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IEC 61810-1 Edition 4.0 2015-02 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Ele

IEC 61810-1 Edition 4.0 2015-02 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Electromechanical elementary relays – Part 1: General and safety requirements Relais électromécaniques élémentaires – Partie 1: Exigences générales et de sécurité INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE ICS 29.120.70 ISBN 978-2-8322-2322-2 ® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale ® Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor. Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé. colour inside This is a preview - click here to buy the full publication – 2 – IEC 61810-1:2015 © IEC 2015 CONTENTS FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................... 7 1 Scope .............................................................................................................................. 9 2 Normative references ...................................................................................................... 9 3 Terms and definitions .................................................................................................... 11 3.1 Terms and definitions related to general terms ...................................................... 11 3.2 Terms and definitions of relay types ...................................................................... 12 3.3 Terms and definitions related to conditions and operations ................................... 13 3.4 Terms and definitions of operating values ............................................................. 15 3.5 Terms and definitions related to contacts .............................................................. 16 3.6 Terms and definitions related to accessories......................................................... 19 3.7 Terms and definitions related to insulation ............................................................ 19 4 Influence quantities ....................................................................................................... 21 5 Rated values ................................................................................................................. 22 5.1 General ................................................................................................................. 22 5.2 Rated coil voltage/rated coil voltage range ............................................................ 22 5.3 Operative range .................................................................................................... 22 5.4 Release ................................................................................................................ 23 5.5 Reset .................................................................................................................... 23 5.6 Electrical endurance ............................................................................................. 23 5.7 Frequency of operation ......................................................................................... 23 5.8 Contact loads ........................................................................................................ 23 5.9 Ambient temperature ............................................................................................ 24 5.10 Categories of environmental protection ................................................................. 24 5.11 Duty factor ............................................................................................................ 24 6 General provisions for testing ........................................................................................ 24 7 Documentation and marking .......................................................................................... 27 7.1 Data ...................................................................................................................... 27 7.2 Additional data ...................................................................................................... 28 7.3 Marking ................................................................................................................. 28 7.4 Symbols ................................................................................................................ 29 8 Heating .......................................................................................................................... 29 8.1 Requirements ....................................................................................................... 29 8.2 Test set-up ........................................................................................................... 30 8.3 Test procedure...................................................................................................... 31 8.4 Terminals .............................................................................................................. 31 General ......................................................................................................... 31 8.4.1 Solder terminals ............................................................................................ 32 8.4.2 Flat quick-connect terminations ..................................................................... 32 8.4.3 Screw and screwless type terminals .............................................................. 33 8.4.4 Alternative termination types ......................................................................... 33 8.4.5 Sockets ......................................................................................................... 33 8.4.6 9 Basic operating function ................................................................................................ 33 9.1 General test conditions ......................................................................................... 33 9.2 Operate (monostable relays) ................................................................................. 33 Operate with (constant) coil voltage ............................................................... 34 9.2.1 This is a preview - click here to buy the full publication IEC 61810-1:2015 © IEC 2015 – 3 – Operate with PWM and/or other operating methods ....................................... 35 9.2.2 9.3 Operate/reset (bistable relays) .............................................................................. 35 10 Dielectric strength ......................................................................................................... 35 10.1 Preconditioning ..................................................................................................... 35 10.2 Dielectric strength ................................................................................................. 36 10.3 Special cases for test procedure B ........................................................................ 37 11 Electrical endurance ...................................................................................................... 38 11.1 General ................................................................................................................. 38 11.2 Overload and endurance test ................................................................................ 39 11.3 Failure and malfunction criteria ............................................................................. 39 11.4 Final dielectric test ................................................................................................ 39 12 Mechanical endurance ................................................................................................... 41 13 Clearances, creepage distances and solid insulation ..................................................... 42 13.1 General provisions ................................................................................................ 42 13.2 Clearances and creepage distances...................................................................... 43 13.3 Solid insulation ..................................................................................................... 47 13.4 Accessible surfaces .............................................................................................. 47 13.5 Solid insulation in the coil assembly as part of the insulation coordination ............ 48 14 Terminations ................................................................................................................. 48 14.1 General ................................................................................................................. 48 14.2 Screw terminals and screwless terminals .............................................................. 48 14.3 Flat quick-connect terminations ............................................................................. 48 14.4 Solder terminals .................................................................................................... 48 Resistance to soldering heat .......................................................................... 48 14.4.1 Solder pins .................................................................................................... 49 14.4.2 Terminals for surface mounting (SMD) ........................................................... 49 14.4.3 Other solder terminations (e.g. soldering lugs) ............................................... 49 14.4.4 14.5 Sockets ................................................................................................................. 49 14.6 Alternative termination types ................................................................................. 49 15 Sealing .......................................................................................................................... 50 16 Heat and fire resistance ................................................................................................. 50 Annex A (normative) Explanations regarding relays ............................................................. 51 Annex B (informative) Inductive contact loads ...................................................................... 54 Annex C (normative) Test set-up ......................................................................................... 58 C.1 Test circuit ............................................................................................................ 58 C.2 Description and requirements ............................................................................... 60 C.2.1 Power source for coil energization ................................................................. 60 C.2.2 Switching (coil control) device ....................................................................... 60 C.2.3 Power source for contact loads ...................................................................... 60 C.2.4 Control device ............................................................................................... 60 C.2.5 Measuring and indicating device .................................................................... 61 C.3 Test schematic...................................................................................................... 61 C.4 Contact load categories (CC) ................................................................................ 61 C.5 Special loads ........................................................................................................ 61 Annex D (informative) Special loads .................................................................................... 62 D.1 Dedicated device application tests and test sequences ......................................... 62 D.2 Special loads for telecom and signal relays ........................................................... 68 This is a preview - click here to buy the full publication – 4 – IEC 61810-1:2015 © IEC 2015 D.3 Special loads with inrush current .......................................................................... 69 Annex E (normative) Heating test arrangement .................................................................... 72 Annex F (normative) Measurement of clearances and creepage distances ........................... 73 Annex G (normative) Relation between rated impulse voltage, nominal voltage and overvoltage category ............................................................................................................ 78 Annex H (normative) Pollution degrees ................................................................................ 80 Annex I (normative) Proof tracking test ................................................................................ 81 Annex J (informative) Schematic diagram of families of terminations ................................... 82 Annex K (normative) Glow-wire test ..................................................................................... 83 Annex L (normative) Ball pressure test ................................................................................ 84 Annex M (informative) Needle flame test .............................................................................. 86 Annex N (informative) Resistance for standard soldering processes .................................... 87 N.1 General ................................................................................................................. 87 N.2 Double wave soldering process ............................................................................. 87 N.2.1 Profile ............................................................................................................ 87 N.2.2 Conditions ..................................................................................................... 87 N.3 SMT and through hole reflow (THR) soldering process.......................................... 88 N.3.1 Profile ............................................................................................................ 88 N.3.2 Conditions ..................................................................................................... 88 N.4 Evaluation ............................................................................................................. 88 Annex O (informative) Risk assessment ............................................................................... 89 O.1 General ................................................................................................................. 89 O.2 Risk assessment procedure .................................................................................. 89 O.3 Achieving tolerable risk ......................................................................................... 90 O.4 An application of risk assessment procedures (proposal for the user) ................... 91 Alphabetical list of terms ....................................................................................................... 93 Bibliography .......................................................................................................................... 94 Figure A.1 – Diagram explaining terms related to monostable relays .................................... 51 Figure A.2 – Example explaining terms relating to contacts................................................... 52 Figure A.3 – Explanations regarding the operative range of the coil voltage .......................... 52 Figure A.4 – Explanation regarding the preconditioning and testing of the operate voltage according to 5.3.1 (Class 1) and 9.2 ......................................................................... 53 Figure A.5 – Explanation regarding the preconditioning and testing of the operate voltage according to 5.3.2 and 9.2 ........................................................................................ 53 Figure C.1 – Standard test circuit .......................................................................................... 58 Figure C.2 – Functional block diagram .................................................................................. 59 Figure C.3 – Contact load categories .................................................................................... 61 Figure D.1 – Typical test circuit diagram ............................................................................... 67 Figure D.2 – Waveform per synthetic measurement of pulse width and peak current ............. 68 Figure D.3 – Circuit for cable load ......................................................................................... 68 Figure D.4 – Test circuit for inrush current loads (e.g. capacitive loads and simulated tungsten filament lamp loads) – AC circuits........................................................................... 69 Figure D.5 – Example for a tungsten filament lamp test for relays rated 10/100 A/250 V~/2,5 ms ............................................................................................................................. 70 This is a preview - click here to buy the full publication IEC 61810-1:2015 © IEC 2015 – 5 – Figure D.6 – Test circuit for inrush current loads (e.g. capacitive loads and simulated lamp loads) – DC circuits ...................................................................................................... 70 Figure D.7 – Test circuit for inrush current loads (e.g. simulated fluorescent lamp loads) with power-factor correction ....................................................................................... 71 Figure E.1 – Test arrangement ............................................................................................. 72 Figure F.1 – Example 1 ......................................................................................................... 73 Figure F.2 – Example 2 ......................................................................................................... 73 Figure F.3 – Example 3 ......................................................................................................... 74 Figure F.4 – Example 4 ......................................................................................................... 74 Figure F.5 – Example 5a and 5b ........................................................................................... 74 Figure F.6 – Example 6a and 6b ........................................................................................... 75 Figure F.7 – Example 7a and 7b ........................................................................................... 75 Figure F.8 – Example 8a and 8b ........................................................................................... 76 Figure F.9 – Example 9 ......................................................................................................... 76 Figure F.10 – Example 10 ..................................................................................................... 77 Figure F.11 – Example 11 ..................................................................................................... 77 Figure J.1 – Schematic diagram of families of terminations ................................................... 82 Figure L.1 – Ball pressure test apparatus .............................................................................. 85 Figure N.1 – Double wave soldering profile ........................................................................... 87 Figure N.2 – SMT and through hole soldering profile ............................................................ 88 Figure O.1 – Iterative process of risk assessment and risk reduction .................................... 89 Figure O.2 – Risk reduction .................................................................................................. 90 Table 1 – Reference values of influence quantities ............................................................... 22 Table 2 – Categories of protection ........................................................................................ 24 Table 3 – Type testing .......................................................................................................... 26 Table 4 – Routine tests ......................................................................................................... 26 Table 5 – Number of test samples ......................................................................................... 26 Table 6 – Required relay data (1 of 2) ................................................................................... 27 Table 7 – Symbols ................................................................................................................ 29 Table 8 – Examples for indication of rated values ................................................................. 29 Table 9 – Thermal classification ............................................................................................ 30 Table 10 – Cross-sectional areas and lengths of conductors dependent on the current carried by the terminal .......................................................................................................... 32 Table 11 – Operate and release with constant coil voltages .................................................. 34 Table 12 – Operate and release with PWM and/or other operating methods .......................... 35 Table 13 – Dielectric strength – AC ....................................................................................... 36 Table 14 – Dielectric strength – DC ...................................................................................... 37 Table 15 – Electrical endurance test procedures ................................................................... 39 Table 16 – Schematics for contact loading ............................................................................ 40 Table 17 – Provisions for the dimensioning of clearances and creepage distances ............... 43 Table 18 – Minimum clearances in air for insulation coordination .......................................... 45 Table 19 – Material groups ................................................................................................... 45 Table 20 – Minimum creepage distances for equipment subject to long-term stresses .......... 46 This is a preview - click here uploads/Management/iec-61810-1-preview.pdf