Association. (2001). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author. Group authors Full official names of group authors such as associations or government agencies should be used. Parent bodies precede subdivisions. File by the first significant word. Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2006). Measures of Australia's progress (Catalogue No. 1370.0). Canberra: Author. Church of England. Archdeaconry of Maidstone. (1877). The Church in its divine constitution and office, and in its relations with the civil power: A charge delivered to the clergy of the Archdeaconry of Maidstone at the ordinary visitation in may 1877; with notes (Talbot Collection of British Pamphlets). Retrieved from http://www.archive.org/details/churchin itsdivin00chur National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia). Health Care Committee. Expert Panel on Mental Health. (1991). Homelessness and severe mental disorders: Report of the Health Care Committee Expert Panel on Mental Health (Monograph series (National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia). Health Care Committee) No. 2). Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service. Queensland. Department of Corrective Services. Women's Policy Unit. (2000). Profile of female offenders under community and custodial supervision in Queensland. Brisbane: Author. United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General. (1988). The health consequences of smoking: Nicotine addiction; a report of the Surgeon General (DHHS Publication No. (CDC) 88-8406). Rockville, MD: Office of Smoking and Health. World Bank. (2008). Textbooks and school library provision in secondary education in Sub-Saharan Africa (World Bank Working Paper No. 126. Africa Human Development Series). Retrieved from EBL database. Translators and illustrators Levy-Leboyer, C. (1982). Psychology and environment (D. Cantor and I. Griffiths, uploads/Geographie/ apa-referencing-guide.pdf