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DVI Guide: INTERPOL 2009 1 D DI IS SA AS ST TE ER R V VI IC CT TI IM M I ID DE

DVI Guide: INTERPOL 2009 1 D DI IS SA AS ST TE ER R V VI IC CT TI IM M I ID DE EN NT TI IF FI IC CA AT TI IO ON N G GU UI ID DE E Chapter 1 ‐ General Remarks P. 2 ‐ 3 Chapter 2 ‐ Disaster Management P. 4 ‐ 10 Chapter 3 ‐ Recovery and Evidence Collection P. 11 ‐ 14 Chapter 4 ‐ Methods of Identification P. 15 – 18 Chapter 5 ‐ AM Data Collection P. 19 ‐ 30 Chapter 6 ‐ PM Evidence Collection P. 31 ‐ 41 Chapter 7 ‐ Reconciliation and Identification P. 42 ‐ 46 Chapter 8 ‐ Care and Assistance P. 47 ‐ 48 Chapter 9 ‐ Material and Material Resources (general) P. 49 Chapter 10 ‐ Legal Standards P. 50 Chapter 11 ‐ Special Operations I P. 51 ‐ 53 Chapter 12 ‐ Special Operations II P. 54 ‐ 55 CHAPTER 1 ‐ GENERAL REMARKS 1.1 Foreword The first Interpol Disaster Victim Identification Guide was published in 1984 and revised in 1997. The experience gained by the existing international community of DVI Teams (Disaster Victim Identification Teams) in various operations has been taken into account in the current version. The Guide contains recommendations for the identification of disaster victims. The specific religious and cultural needs and national idiosyncrasies or laws and directives of the Member States must be taken into consideration during an operation, but will not be discussed any further in the explanations of the Guide. It is also not possible to deal with all conceivable operational scenarios. The use of links provides a means of updating the DVI Guide continually, thereby eliminating the need for a complete revision of the Guide every ten years. 1.2 Goals The DVI Guide provides guidelines for use by Interpol Member States in the identification of disaster victims. It can serve as a basis for Interpol Member States which do not have their own DVI teams or have never been confronted with such operational situations to set up a DVI Team and to manage DVI operations. It also provides important supplemental information for Interpol Member States which have DVI teams of their own. See also Assessment form The most important requirement for victim identification work is the application of international standards, which are the common basis for the work in multinational DVI operations. 1.3 Guidelines for the identification of disaster victims All measures are designed to contribute to the positive identification of victims. The highest possible quality standards must be applied. It is also essential to respond to relatives’ need for certainty as soon as possible. Victims are to be treated with dignity and respect. DVI teams work in an interdisciplinary manner and engage the services of experts in various different fields, as needed. In order to establish, maintain and review standards and promote effective international co‐operation, Interpol calls upon each Member State to make preparations for DVI operations. If a disaster occurs in a country which does not have its own DVI team, support by other DVI teams can be requested through Interpol. Experience has shown that cooperation with other DVI teams is advantageous when disaster victims of different nationalities are to be expected. If there are victims from other nations, the nation in charge should do its utmost to secure participation from those other nations, at least as liaison officers, particularly from the medical and dental specialties, but also from the police. DVI Guide: INTERPOL 2009 2 re generally, if there are victims from other nations, the nation in charge should do its utmost to secure participation from those other nations, at least as liaison officers, particularly from the medical and dental specialities, and also from the police system in order to facilitate the exchange of information (particularly AM information). Interpol forms should be used to document victim identification and AM (ante mortem) and PM (post mortem) data. . It is suggested, that IP forms can be used in single cases – to get familiar with theses forms. They can be used as hard copies, as Pdf files download from the IP‐homepage and in a software system. 1.4 Disaster classification A disaster is an unexpected event causing the death or injuring many people. Many different kinds of events can lead to disasters. Thus DVI operations may be required following traffic accidents, natural disasters, technical accidents (fires, explosions), terrorist attacks and events occurring within the context of wars. It is important to distinguish between open and closed forms of disasters. An open disaster is a major catastrophic event resulting in the deaths of a number of unknown individuals for whom no prior records or descriptive data are available. It is difficult to obtain information about the actual number of victims following such events. A closed disaster is a major catastrophic event resulting in the deaths of number of individuals belonging to a fixed, identifiable group (e.g. aircraft crash with passenger list). As a rule, comparative ante mortem data can be obtained more quickly in the case of closed disasters. Combinations of these two forms are also conceivable (e.g. aircraft crash in a residential area). See also DVI Forms DVI Guide: INTERPOL 2009 3 DVI Guide: INTERPOL 2009 4 CHAPTER 2 ‐ DISASTER MANAGEMENT 2.1 Basic principles The chapter devoted to “Disaster Management” contains recommendations regarding structures and procedures to be followed in the event of a disaster. All recommendations are to be applied in keeping with actual work to be performed and available resources. Special procedures which may be used in national emergencies or during wartime are mentioned but not discussed in detail. However, the standards applicable to these situations are fundamentally the same. Due to uncertainty with regard to the extent of damage and the lack of reliable information, initial emergency responses immediately following a disaster are often difficult to set up. Coordination at all levels (local, regional, national and/or international) is urgently needed, however. Although disaster response plans often provide for corresponding coordination mechanisms, these may not be in place immediately following a disaster and are ordinarily not designed for the specific case in question. (It is very necessary to take into account during the first emergency response, as soon as possible, an efficient management of the cadavers). Coordination of the following activities is indispensable for effective disaster response: information management and status analysis identification of required personnel and material resources implementation of operational plans for victim management provision of accurate information regarding the identification of previously missing victims to families and local authorities Effective coordination of a disaster response operation can be ensured only on the basis of a properly functioning structure, as in most cases a number of different agencies and organizations with different functions and responsibilities are required to work together. Chaos can be avoided by implementing a clearly defined command structure and standard channels of communication. In order to achieve, maintain and improve standards, and to facilitate international liaison, Interpol recommends that each member country establish one or more permanent Disaster Victim Identification Teams. They should have a responsibility not only for disaster response, but also for the vital functions of pre‐ planning and training of key personnel. They may by virtue of their position suddenly become involved in, or responsible for, one or more of the many aspects of a disaster including victim identification. The identification procedures described later in this Guide assume that post‐disaster intervention will be organized; they are intended to serve as a sound basis upon which to develop disaster victim identification practices and standardize them in many respects. The advice may be of particular help to member countries, which do not have permanent Disaster Victim Identification Teams. Every disaster response operation begins with emergency measures designed to prevent or reduce further danger: First‐aid for injured victims Personal security measures Property security measures. The protection of life has priority over all other measures. This applies not only to victims but also to personnel assigned to the disaster response operation. An assessment of the disaster is an absolute prerequisite for personal security. Such assessments must take into account the type of disaster (natural disaster, aircraft crash, railroad accident, etc, see in Chapter 1) and the resulting hazards (fires, biological or nuclear contamination) as well as all other potential sources of danger (e.g. recurring tidal waves, etc.). In order to prevent and reduce further danger, the disaster site or area must also be secured. The site or area should be sealed off at sufficient distance. This enables disaster response forces to work without disruption, ensures the integrity of evidence and keeps away individuals who have no need or authorization to be present (spectators, reporters, etc.). Police and fire‐fighting units must also be called to the site to provide technical support. The family assistance and public relations work should also be integrated into the basic operational structure from the outset. The recommendations contained in this chapter must be adapted in keeping with available personnel and material resources uploads/Management/ guide - 2023-05-30T062712.018.pdf